Biopolishing of Domestic Wastewater Using Polyvinyl Alcohol – Supported Biofilm of Bacterial Strain Bacillus velezensis Isolate JB7 (original) (raw)
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Helium: Journal of Science and Applied Chemistry
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Review on Biofilm Processes for Wastewater Treatment
Abstract: This review paper discusses the application of biofilm as an alternative technology for the treatment of wastewater under various loading and operation conditions. In the past few years the biofilm technology has become more common and widely used in the world to meet the requirement for clean water sources of the world’s growing population. Besides, the conventional wastewater treatment plants like activated sludge process present some shortcomings such as not very flexible method (if there is sudden change in the character of sewage and the effluent of bad quality is obtained), so better system is urgently needed to provide additional capacity with the least possible cost and to meet the standard effluent by the local authorities. The increased incoming flow of wastewater to the treatment plants and organic loading always demand for additional treatment capacity. Fundamental research into biofilm is presented in this paper in sections that discuss the use of biofilm whereby a comparison between suspended and fixed film, old and new biofilm are made. Besides, bed types namely moving bed, fixed bed and floating bed, un-submerged fixed film systems of trickling filters and rotating biological contactors are explained. Nutrients removal of nitrogen and phosphorus and nano technology application in biofilm are also explained. Results from investigations of different applications carried out at the laboratory and pilot scales are also discussed. [Khaled Shahot, Azni Idris, Rozita Omar and Hamdan M. Yusoff. Review on Biofilm Processes for Wastewater Treatment. Life Sci J .2014;11(11):1-13] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 1 Keywords: biofilm, wastewater treatment, trickling filter, rotating biological contactors, nutrients remova
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Journal of Basic Microbiology, 2013
Biofilms contain a diverse range of microorganisms and their varying extracellular polysaccharides. The present study has revealed biofilm succession associated with degradative effects on plastic (polypropylene) and contaminants in sludge. The wet weight of biofilm significantly (p < 0.05) increased; from 0.23 AE 0.01 to 0.44 AE 0.01 g. Similarly, the dry weight of the biofilm increased from 0.02 to 0.05 g. Significant reduction in pathogens (E. coli and feacal coliforms) by MPN technique (>80%) and in chemical parameters (decrease in COD, BOD 5 of 73.32 and 69.94%) representing diminution of organic pollutants. Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) of plastic revealed carbon and oxygen contents, further surface analysis of plastic by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed emergence of profound bacterial growth on the surface. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy conforms its biotransformation under aerobic conditions after 8 weeks. New peaks developed at the region 1050 and 969 cm À1 indicating CO and CC bond formation. Thus plastic with 6 weeks old aerobic biofilm (free of pathogens, max. weight, and OD, efficient COD & BOD removal ability) is suggested to be maintained in fixed biofilm reactors for wastewater treatment.
Feasibility of Treating Brewery Wastewater using Bio films
The brewery industry is one of the major industries in Zimbabwe and the following study was conducted to assess the techno-economic feasibility of reuse of wastewater after treatment using the biofilm that forms on the bio carriers. The malting plant of a certain brewing plant uses up to 350000 cubic meters water a year discharging about 75% of the biologically contaminated water as effluent which is discharged into the ecosystem. A biological water treatment approach was done using a moving bed biofilm reactor, with use of Mutag biochips. The treatment resulted in 93% BOD reduction, 87.9% COD reduction, 48% TSS reduction, 44% TDS reduction and a 97.8% increase in DO at a treatment period of 24 hours. An economic analysis was done with a payback period of 2.09 years and return on investment of 49% indicating the techno-economic viability of brewery wastewater.
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— The treatment of wastewater using biofilm technologies has been established to be an efficient and proven technology to obtain the desirable quality of effluent. A study was carried out to increase the effluent quality by treating domestic wastewater with biofilm system with the provision of some modification in the conventional Rotating Biological Contactor. To bring about the effective treatment and to check the feasibility of treatment process a lab scale model was developed. The model consists of drums and paddles attached to the shafts with the media filled in it and was operated at varying detention time and varying rotational speed. It was observed that there was remarkable reduction in wastewater parameters and it was because of consumption of organic matter by biofilm growth formed on media filled in rotating paddles and drums. The experimental study of Modified Biofilm Reactor revealed that, the maximum removal efficiency for BOD, COD and TS was observed to be 81%, 76% and 73% at rotational speed of 3 rpm and detention time of 24 hours.
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International Journal of Engineering & Technology
Fixed bed biofilm reactors were evaluated with three different arrangements of bio-balls. The performance of different arrangements was evaluated based on chemical oxygen demand (COD), total suspended solid (TSS) and mixed liquor suspended solid (MLSS). The three rectors were fabricated and operated in lab scale model with real domestic wastewater. Considering the TSS removal efficiency, arrangement one was the best followed by arrangement two and arrangement three. While for COD, arrangement one recorded the highest removal efficiency followed by arrangement two and column. The average COD concentration for arrangement one was 23 while for arrangement two and arrangement three was 25 and 36 mg/l respectively. The overall average effluent TSS concentrations for the arrangement one, two and three were 25, 32 and 45 mg/l respectively. TSS and COD removal was almost the same for arrangement one and arrangement two but arrangement one has the highest among them, and all removal is accep...
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Polymer Degradation and Stability, 1999
The biodegradability of water soluble poly(vinyl alcohol)(PVA) blown ®lms was investigated under dierent environmental and test conditions. In particular respirometric determinations were utilized in order to evaluate the biodegradability of polymer ®lms in composting, soil burial and aquatic degradation tests. Several microbial inocula derived from mature compost, forest and loamy soils as well as sewage sludges from municipal and paper mill waste-water treatments plants were matched with the PVA-based blown ®lms. A fairly active PVA-degrading bacterial mixed culture was obtained by starting from sewage sludge of a paper mill as inoculum. Limited rates and extents of mineralization were recorded in solid cultures in the presence of either soil or compost samples, whereas signi®cant biodegradation level within fairly short incubation time were obtained in liquid cultures in the presence of acclimated microbial populations. Experimental diculties encountered in trials aimed at isolating single degrading microbial species de®nitely indicated the existence of strong symbiotic or commensal interactions between the single components of the PVAdegrading mixed culture. A PVA degradation mechanism dierent from random scission or unzipping of carbon backbone has been suggested on the basis of viscometric behavior of PVA solution in the presence of mixed culture and its ®ltrate. #