Springer-Nature23 capitolo libro carbon dots (original) (raw)
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Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology
Carbon dots (CDs) show extensive potential in various fields such as sensing, bioimaging, catalysis, medicine, optoelectronics, and drug delivery due to their unique properties, that is, low cytotoxicity, cytocompatibility, water-solubility, multicolor wavelength tuned emission, photo-stability, easy modification, strong chemical inertness, etc. This review article especially focuses on the recent advancement (2015–2022) in the green synthesis of CDs, their application in metal ions sensing and microbial bioimaging, detection, and viability studies as well as their applications in pathogenic control and plant growth promotion.
Multifaceted applications of green carbon dots synthesized from renewable sources
Advances in Colloid and Interface Science, 2019
Fluorescent carbon dots (CDs) are an emerging class of nanomaterials in the carbon family. There are various inexpensive and renewable resources that can be used to synthesize green CDs, which have received immense attention from researchers because of their improved aqueous solubility, high biocompatibility, and eco-friendly nature compared with chemically derived CDs. Additional surface passivation is not required, as heteroatoms are present on the surface of green CDs in the form of amine, hydroxyl, carboxyl, or thiol functional groups, which can improve their physicochemical properties, quantum yield, and the probability of visible light absorption. Green CDs have potential applications in the fields of bioimaging, drug/gene delivery systems, catalysis, and sensing. Since their discovery, there have been several review articles that describe the synthesis of green CDs and some of their applications. However, there are no review articles describing the synthesis and complete applications of green CDs. Here, we provide detailed information regarding their synthesis and applications based on the available literature. In addition, we discuss some of the less explored applications of green CDs and the challenges that remain to be overcome.
Chemosensors, 2021
The fluorescent carbon quantum dots (CQDs) represent an emerging subset of carbonaceous nanomaterials, recently becoming a powerful tool for biosensing, bioimaging, and drug and gene delivery. In general, carbon dots are defined as zero-dimensional (0D), spherical-like nanoparticles with <10 nm in size. Their unique chemical, optical, and electronic properties make CQDs versatile materials for a wide spectrum of applications, mainly for the sensing and biomedical purposes. Due to their good biocompatibility, water solubility, and relatively facile modification, these novel materials have attracted tremendous interest in recent years, which is especially important for nanotechnology and nanoscience expertise. The preparation of the biomass-derived CQDs has attracted growing interest recently due to their low-cost, renewable, and green biomass resources, presenting also the variability of possible modification for the enhancement of CQDs’ properties. This review is primarily focuse...
Bio-Derived Fluorescent Carbon Dots: Synthesis, Properties and Applications
Molecules
The transformation of biowaste into products with added value offers a lucrative role in nation-building. The current work describes the synthesis of highly water-soluble, luminous carbon quantum dots (CQDs) in the size range of 5–10 nm from discarded rice straw. The small spherical CQDs that were formed had outstanding optical and luminescent qualities as well as good photostabilities. By performing quantitative multi-assay tests that included antioxidant activities, in vitro stability and colloidal assay investigations as a function of different CQD concentrations, the biocompatibility of CQDs was evaluated. To clearly visualize the type of surface defects and emissive states in produced CQDs, excitation-dependent fluorescence emission experiments have also been carried out. The “waste-to-wealth” strategy that has been devised is a successful step toward the quick and accurate detection of Cu2+ ion in aqueous conditions. The fluorescence-quenching behavior has specified the concen...
Molecules, 2023
The knowledge of the ways in which post-synthesis treatments may influence the properties of carbon quantum dots (CDs) is of paramount importance for their employment in biosensors. It enables the definition of the mechanism of sensing, which is essential for the application of the suited design strategy of the device. In the present work, we studied the ways in which post-synthesis thermal treatments influence the optical and electrochemical properties of Nitrogen-doped CDs (N-CDs). Blue-emitting, N-CDs for application in biosensors were synthesized through the hydrothermal route, starting from citric acid and urea as bio-synthesizable and low-cost precursors. The CDs samples were thermally post-treated and then characterized through a combination of spectroscopic, structural, and electrochemical techniques. We observed that the post-synthesis thermal treatments show an oxidative effect on CDs graphitic N-atoms. They cause their partially oxidation with the formation of mixed valen...
Recent Developments in Carbon Quantum Dots: Properties, Fabrication Techniques, and Bio-Applications
2021
Carbon dots have gained tremendous interest attributable to their unique features. Two approaches are involved in the fabrication of quantum dots (Top-down and Bottom-up). Most of the synthesis methods are usually multistep, required harsh conditions, and costly carbon sources that may have a toxic effect, therefore green synthesis is more preferable. Herein, the current review presents the green synthesis of carbon quantum dots (CQDs) and graphene quantum dots (GQDs) that having a wide range of potential applications in bio-sensing, cellular imaging, and drug delivery. However, some drawbacks and limitations are still unclear. Other biomedical and biotechnological applications are also highlighted.
Eco-Friendly and Sustainable Pathways to Photoluminescent Carbon Quantum Dots (CQDs)
Nanomaterials
Carbon quantum dots (CQDs), a new family of photoluminescent 0D NPs, have recently received a lot of attention. They have enormous future potential due to their unique properties, which include low toxicity, high conductivity, and biocompatibility and accordingly can be used as a feasible replacement for conventional materials deployed in various optoelectronic, biomedical, and energy applications. The most recent trends and advancements in the synthesizing and setup of photoluminescent CQDs using environmentally friendly methods are thoroughly discussed in this review. The eco-friendly synthetic processes are emphasized, with a focus on biomass-derived precursors. Modification possibilities for creating newer physicochemical properties among different CQDs are also presented, along with a brief conceptual overview. The extensive amount of writings on them found in the literature explains their exceptional competence in a variety of fields, making these nanomaterials promising alter...