Cytogenetic Analysis of Osmanabadi and Boer Breeding Bucks Breeds (original) (raw)
A Cytogenetic Study on the Angora Breed of Goat (Capra hircus) Reared in Turkiye
2008
The Angora breed of goat plays an important role for the Turkiye's Native Animal genetic resources point of view; nevertheless, so far, no comprehensive cytogenetic investigation has been performed on this important economic breed. The present preliminary cytogenetic study has been conducted upon a sample of Angora goat breed reared in Turkiye in order to ascertain the basic chromosomal status of the breed and to start a cytogenetic screening at a population level. Blood cultures have been noted according to the conventional methods and synchronized with thymidine. Conventional and GTG-RBA-RBG-banded karyotypes have been produced to determine the relative length and centromeric index of the chromosomes of the breed. Banding comparison confirmed similarity of the Angora breed of goat with the established standardized RBA-RBG banding a pattern of the goat species. Further cytogenetic studies should now be addressed at a population level to identify carriers of numerical and/or structural chromosomal abnormalities in the Angora breed population for implementation of its productive and reproductive efficiency.
An Improved Characterization of Goat Chromosomes by Means of G- and R-band Comparison
Hereditas, 1994
An improved Characterization of goat (Capra hircus, 2n = 60) chromosomes was obtained after a Gand R-banding comparison of the prometaphase chromosomes arranged according to the standard karyotype. GTG-, GBG-, RBG, and RBA-banding made possible construction of Gaild R-banded idiograms with a common banding nomenclature. A brief G-and R-banding description of chromosomes 4, 6, 22, 23, 25, 27, 28 and 29 is also given.
A Simpler, Cheaper and Quicker Method to Study Somatic Chromosomes from Goat, Capra hircus (L.)
Cytologia, 2007
A modified method for the preparation of somatic chromosomes from goat (Capra hircus) has been introduced. The method is simpler, cheaper and quicker to all the existing protocols. The material is easily available at a low cost and the method produces almost equally effective results within a short period of time. Therefore, this material and the method have been recommended both for classroom demonstration of somatic chromosomes and research. In essence, the model describes the use of HBSS as incubation medium (replacing costly culture media) for bone marrow cells collected from slaughtered goat and incubated in HBSS in presence of a metaphase arrester (colchicine) for varying length of time to standardize the optimum dose. The cells were collected by centrifugation, suspended in hypotonic solution followed by fixation in an appropriate chromatin fixative. The slides were prepared by flame dry technique, stained in Giemsa solution for observation. The diploid number has been conformed as 60 acrocentric chromosomes of varying length. Construction of karyotype revealed a heteromorphic sex chromosome status, in male 2n=60, XY and in female 2n=60, XX. Spontaneous ploidal variation and the occurrence of Robertsonian fusion have been recorded. The advantage of this modified ‘pocket friendly’ technique has been discussed.
Spontaneous Frequency of Sister Chromatid Exchanges in Different Breeds of Goat Reared in Egypt
CYTOLOGIA, 2003
The frequency levels of spontaneous sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs) were studied in 4 breeds of goats reared in Egypt namely, Zaraibi, Damascus, Baladi and Sahrawi. Blood samples from 21 animals belonging to these 4 breeds were collected and the lymphocytes were cultured in presence of bromodeoxyuridine. Slides were stained using Hoechst 33258 plus Giemsa technique. Thirty cells in second division were analyzed for each animal and the frequency of SCEs was recorded. The data were statistically analyzed using the Student t-test. The frequencies of sister chromatid exchanges (meanϮSD) were 5.36Ϯ0.66, 7.95Ϯ0.77, 5.72Ϯ0.79 and 6.11Ϯ0.27 in Zaraibi, Damascus, Baladi and Sahrawi, respectively. Statistical analysis between these 4 breeds showed that the Damascus breed has a significantly high level of SCEs (pϽ0.001) over the other 3 breeds. Also, a statistically significant difference (pϽ0.05) was recorded between Zaraibi and Sahrawi breeds.
Characterization of the heterochromatic chromosome regions in sheep
Genes & Genetic Systems, 1998
In order to elucidate the structural chromosome organization of the heterochromatic regions in sheep, we have used C-banding, silver-staining, sequential CDD technique and restriction endonuclease banding. By these banding techniques we obtained four fractions of repetitive DNA, the autosomal fractions A and B, the C fraction in the X chromosome, and the D fraction in the Y chromosome. Silver staining revealed active nucleolus organizer regions (NOR's) on the telomeric GC-rich areas of chromosomes 1, 2, 3, 4, and 25 which were digested with HaeIII restriction endonuclease.
Chromosomal characteristics of Tho-Tho cattle (Bos indicus) in Nagaland, India
African Journal of Agricultural Research, 2014
Tho-Tho cattle is a semi-wild indigenous cattle available in Nagaland, India. Tho-Tho cattle has been associated with tribal culture of 16 tribes of Nagaland besides its use for meat, milk and draught purposes. A cytogenetic analysis was conducted in a total of 10 numbers of Tho-Tho cattle (5 males and 5 females) from 3 districts of Nagaland hills situated at mean sea level (msl) ranging from 1000 to 10000 ft (4 nos. from one district and 3 nos. each from other 2 districts). The statistical design included 5 males and 5 females Tho-Tho cattle for gathering data on cytogenetic parameters viz. (i) karyotype, (ii) relative length, centromeric index and arm ratio of chromosome and (iii) construction of ideograms. Statistical tools used for analysis of variation of relative length of each autosome, centromeric index; arm ratio of the 'X' chromosome between male and female are done by using the Student's t-test. Duncan's multiple range test (DMRT) was used to isolate means if the effect was found significant. The study revealed that-(i) Tho-Tho cattle has 29 pairs of autosomes (ii) out of 29 pairs, 23 pairs of autosomes did not differ significantly (P > 0.05) between male and female Tho-Tho cattle in terms of relative length (iii) autosomes are acrocentric, (iv) relative length of 4th, 5th, 6th, 7th and 9th autosomes are significantly (P < 0.05) higher in male; however, 19th autosome of female is significantly (P < 0.05) higher than male (v) X-chromosome in both the sexes is clearly distinguishable and is submetacentric (vi) Y-chromosome (to the total haploid genome) of male Tho-Tho cattle is 1.77 ± 0.10% and it is acrocentric (vii) centromeric index of "X" chromosome in male is 33.75% and in female 32.76% and (viii) Arm ratio of "X" chromosome is found to be 0.66 in male and 0.67 in female.
Animal Biotechnology, 2001
and-conditions-of-access.pdf This article maybe used for research, teaching and private study purposes. Any substantial or systematic reproduction, redistribution , reselling , loan or sub-licensing, systematic supply or distribution in any form to anyone is expressly forbidden. The publisher does not give any warranty express or implied or make any representation that the contents will be complete or accurate or up to date. The accuracy of any instructions, formulae and drug doses should be independently verified with primary sources. The publisher shall not be liable for any loss, actions, claims, proceedings, demand or costs or damages whatsoever or howsoever caused arising directly or indirectly in connection with or arising out of the use of this material.
The phenomenon of cell chimerism in goats
Cell chimerism was diagnosed in goats with test reagents that identify erythrocyte antigens and with bovine probes that paint sex chromosomes. Same-sex and opposite-sex twins and their parents, representing the Fawn Improved breed, were used in the study. Ovine test reagents (anti-Aa, -Be, -Bi, -Bd, -Bb, -Ca, -R) were used to analyse the blood groups of twins. Cytogenetic analysis was based on FISH technique. Identical antigens and incomplete results of the reaction of blood cells with some immune sera showed that these animals had two populations of erythrocytes differing in antigens A 1, B 2, B 3, B 15 and R. The analysis of 100 metaphase plates for each animal, which were subjected to FISH technique using bovine sex chromosome painting probes, showed the presence of two cell lines: 60,XX and 60,XY.
Cytogenetic studies on the chromosomes of toda buffaloes
Buffalo Bulletin
Karyological studies and sister chromatid exchange analysis were carried out in Toda buffaloes stationed at the Sheep Breeding Research Station, Sandynallah, Ooty, Tamil Nadu. Mitosis was induced by pokeweed mitogen in short term leucocyte cultures and bromodeoxyuridine was incorporated in the cultures to elucidate the sister chromatid exchanges. The modal chromosome number was found to be 50 (2n) as in other river type buffaloes, and the relative length of chromosomes ranged between 7.12 + 0.01 and 2.51 + 0.34. The mean sister chromatid exchange frequency was 7.8 + 0.23, and the data on SCE frequency was found to follow the Poisson distribution.
Y-chromosomal variation of local goat breeds of Turkey close to the domestication centre
Journal of animal breeding and genetics = Zeitschrift fur Tierzuchtung und Zuchtungsbiologie, 2015
Genetic variations in chromosome Y are enabling researchers to identify paternal lineages, which are informative for introgressions and migrations. In this study, the male-specific region markers, sex-determining region-Y (SRY), amelogenin (AMELY) and zinc finger (ZFY) were analysed in seven Turkish native goat breeds, Angora, Kilis, Hair, Honamlı, Norduz, Gürcü and Abaza. A SNP in the ZFY gene defined a new haplotype Y2C. All domestic haplogroups originate from Capra aegagrus, while the finding of Y1A, Y1B, Y2A and Y2C in 32, 4, 126 and 2 Turkish domestic goats, respectively, appears to indicate a predomestic origin of the major haplotypes. The occurrence of four haplotypes in the Hair goat and, in contrast, a frequency of 96% of Y1A in the Kilis breed illustrate that Y-chromosomal variants have a more breed-dependent distribution than mitochondrial or autosomal DNA. This probably reflects male founder effects, but a role in adaptation cannot be excluded.
cytological screening of Nigerian ecotype goats for reproductive potentialities
Journal of Agricultural Science, 2012
This study aims to contribute towards the genetic improvement of Nigerian local chicken ecotype through selection. Genetic parameters for body weight at first egg (BWFE), egg number (EN) and egg weight (EW) till first 90 days of lay were estimated for both selected and control lines. Selection was based on an index using BWFE, EN and EW as the selection criterion traits. After three generations of index selection, BWFE, EN and EW all improved significantly (P<0.05) in the selected line. The heritability estimates for all traits in the three generations for both lines were moderate to high (BWFE, EN, EW,). Low to high positive genetic and phenotypic correlation was observed between BWFE and EW. The genetic and phenotypic correlation between BWFE and EN, and EW and EN were generally moderate to highly negative in both lines for all generations. However, in the second generation of the selected line a positive genetic correlation (0.33) was observed between EW and EN.
Frequency of chromosomal abnormalities in early embryos of the domestic sheep (Ovis aries)
Reproduction, 1980
Embryos or unfertilized eggs were collected 2 or 3 days post coitum from mature sheep of various breeds and crosses. The karyotypes of 89 of the 376 collected were established. There were 44 embryos with 2n = 54XX, 30 with 2n = 54XY;1 was a 2n/1n mosaic; 4 had 2n + 1 chromosomes giving an incidence of trisomy of 4\m=.\7%;and 1 unfertilized egg had n = 28. The incidence of chromosomal abnormalities was 6%, and 1\m=.\3%of the eggs or embryos had a cracked zona pellucida.
The main goal of this study was to develop a comparative multi-colour Zoo-FISH on domestic ruminants metaphases using a combination of whole chromosome and sub-chromosomal painting probes obtained from the river buffalo species (Bubalus bubalis, 2n = 50,XY). A total of 13 DNA probes were obtained through chromosome microdissection and DOP-PCR amplification, labelled with two fluorochromes and sequentially hybridized on river buffalo, cattle (Bos taurus, 2n = 60,XY), sheep (Ovis aries, 2n = 54,XY) and goat (Capra hircus, 2n = 60,XY) metaphases. The same set of paintings were then hybridized on bovine secondary oocytes to test their potential use for aneuploidy detection during in vitro maturation. FISH showed excellent specificity on metaphases and interphase nuclei of all the investigated species. Eight pairs of chromosomes were simultaneously identified in buffalo, whereas the same set of probes covered 13 out 30 chromosome pairs in the bovine and goat karyotypes and 40% of the sheep karyotype (11 out of 27 chromosome pairs). This result allowed development of the first comparative M-FISH karyotype within the domestic ruminants. The molecular resolution of complex karyotypes by FISH is particularly useful for the small chromosomes, whose similarity in the banding patterns makes their identification very difficult. The M-FISH karyotype also represents a practical tool for structural and numerical chromosome abnormalities diagnosis. In this regard, the successful hybridization on bovine secondary oocytes confirmed the potential use of this set of probes for the simultaneous identification on the same germ cell of 12 chromosome aneuploidies. This is a fundamental result for monitoring the reproductive health of the domestic animals in relation to management errors and/or environmental hazards.
Cytogenetic Profile of Rajapalayam Dog Breed of Southern India
Indian Journal of Animal Research
Rajapalayam, an important dog breed of southern India which are maintained for guarding of farm houses and protection from wild animals. The aim of the present investigation is to study the karyology of this important dog population for cytological profiling. Metaphase plates were prepared after culturing of lymphocytes isolated from heparinized blood collected from animals of both the sexes. Giemsa banding, centromeric index, arm ratio and relative length were estimated through standard protocol. The cytogenetic profile of Rajapalayam dog is different from that of Chinese Raccoon and Japanese Raccoon dogs which belongs to Canidae family with a basic chromosome number of 78 without B chromosome. The X chromosomes are longer in bitches than that of in dogs. Giemsa banding analysis revealed higher number of bands (272) distributed among the 38 chromosome in Indian dog breed as compared to that Chinese Raccoon dog. The results of the present study gave insight knowledge to the research...
Bosnian journal of basic medical sciences / Udruženje basičnih mediciniskih znanosti = Association of Basic Medical Sciences, 2007
Knowledge of spontaneous aberrations, namely, of their frequency in non-irradiated cells is of paramount importance not only in cytogenetic research, but also in contemporary animal production. The paper deals with research on spontaneously emerged chromosomal aberrations in the peripheral blood lymphocytes in the cattle of 'Busa' breed. To obtain metaphase chromosomes the conventional method of lymphocyte cultivation was used, albeit slightly modified and adapted to the examined animals and the laboratory conditions. The research findings indicate that a certain percent of spontaneously emerged chromosomal aberrations of chromatid type (gap and break) have been found in the peripheral blood lymphocytes in the cattle of 'Busa' breed.
Research Journal of Life Science, 2017
Chromosome analysis or karyotyping is one among powerful methods to characterize normal or abnormal genetic of animals. On the basis of the important chromosome abnormalities and their negative effect in the near future, chromosomal investigation of breeding bull especially for Artificial Insemination (AI) began in different countries. Chromosomal abnormalities are usually considered to be a plague and are to eliminate. In Indonesia, AI implementation in cattle have been started intensively, especially using imported bulls (bos Taurus) i.e. Limousine. A number of cattle breeds have been reported on of the 50 exotic breeds with the problem of 1/29 translocation, then the chromosome analysis to be important to execute. Method performed by collecting blood samples from first generation of crossing breed Madura Cattle vs. Bos Taurus. Sample was added to medium (Karyo MAX Gibco) then placed in CO2 incubator at 38 o C. Colcichine was added aafter 70 hours and kept for 2-3 hours. Slides were prepared and dried then stained with Giemsa. Slides were examined under high phase-contrast microscope, chromosome analysis using cytovision software and manual analysis straightly captured under microscope then arranged. Result of both method of kariotyping may accepted for analysing method of abnormal/normal chromosome. It showed that the 2 N diploid number of chromosome was normal was 60, there were 58 autosome and 2 sex chromosome in all cattle observed. It was observed that all cattle tested in this research were normal categories. The karyotype analysis of all cattle showed that the chromosomes of one cell and different individual each breed varied in size, shape and position of centromere. It was recommended to performed chromosomal investigation of breeding bulls using advanced sophisticated tools of analysis like cytovision image analysis of fluorescent technique. Manual method was recommended only for analysis of normal or abnormal number of chromosome.
Genetics Selection Evolution, 1991
The cytogenetic study of 224 AI Saanen and Alpine he-goats revealed the presence of a Saanen animal carrying a Robertsonian translocation. The chromosomes involved in this translocation were determined using G (GTG) and C (CBG) banding techniques. The chromosomes in question were identified as chromosomes 6 and 15. goat / chromosome / Robertsonian translocation Résumé — Étude cytogénétique des boucs d'insémination artificielle de races Saanen et Alpine. Mise en évidence d'une translocation robertsonienne. L'étude cytogénétique de 224 boucs d'insémination artificielle de races Saanen et Alpine a permis de mettre en évidence la présence d'un animal de race Saanen porteur d'une translocation robertsonienne. Les chromosomes impliqués dans cette translocation ont été déterminés à l'aide des techniques de marquage G (GTG) et C (CBG). Les chromosomes concernés sont le 6 et le 15. caprin / chromosome / translocation robertsonienne * Correspondence and reprints
Comparison of RBG-banded karyotypes of cattle, sheep, and goats
Cytogenetic and Genome Research, 1991
Based on natural taxonomic criteria, the 3 main domestic species of the Bovidae family belong to 2 different subfamilies: Bovinae (Bos taurus: domestic ox or cattle) and Caprinae (Capra hircus: goat, Ovis aries: domestic sheep).
Caryologia, 2003
Peripheral blood lymphocytes were cultured and treated for early-and late-BrdU incorporation to perform replicating G-and R-banding patterns, respectively. Slides were treated for GBG-, RBA-and RBG-banding techniques. Improved banded karyotypes at early-(350 bands) and pro-metaphase (500 bands) stage were performed and GBG-and RBA-banded prometaphase karyotypes were presented for the first time on this species. All chromosomes, including the small acrocentrics, show clear and distinguishable G-and R-banding patterns. Chromosome identification followed the latest chromosome standard nomenclature (ISCNH 1997). This study is also our contribution to further standard karyotype attempts at the prometaphase stage.