Ultrasonographic Manifestations Of Germinal Matrix Haemorrhage And Periventricular Leukomalacia In Preterm Neonates At Teaching Hospital Peradeniya (original) (raw)
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2015
Periventricular Leukomalacia (PVL) is a White Matter<br> Injury (WMI) of preterm neonatal brain. Objectives of the study were<br> to assess the neuro-developmental outcome at one year of age and to<br> determine a good protocol of cranial ultrasonography to detect PVL.<br> Two hundred and sixty four preterm neonates were included in the<br> study. Series of cranial ultrasound scans were done by using a<br> dedicated neonatal head probe 4-10 MHz of Logic e portable<br> ultrasound scanner. Clinical history of seizures, abnormal head<br> growth (hydrocephalus or microcephaly) and developmental<br> milestones were assessed and neurological examinations were done<br> until one year of age. Among live neonates, 57% who had cystic PVL<br> (Grades 2 and 3) manifested as cerebral palsy. In conclusion cystic<br> PVL has permanent neurological disabilities like cerebral palsy.<br> Good protocol of real time cranial u...
Journal of Bahria University Medical and Dental College
Introduction: Preterm birth is a common cause of neonatal mortality with an additional burden of adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes. It is caused by different factors that can be either perinatal, natal or postnatal leading to white matter injury/intracranial hemorrhages. These lesions can be readily assessed by cranial ultrasound which provides cost-effective, radiation-free, bedside imaging. Conclusion: Cranial ultrasound is an innovative method to assess brain injury in preterm infants. Ultrasonographic evaluation of preterm brain is recommended as early as possible after birth with interval follow up. Three distinct patterns of brain injury can be seen in preterm infants: Periventricular leukomalacia (PVL), Germinal Matrix-Intraventricular hemorrhage (GMH-IVH) and cerebellar hemorrhages. Germinal matrix hemorrhage is found to be most common pattern with cystic PVL being next among three patterns of brain injury. Ultrasound is an operator-dependent technique with poor visualizat...
To assess the role of cranial ultrasound in preterm infants in NICU setup and to determine the correlation and significance between the mortality of the premature babies in NICU and the various abnormalities. Material and Methods: 100 preterm infants admitted in NICU ward in government medical college, Amritsar were included for neurosonographic examination in the department of Radio diagnosis and Imaging, Government Medical College, Amritsar. The abnormal findings were statistically tabulated. Results: 100 preterm infants were grouped on basis of birth weight and gestational age. 12 cases of GMH grade I were detected on first day of which one progressed to GMH II by the third day. 4 cases of GMH II were seen of which one progressed to GMH III on later scans. 5 cases with diagnosis of germinal matrix haemorrhage died during the stay in the hospital. 24 cases of PVL were detected on the first day of discharge, 2 new cases developed by the third day. 7 cases of PVL grade I progressed to grade II by the time of last scan. One neonate showed PVL grade III. 12 neonates who had PVL in the initial scans became normal. Significant association was found between abnormal ultrasonographic findings and low gestational age/ low birth weight. Abnormal ultrasonographic findings were also associated with mortality. Conclusion: Cranial ultrasonography is an ideal investigation for diagnosing intracranial pathologies in preterm and term neonates, sensitive for the detection of the intracranial hemorrhage, periventricular leukomalacia and hydrocephalus. Of the various abnormalities seen, germinal matrix haemorrhage was associated with mortality. Low birth weight and gestational age was also associated with mortality.
IOSR Journals , 2019
Objectives: To determine the importance of cranial ultrasound as an investigatory modality for high risk term and preterm neonates. To determine the role of cranial ultrasound in evaluation of brain injuries in high risk term and preterm neonates. after obtaining informed consent, 72 high risk term and preterm neonates admitted in RIMS hospital based on inclusion criteria. History and clinical examination was followed by appropriate investigations were done. These high risk term and preterm neonates were subjected to cranial ultrasound on selected days and different patterns of morphology abnormalities were noted. Chi-square test was employed to test the association and p-value of <0.05 was taken as significant. Results: The incidence of cranial ultrasound abnormalities in high-risk term and preterm neonates is 18.1% (13 out of 72). Of this Intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) was seen in 5 cases (6.9%), cerebral oedema (4.2%), thalamic hyperechogenecity (2.8%), corpus callosum agenesis (1.4%) and germinal matrix cyst (2.8%). Of the 13 (18.1%) high risk term and preterm neonates with abnormal findings on cranial ultrasound, 53.8% are preterm and 46.2% are term neonates. Conclusion: This study highlights the convenience and diagnostic efficiency of cranial ultrasound in detecting intracranial lesion in high-risk term and preterm neonates. It also emphasis cranial ultrasound is a sensitive non-invasive initial investigation for detection of the various brain lesions in the high risk term and preterm neonates, most common intracranial lesion noted in high risk neonates is intraventricular hemorrhage, cerebral oedema, thalamic echogenicity, germinal matrix cyst. Emphasizes its use as an initial investigatory modality for high risk term and preterm neonates.
Fetal intracranial haemorrhage: clinical significance of in utero ultrasonographic diagnosis
BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 1993
Objective To review in utero detection of fetal intracranial haemorrhage. Design Retrospective survey of pregnant women presenting to the ultrasonographic unit in whom the diag-Setting The Chaim Sheba Medical Center in Ramat Gan, and Shaare Zedek Medical Center in Jerusalem; Subjects Five fetuses with gestational ages ranging from 26 to 36 weeks. Main outcome measures Maternal complications, fetal monitoring, prenatal Doppler ultrasound studies, postnatal imaging studies, neonatal morbidity and mortality.
4 Brain Injury in Preterm Infants
2012
Zoe Iliodromiti1, Dimitrios Zygouris2, Paraskevi Karagianni3, Panagiotis Belitsos4, Angelos Daniilidis5 and Nikolaos Vrachnis6 1Neonatal Unit, 2nd Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Athens Medical School, Aretaieio Hospital, Athens, 23nd Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Athens Medical School, Attiko Hospital, Athens, 32nd NICU and Neonatology Department, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, General Papageorgiou Hospital, Thessaloniki, 4Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chalkida Hospital, Evia, 5Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Thessaloniki Medical School, Ippokrateio Hospital, Thessaloniki, 62nd Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Athens Medical School, Aretaieio Hospital, Athens, Greece
Journal of Pharmaceutical Research International, 2021
Aims: To compare commonly mentioned risk factors between mild germinal matrix hemorrhage-Intraventricular hemorrhage (GMH-IVH) (grade I & II) and severe GMH-IVH (grade III & IV) and to study the long-term neurodevelopmental outcomes in relation to severe GMH-IVH. Study Design: Retrospective cohort study. Place and Duration of Study: Neonatal intensive care unit, King Fahad University Hospital, between 2000 and 2020. Methodology: We included 54 premature infants at ≤36 weeks of gestation and with birth weight <2500g admitted to our neonatal intensive care unit. Premature neonates were divided into two subgroups: mild GMH-IVH (grade I and II) and severe (grade III and IV). We investigated the risk factors and neurodevelopmental outcomes in association with GMH-IVH. Results: Amnionitis (OR: 1.190, 95% CI 0.515-2.749), lower genital tract infection (OR: 1.190, 95% CI 0.515-2.749), antenatal infection (OR: 1.406, 95% CI 0.866-2.283), gestational diabetes mellitus (OR: 1.815, 95% CI 1....
INDIAN JOURNAL OF APPLIED RESEARCH, 2020
BACKGROUND: Incomplete formation and maturation of the central nervous system makes it extremely vulnerable to injury, in the case of premature neonates. This can result in a broad range of neurodevelopmental abnormalities. Cranial ultrasound is a sensitive tool for the early detection of these.Preterm neonates, defined as childbirth occurring at less than 37 completed weeks of gestation, is a major determinant of neonatal mortality and morbidity because of their greater risk for intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) and hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE). The morbidity associated with preterm birth often extends to later life, resulting in enormous physical, psychological and economic costs. Currently, many imaging modalities are available like Cranial Ultrasonography, Computed Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging to detect the intracranial abnormalities in these neonates. However advantages of Cranial Ultrasonography are easy availability, not expensive, easy to perform, quick...
Incidence of intraventricular hemorrhage and post hemorrhagic hydrocephalus in preterm infants
Acta medica Iranica
Germinal matrix-intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) is the most common variety of neonatal intracranial hemorrhage and is characteristics of the premature infant. The importance of the lesion relates not only to its high incidence but to their attendant complications (IC: hydrocephalus). Brain sonography is the procedure of choice in diagnosis of germinal matrix- intraventricular hemorrhage and hydrocephalus. In this study we have used brain sonography for detection of intraventricular hemorrhage and post hemorrhagic hydrocephalus and their incidences. The studied population was consisted of premature neonate (birth weight equal or less than 1500 g and gestational age equal or less than 37 weeks) who admitted in Mofid Hospital NICU (Tehran, Iran) during a one year period. For all neonate (including criteria) brain sonography in first week of life was done and in presence of IVH, serial Brain sonography was done weekly for detection of hydrocephalus. A total of 57 neonate entered the s...