Recent Advancements in Design, Application, and Simulation Studies of Hybrid Solar Drying Technology (original) (raw)
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Solar dryer with thermal energy storage systems for drying agricultural food products: A review
Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2010
Developing efficient and cost effective solar dryer with thermal energy storage system for continuous drying of agricultural food products at steady state and moderate temperature (40–75 °C) has become potentially a viable substitute for fossil fuel in much of the developing world. Solar energy storage can reduce the time between energy supply and energy demand, thereby playing a vital role in energy conservation. The rural and urban populations, depend mainly, on non-commercial fuels to meet their energy needs. Solar drying is one possible solution but its acceptance has been limited partially due to some barriers. A great deal of experimental work over the last few decades has already demonstrated that agricultural products can be satisfactorily dehydrated using solar energy. Various designs of small-scale solar dryers having thermal energy storage have been developed in the recent past, mainly for drying agricultural food products. Therefore, in this review paper, an attempt has been taken to summarize the past and current research in the field of thermal energy storage technology in materials as sensible and latent heat in solar dryers for drying of agricultural food products. With the storage unit, agricultural food materials can be dried at late evening, while late evening drying was not possible with a normal solar dryer. So that, solar dryer with storage unit is very beneficial for the humans and as well as for the energy conservation.
Application of Solar In Food Dryer-A Literature Review
Drying is a simultaneous heat and mass transfer energy intensive operation, widely used as a food preservation technique. In view of improper postharvest methods, energy constraint, and environmental impact of conventional drying methods, solar drying could be a practical, economical, and environmentally reliable alternative. Open air solar drying method is used frequently to dry the agricultural products. But this method has some disadvantages. Therefore to avoid disadvantages it is necessary to use the other solar drying methods. Different solar drying methods are direct solar drying, indirect solar drying, and mixed mode solar drying. The device used for drying process with application of solar energy called the Solar dryer. Solar dryer are also classified with mode of air circulation. In this paper, we studied the various modes of solar drying and classification of solar drying techniques.
Review of Solar Dryer for Drying Agricultural Products
— In many countries of the world, the use of solar thermal systems in the agricultural area to dry vegetables, fruits, coffee and other crops has shown to be practical, economical and the responsible approach environmentally. Solar drying systems to dry food and other crops can improve the quality of the product, while reducing wasted produce. Under the module of Advance topics in mechanical engineering projects, we were assigned to design the low cost vegetable dryer. The aim of our project is to determine the drying curve and the change rate of drying by solar energy by taking green beans or peas using an indirect solar dryer operating in forced convection. Solar dryer is not only a process, but it is a technology that helps to obtain products that are better in color, flavor and nutrient content than the open sun dried products. Using this technology farmer can take better price for their products, because the solar dried products are the international standard of market in quality.
2017
In a developing country like India, having the second largest population and agriculture as the source of income to nearly 60 % of the total population, post-harvest and storage loss of agricultural commodities is a major quandary, which needs to be addressed in due diligence. Many food preservation techniques like cold storage, drying, etc. have been evolved out over the years to tackle the above losses. The major constraint is that almost all the technologies are utilizing fossil fuel resources, which are depleting very fast and wise use of these precious resources are preferred for long-term energy sustainability. Therefore, sustainable methods for food preservation are the need of the hour. Solar drying is one of the best choices in this context. This paper presents the design, fabrication and performance evaluation of an indirect forced convection solar dryer consisting of a solar air collector, drying cabinet and a centrifugal blower. The dryer has been designed indigenously u...
Design and development of solar dryer for food preservation
Bangladesh Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research, 2019
Solar thermal energy is an alternative source of energy which can be used for drying vegetables, fishes, fruits or other kinds of material, such as wood. In Bangladesh, there exist significant post-harvest losses of agricultural products due to lack of the use of proper preservation system. Drying by using solar thermal energy can be an effective solution for this loss. As Bangladesh is situated in latitude 23°43’N and longitude 90°26’E, this is very much suitable to use solar thermal energy. To reduce the limitations of the natural sun drying e.g. exposure of the foodstuff to rain and dust; uncontrolled drying; exposure to direct sunlight; infestation by insects etc., two types of solar dryer (low cost solar dryer for small production and solar dryer for large production) were developed. The design was based on the geographical location of Dhaka, Bangladesh. The experiments were conducted to dry vegetables and fishes. The obtained results revealed that the temperatures inside the d...
Solar Drying—A Sustainable Way of Food Processing
In a developing country like India, having the second largest population and agriculture as the source of income to nearly 60 % of the total population, post-harvest and storage loss is a major quandary, which needs to be addressed in due diligence. Many food preservation techniques like cold storage, drying, etc., have been evolved out over the years to tackle the above losses. The major constraint is that almost all the technologies are utilizing fossil fuel resources, which are depleting very fast and wise use of these precious resources are preferred for long-term energy sustainability. Therefore, sustainable methods for food preservation are the need of the hour. Solar drying is one of the best choices in this context. Different models of solar dryers have been developed and good quantum of research is progressing in most of the countries to propagate the solar drying technology for value addition of agriculture products. The solar drying technology is a classical example to showcase how sun’s free energy could be effectively utilized for the benefit of mankind. This chapter explains the different types of dryers, different aspects of solar drying, parameters involved in the drying process and the economic analysis to analyse the feasibility of the solar drying system. Case studies of a few of the successful installations are also included.
Experimental Analysis of Solar Dryer For Agricultural Food Products
The drying of various agricultural food products is from very far old centuries are under a presence of the sun, in this drying process has several demerits also i.e. spoiling to the skin due to a very high hot summer temperature, polluted air, dust and harmful effects of UV radiations. Hence only in the best weather, climatic conditions this process is suitable to the manpower, laborfarmers etc.Due to the cultural and industrial revolutions, the different artificial drying processes havecome into the practice but some of them has ultimate cost and some other parameters. Therefore, by using many more recent ideas and techniques of science we have developed most efficient and successful process of sun drying i.e. "solar dryer." this solar dryer totally utilizes the solar energy to heat up air and dry the agricultural products by gradual removing of moisture content from final product. This paper represents the design, construction and experimentation of a portable solar dryer for various agricultural food preservations. In this solar dryer the heated air from a solar panel is passed through a food net or bed, and also at this time, the drying cabinet or interior absorbs the extra solar energy indirect type from the reflection mirror which we have adjusted newly to it.
CONSRUCTION OF A DIRECT SOLAR DRYER FOR PERISHABLE FARM PRODUCTS
International Journal of Scientific Research Engineering & Technology (IJSRET), 2017
The use of the solar resource for food drying has always been a food preservation technique which is widely practiced in this part of the world but unfortunately some of the methods practiced in the rural areas, have been wrought with many disadvantages few of which are the poor quality of food derived and long drying time due to many external factors. The research looked into construction of a less technical direct solar dryer, which combined the concept of black body and thermodynamics with the aim of increasing the overall drying rate of the dryer. The dryer was designed primarily as a direct solar dryer. A set of selected samples of perishable farm produce were dried with the drier and another set in an open sun in a period of three days and was conducted at the same weather condition. The sample perishable farm produce used were Tomatoes, Okra and onion. The overall performance of the dryer after the total drying time reveals that the drying rate of the solar dryer was 2.1g/h, 3.8g/h, 2.4g/h faster than the open sun drying, and therefore requires less time for drying. This implies that the open sun drying rate is not satisfactory when compare to that of the dryer.
DESIGN AND THERMAL PERFORMANCE OF THE SOLAR BIOMASS HYBRID DRYER FOR CASHEW DRYING
Drying of Cashew nut to remove testa is one of the most energy-intensive processes of cashew nut process industry. For this reason a hybrid dryer consisting of a solar flat plate collector, a biomass heater and a drying chamber is designed and fabricated. 40 kg of Cashew nut with initial moisture of 9 % is used in the experiment. The performance test of the dryer is carried out in two modes of operation: hybridforced convection and hybrid-natural convection. Drying time and drying efficiency during these two modes of operation are estimated and compared with the sun drying. The system is capable of attaining drying temperature between 50º and 70ºC. In the hybrid forced drying, the required moisture content of 3% is achieved within 7 hours and the average system efficiency is estimated as 5.08%. In the hybrid natural drying, the required moisture content is obtained in 9 hours and the average system efficiency is 3.17%. The fuel consumption during the drying process is 0.5 kg/hr and 0.75 kg/hr for forced mode and natural mode, respectively. The drying process in the hybrid forced mode of operation is twice faster than the sun drying. The dryer can be operated in any climatic conditions: as a solar dryer on normal sunny days, as a biomass dryer at night time and as a hybrid dryer on cloudy days. Based on the experimental study, it is concluded that the developed hybrid dryer is suitable for small scale cashew nut farmers in rural areas of developing countries.