Combining Ability Effects of Some Phenological Traits in Bread Wheat (original) (raw)
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Combining Ability Analysis for Yield and Yield Contributing Traits in Bread Wheat
A 5 x 5 diallel cross involving wheat varieties LU-26S, 18172, 27HTN/1-54, DSN-5 and 243-1, was evaluated for general combining ability (GCA), specific combining ability (SCA) and reciprocal effects for various yielding traits like, flag leaf area, number of tillers per plant, spike length, number of spikelets per spike, number of grains per spike, 1000-grain weight and grain yield per plant. The study revealed that variance of components attributable to GCA, SCA and reciprocals effects were highly significant for all the characters studied. The GCA mean squares were larger than those of SCA for all characters except number of tillers per plant, number of grains per spike and 1000-grain weight. The higher magnitude of SCA than GCA for characters indicated that non-additive type of gene action was involved for the expression of the characters. Genotype 243-1 was better general combiner for flag leaf area, tillers per plant, number of grains per spike and 1000-grain weight. Most of the crosses showing desirable significant SCA effects involved non-additive type of gene action.
Combining ability and gene action study for grain yield and its attributing traits in bread wheat
2014
Combining ability and nature of gene interactions that contribute to grain yield and its attributing traits of wheat were investigated using 28 bread wheat hybrids developed by crossing 8 commercial varieties in a diallel mating design. The results revealed that mean squares due to GCA and SCA were highly significant for all the characters studied and indicatethe occurrence of both additive and non-additive type of gene interactions. The GCA and SCA ratio (2GCA/2SCA) was less than unity for all the traits except for days to 50 % flowering, number of spikelets per main spike, days to maturity and biological yield per plant. This indicated that non-additive components played relatively greater role in the inheritance of these traits. The estimate of GCA effects indicated that the parents GW-366, GW-411, K-583, KRL-213 and LOK-1, were identified as good general combiners revealing their ability in transmitting additive genes in the desirable direction to their progenies. The hybrids ...
COMBINING ABILITY FOR GRAIN YIELD AND SOME RELATED CHARACTERS IN BREAD WHEAT
International conference, 2016
This investigation was carried out at Sids Agricultural Research Station, Agricultural Research center (ARC.), Egypt, during 2013/2014 and 2014/2015. The objective of this study was to estimate combining ability effects for yield, yield component and some other agronomic characters in bread wheat. The mean squares associated with GCA and SCA were significant for most studied traits which indicated the presence of both additive and dominance types of gene effects. The ratio of GCA/SCA was more than unity in all traits, indicating that additive and gene effect was more important than dominance gene effect in the expression of these traits. Data obtained for (g^i) proved that, the variety Sids 4 and Line 101 were found to be good general combiner for days to heading, days to maturity, number of kernel/spike and 1000-kernel weight, and Line101 for grain yield/plant. Whereas the variety Sids 1 seemed to be good combiner for number of spike/plant and grain yield/plant, while Giza 168 is good combiner for grain yield/plan. Data obtained indicated that, some F 1 , s exhibited significant and high significant SCA effects either positive or negative under all studied traits. Crosses combination 2X3, 1X3, 2X5and 1X5, showed a significant and high significant negative (s^ij) for days to heading, while the cross 2X5 showed a significant negative (s^ij) for days to maturity, whereas grain yield/plant the crosses 2X5, 4X6, 3X6, 1X5 and 1X6, showed a high significant positive (s^ij) for grain yield /plant. INTRODUCTION Wheat is one of the major cereal crops in Egypt. National wheat production is not sufficient to meet the local consumption according to the higher increase of population, so that wheat receives the most attention of specialists of plant breeding. Combining ability studies are useful in classifying parental lines in terms of their hybrid performance. Partial diallel analysis provides better estimates of GCA than of SCA. Combining ability gives an indication of the relative magnitudes of additive and dominance genetic effects.
Combining ability analysis in bread wheat
Journal of Wheat Research, 2015
Combining ability analysis was studied in a 10 × 10 half diallel set of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). The analysis of variance for combining ability revealed that the mean squares due to both general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) were highly significant for number of effective tillers per plant, length of spike, number of spikelets per spike, peduncle length of spike, number of grains per spike, grain weight per spike, 100-grain weight and grain yield per plant. This indicated that both additive and non-additive genetics variances played a vital role in the inheritance of all these eight traits.The GCA and SCA ratio (σ 2 GCA/σ 2 SCA) was less than unity for all the traits indicated that non-additive component play relatively greater role in the inheritance of all the eight traits.The line, HW 5018 and HI 1544 were good general combiners for grain yield per plant and some of its component traits. Nine crosses exhibited significant and positive SCA effects for grain yield per plant. The highest SCA effect for grain yield per plant was exhibited by the cross HW 5018 x K 604 followed by RAJ 4136 x UAS 281, KYZ 300 x RAJ 4136, KYZ 300 x HW 5018 and GW 173 x RAJ 4136. The cross KYZ 300 x RAJ 4136 was found most promising having high SCA effect together with per se performance for grain yield per plant, number of effective tillers per plant, grain weight per spike and 100-grain weight which could be further exploited in practical plant breeding programme.
Combining ability for yield and its components in bread wheat
Combining ability of some metric traits was studied in a 5 × 5 diallel cross of wheat involving three varieties (PBW-222, LU26S & Uqab-2000) and two lines (8961 & 8952). The above mentioned lines/varieties were planted during the year 2002 -03. Mean squares for general combining ability (GCA) were significant for plant height, fertile tillers per plant, spike length, spikelets per spike, grains per spike and flag leaf area. Specific combining ability (SCA) mean squares were highly significant for all traits. Reciprocal effects were significant for plant height, flag leaf area, tillers per plant, spikelets per spike and grains per spike but were non-significant for spike length, 1000-grain weight and grain yield per plant. The magnitude of GCA variance was higher than the SCA variance indicating additive gene effects for flag leaf area, spike length, spikelets per spike and grains per spike. While high SCA variance for plant height, tillers per plant, 1000-grain weight and grain yiel...
Combining Ability Analysis in Wheat
Pak. J. Agri. Sci, 2007
A 4 x 4 diallel cross of wheat were evaluated for combining ability at Wheat Research Institute, Faisalabad during 2004-05. Data were recorded from F, generation for plant height, number of tillers plant", biomass plant", 1000-:: grain weight, harvest index, number of grains spike" and grain yield plant". The additive gene effects were operating in plant height, biomass plant", number of grains spike" and grain yield plant' while number of tillers plant" and 1000-grain weight were controlled by non-additive gene effects. The genotypes of "Uqab 2000" proved to be good general combiner for grain yield, 1000-grain weight, biomass plant", number of tillers plant" and plant height. While V-00055 was found good general combiner for grain yield, biomass plant", plant height and number of grains spike". The cross "SH-02 x Uqab 2000" and its reciprocal and "V-00125 x V-00055" were the best specific combiners for grain yield plant" and yield components.
Combining ability analysis over environments in bread wheat
Electronic Journal of Plant Breeding, 2019
Thirty-eight genotypes of wheat including 8 parents, their 28 F 1 s and 2 checks evaluated in 4 different environments i.e. early sown, normal sown, late sown and very late sown conditions was undertaken to study the combining ability in bread wheat for grain yield and its component traits. From pooled analysis, it was found that mean square due to GCA and SCA were significant for all characters which revealed difference between parents for GCA and difference between crosses for SCA. Significant mean square for GCA x E and SCA x E for proline content, chlorophyll content, chlorophyll stability index and heat injury was observed. In addition, SCA x E for grain yield was also significant. This suggested that additive and non-additive genetic components were sensitive to environments. Variance for GCA was higher than their respective SCA variance for grain yield per plant, leaf canopy temperature, proline content and chlorophyll stability index which suggested that additive component was less stable over the environment than dominant component. Parents HD 2987 was good general combiners for grain yield over different environments. Cross HI 1544 x HD 2987 was the best specific combiner for grain yield per plant followed by HI 1544 x RAJ 4079.
Analysis of Genetic Components of Important Traits in Wheat
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, India Section B: Biological Sciences, 2017
In order to determine the heritability and combining ability of the parents and crosses, a complete diallel cross study of five wheat varieties was performed with parents and a total number of 20 F 2 progenies under normal conditions in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications at the Nuclear Agricultural Research Institute. The importance of additive and non-additive effects was determined in the present study that may have implications in plant breeding programmes. The general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) were significant for all the features in this study, although reciprocal effects were significant only for the number of grains per spike. The GCA effect was more prevalent than the SCA effect in the studied traits. On the other hand, the SCA effect was only significant for yield, weight of grains per spike and peduncle length. Traits with high GCA can be improved by selecting valuable traits in progenies. In this study, Kealk parents were found to be suitable parents in the breeding programme to improve grain yield. Furthermore, the Brown Bolani 9 AS48 crosses were the best combination for improvement of yield and the number of grains per spike. Hayman analysis of variance showed the inheritance of all traits except yield and grain weight per spike which were mainly controlled by the additive gene effect. A high narrow sense heritability was detected for the length of the second and third internodes, peduncle diameter and plant height.
Combining ability analysis in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum) over environments
The Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences
The purpose of the study was to analyze combining ability in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) for yield and its contributing traits over environments. Ten genetically diverse parents were crossed in half diallel fashion excluding reciprocals and the trial was arranged in a Randomized Block Design with three replications during rabi 2016-17 at research farm, Rajasthan Agricultural Research Institute (RARI), Durgapura, Jaipur. The outcomes from current study demonstrated significance of GCA and SCA for all the characters indicated the importance of both type of gene action. The GCA/SCA variance ratio indicated the preponderance of non-additive gene action except Number of tillers per plant for F1 generation in very late sown environment which showed preponderance of additive gene action. An overall evaluation of GCA effects and per se performance over the environments showed that the parent PBW 343, Raj 4079 and Raj 4083 in all three environments; PBW 590 in normal sowing and late s...
Variation of traits is the basic tool involved in the natural assessment and causes to produce sustainable crop under various environmental conditions. Te aim of the present study was to assess twenty-four different wheat genotypes for morphological traits and yield components. Te experiment was laid out in randomized complete block (RCB) design having three replications. Components of variation, broad sense heritability, genotypic coefcient of variation (GCV), phenotypic coefcient of variation (PCV), range and genetic advance were estimated for yield and yield associated traits. Results revealed signifcant variation for all traits among the tested wheat genotypes. Te results showed the existence of adequate genetic variability among the tested wheat genotypes. High PCV and GCV were found in grains spike-1, while highest broad sense heritability with inferior genetic advance was recorded for plant height. Wheat genotype PR-110 out performed for grain yield, while PR-103 exhibited higher biological yield. Highest number of productive tillers m-2 was counted for PR-111, while intense leaf area index was displayed by PR-103. Hybrid-404 had relatively higher grain spike-1 while PR-114 was observed for highest 1000-grain weight. Among the genotypes Pirsabak-08 excelled for dwarf traits, while Hybrid-403 was found early maturing genotypes. Grain yield was positively correlated with productive tillers m-2 , and biological yield. Genotypes PR-110 and Hybrid-404 resulted in superior grain yield among the genotypes. Te results should help plant breeders to utilise the most promising wheat genotypes of this study in future breeding programmes for enhancing wheat cultivars.