Framing Innovation: Negotiating Shared Frames During Early Design Phases (original) (raw)

Exploring framing within a team of industrial design students

How do ideas evolve in the context of collaborative design? This research explores the framing strategies and tools involved in the co-construction of a shared understanding in the early stages of a design project. We observed a team of four industrial design students working to design a popup shop. We found that, while the key design elements of the solution were present from the early stages of discussion, they were continually framed and reframed through intense verbal discussion supported by sketching reflection-in-action (individual or collective) that help each team member make sense about the popup shop branding, user experience, visibility, structure, etc. The design ideas were crystallized at the end of the fourth working session. The research presents the cycle of framing and reframing of ideas that emerged from different symbolic elements associated with a brand, allowing students to design customized, non-standard, impressive and complex forms.

Design Team Framing: Paths and Principles

This paper addresses two major challenges new product development teams face in making a product people want. The first challenge is to frame the design situation based on a real need of a customer. The second, less obvious, challenge is to get everyone on the team in agreement about what that framing is - everyone needs to be on the same page about what it is they're doing. Yet these two challenges are not independent, they are intertwined with each other, connected by the concrete research and sharing activities the teams perform. We introduce a framework to help understand the path of a design team along these two dimensions as well as illustrations of the three most common paths observed among graduate multidisciplinary new product development teams as supported by interviews and survey data. These case studies form the basis of four themes and twelve design principles to help teams navigate the new product development process.

Collaboration and Framing As Dimensions of Design Innovation

This study of student teams learning to design in an engineering course reveals that interaction and framing are important dimensions for understanding innovative design. By employing social network analysis to incorporate interaction within statistical models, it is apparent that teams viewed early as having innovative ideas, who score higher on perspective-taking and who have higher team cohesion, tend to produce more innovative final designs. Case studies suggest that for iteration to lead to productive design innovation it should be framed as practical, design activity rather than as scientific or theoretical activity

Effective Framing in Design

Successful New Product Development (NPD) is a challenging activity with only 30% of new products making it to their second year on the shelves. My goal in this thesis has been to improve the success rate of new product introduction. One way NPD teams improve their chance of success is by creating a product for unmet user needs. These user needs are best identified through primary research with potential consumers by the design team. NPD also requires a diverse range of skills including business and marketing, engineering, manufacturing and industrial design. Yet team members with these skills bring with them different values, perspectives and interests that cause them to see different things as important. Although the diversity of skills is key to developing the product, the different perspectives cause difficulties when the team is still deciding on what it is that users really need and what it is they should make. In this thesis I characterize these two important challenges facing design teams in their struggle to develop successful products: 1) the team must frame the design challenge around real user needs – to figure out what people want; and 2) the multidisciplinary team must come to agreement about this framing. Through studies of over 60 graduate NPD teams and an industry case study I characterize the role that this design team framing plays in successful NPD and propose a model to help understand how design teams negotiate towards a shared understanding of the design situation. Through a better understanding of these two dimensions and an investigation of an important framing tool, metaphor, I am able to present a set of guidelines and practices to help NPD teams navigate these difficult design phases.