Regulatory protection of Asian elephants in Peninsular Malaysia and Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) (original) (raw)
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Canadian Social Science, 2020
The research focused on understanding the effectiveness and applicability of CITES in curbing elephant poaching in Zimbabwe. CITES regulates international legal trade in ivory in an effort to curb poaching and this is addressed by the theory of complex interdependence. Signatory states adhere to the provisions of CITES but with all this in place elephant poaching is on the rise across Africa and Zimbabwe in particular. Zimbabwe relies on wildlife for tourism thus the threat to extinction is a threat to national revenue. Key informants were purposively sampled and documentary research was used for the case study. The main findings were that poaching Zimbabwe has become very rampant in the past few years with highest numbers recorded between 2012 and 2015. This has been attributed to the economics of demand and supply where high demand for ivory in Asian markets with countries such as China becoming the world’s largest destination market for illegal ivory. On the supply side, Zimbabwe...
Threats to the Conservation of Asian Elephants: A review study
Journal of Governance and Development, 2016
The paper aims to examine the main threats to the conservation of the Asian elephants and identify the factors associated to these threats and their implications for the Asian elephants. We compiled and reviewed journal articles published between 2004 and 2014. We carried out a search using Science Direct, Springer Link, and Gajah. The information obtained was interpreted using thematic content analysis. According to the findings, the main threats to Asian elephants were habitat loss and fragmentation, human-elephant conflict (HEC), poaching and accidents. The rapid conversion of forests into plantations and human-dominated areas, including infrastructure developments, had reduced and fragmentised elephants’ habitat and home range. As a result, elephants caused conflicts in the forms of crop raidings, property damages, human or elephants’ injuries or deaths. The high demand and monetary return from elephant body parts trafficking, particularly ivory, are the main reasons that threatened elephant population. The fragmentation of elephants’ habitat due to conversion of forests into plantations, human-dominated areas and infrastructures developments also increased poachers’ accessibility. Furthermore, the study found that poverty and corruption also contributes to elephant poaching. Besides that, literature also shows that snare injuries, HEC, abandoned mining areas and train movements were causes to accidents that threatened elephants.
Sürdürülebilir Çevre Dergisi, 2023
The African elephant (Loxodanta africana) is regulated under the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora, and as a rule, international trade of it and of its parts such as ivory is banned. Throughout this study, the international ban on the trade of ivory is critically assessed as to whether it is consistent with the principles of sustainable development. The definition, scope and principles of sustainable development are already controversial in environmental politics. In this paper, the principles of sustainable development are regarded as sustainable use, equity, common but differentiated responsibilities, participation, good governance, integrity and precautionary principles in line with New Delhi Declaration of Principles of International Law Relating to Sustainable Development. In this paper, it is argued that the international ban on the trade of ivory is not consistent with these principles since it disregards sustainable use of natural resources, equity, needs and participation of local people, necessity of good governance and integration of different policy areas. While resorting to a trade ban might seem feasible as an alternative to taking environmental risks within the framework of the precautionary principle, this principle alone does not constitute the sole basis for a trade ban.