The RENEB operational basis: complement of established biodosimetric assays (original) (raw)
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International journal of radiation biology, 2016
RENEB, 'Realising the European Network of Biodosimetry and Physical Retrospective Dosimetry,' is a network for research and emergency response mutual assistance in biodosimetry within the EU. Within this extremely active network, a number of new dosimetry methods have recently been proposed or developed. There is a requirement to test and/or validate these candidate techniques and inter-comparison exercises are a well-established method for such validation. The authors present details of inter-comparisons of four such new methods: dicentric chromosome analysis including telomere and centromere staining; the gene expression assay carried out in whole blood; Raman spectroscopy on blood lymphocytes, and detection of radiation-induced thermoluminescent signals in glass screens taken from mobile phones. In general the results show good agreement between the laboratories and methods within the expected levels of uncertainty, and thus demonstrate that there is a lot of potential fo...
International Journal of Computational Engineering Research (IJCER), 2023
The worldwide political situation determines, the EU radiobiologists to develop and improve bidosimetry methods for analysis of the assessment dose in their own laboratories. For a short period of time every Radiobiology laboratory in the EU had to choose or improve applicable method of analysis, to develop working protocols and their own calibration curves for the applicable methods. The Scientific laboratory of Radiobiology and Radia tion protec tion, Milit ary Medical Academy Sofia is responsible for biodosimetr y esti mation of the assessment dose to the military structures in Bulgaria . Aim of the study: The aim of the current study is to analyze and compare some of the current biodosimetry methods, used in the European laboratories. Selection of a part of the analyzed methods for current use in one of the Bulgarian radiobiology laboratories; Materials and methods: comparison of the advantages and disadvantages of the most used radiobiology methods used in the EU radiobiology laboratories such as Dicentric chromosomal assay (DCA), cytokinesis-block micronucleus assay (CBMN), premature chromosome condensation assay (PCC) and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) chromosomal analysis. Results: The detailed analysis and review of the applied European methods, give the priority to the golden standard method (DCA), as the most applicable, shorten and highly effective for the needs of S cientific laboratory of Radiobiology and Radia tio n protec tion, Milit ary Medical Academy SofiaSofia. The advantages of the FISH technique show a good perspective and could be performed for biodosimetry in the laboratory. Conclusion: The biodosimetry assessment of the absorbed dose is a high skilled activity that involves team of professionals, working in the laboratory, correct selection of a few appropriate methods and preliminary optimization of the process. Take into consideration all described factors for our routine work use of DCA method is the first and optimal option. The FISH-technique presents many advantages that makes it a good additional option.
International journal of radiation biology, 2016
Purpose In the EC funded project RENEB (Realizing the European Network in Biodosimetry), physical methods applied to fortuitous dosimetric materials are used to complement biological dosimetry, to increase dose assessment capacity for large-scale radiation/nuclear accidents. This paper describes the work performed to implement Optically Stimulated Luminescence (OSL) and Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) dosimetry techniques. Materials and Methods OSL is applied to electronic components and EPR to touch-screen glass from mobile phones. To implement these new approaches, several blind tests and inter-laboratory comparisons (ILCs) were organized for each assay. Results OSL systems have shown good performances. EPR systems also show good performance in controlled conditions, but ILCs have also demonstrated that post-irradiation exposure to sunlight increases the complexity of the EPR signal analysis. Conclusions Physically based dosimetry techniques present high capacity, new possib...
Radiation protection dosimetry, 2014
In the event of a large-scale radiological emergency, the triage of individuals according to their degree of exposure forms an important initial step of the accident management. Although clinical signs and symptoms of a serious exposure may be used for radiological triage, they are not necessarily radiation specific and can lead to a false diagnosis. Biodosimetry is a method based on the analysis of radiation-induced changes in cells of the human body or in portable electronic devices and enables the unequivocal identification of exposed people who should receive medical treatment. The MULTIBIODOSE (MBD) consortium developed and validated several biodosimetric assays and adapted and tested them as tools for biological dose assessment in a mass-casualty event. Different biodosimetric assays were validated against the 'gold standard' of biological dosimetry-the dicentric assay. The assays were harmonised in such a way that, in an emergency situation, they can be run in paralle...
Health Physics, 2020
An effective medical response to a large-scale radiation event requires prompt and effective initial triage so that appropriate care can be provided to individuals with significant risk for severe acute radiation injury. Arguably, it would be advantageous to use injury rather than radiation dose for the initial assessment, i.e., use bioassays of biological damage. Such assays would be based on changes in intrinsic biological response elements, e.g., up- or down-regulation of genes, proteins, metabolites, blood cell counts, chromosomal aberrations, micronuclei, micro-RNA, cytokines, or transcriptomes. Using a framework to evaluate the feasibility of biodosimetry for triaging up to a million people in less than a week following a major radiation event, Part 1 analyzes the logistical feasibility and clinical needs for ensuring that biomarkers of organ-specific injury could be effectively utilized in this context. We conclude that the decision to use biomarkers of organ-specific injury would greatly benefit by first having independent knowledge of whether the person’s exposure was heterogeneous and, if so, what was the dose distribution (to determine which organs were exposed to high doses). In Part 2 we describe how these two essential needs for prior information (heterogeneity and dose distribution) could be obtained by using in vivo nail dosimetry. This novel physical biodosimetry method can also meet the needs for initial triage, providing non-invasive, point-of-care measurements made by non-experts with immediate dose estimates for 4 separate anatomical sites. Additionally, it uniquely provides immediate information as to whether the exposure was homogeneous and, if not, can estimate the dose distribution. We conclude that combining the capability of methods such as in vivo EPR nail dosimetry with bioassays to predict organ-specific damage would together allow effective use of medical resources to save lives.
RADIATION RESEARCH, 2009
The World Health Organization (WHO) held a consultation meeting at WHO Headquarters, Geneva, Switzerland, December 17-18, 2007, to develop the framework for a global bio-dosimetry network. The WHO network is envisioned to enable dose assessment using multiple methods [cytogenetics, electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), radionuclide bioassays, etc.]; however, the initial discussion focused on the cytogenetic bioassay (i.e., metaphase-spread dicentric assay). Few regional cytogenetic biodosimetry networks have been established so far. The roles and resources available from United Nations (UN) agencies that provide international cooperation in biological dosimetry after radiological emergencies were reviewed. In addition, extensive reliance on the use of the relevant International Standards Organization (ISO) standards was emphasized. The results of a WHO survey of global cytogenetic biological dosimetry capability were reported, and while the survey indicates robust global capability, there was also a clear lack of global leadership and coordination. The expert group, which had a concentrated focus on cytogenetic biodosimetry, formulated the general scope and concept of operations for the development of a WHO global biodosimetry laboratory network for radiation emergencies (BioDoseNet)