3D analytical prediction of building damage due to ground subsidence produced by tunneling (original) (raw)
Related papers
IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics - IEEE TRANS CONSUM ELECTRON, 2012
The assessment of settlement induced damage on buildings during the preliminary phase of tunnel excavation projects, is nowadays receiving greater attention. Analyses at different levels of detail are performed on the surface building in proximity to the tunnel, to evaluate the risk of structural damage and the need of mitigation measures. In this paper, the possibility to define a correlation between the main parameters that influence the structural response to settlement and the potential damage is investigated through numerical analysis. The adopted 3D finite element model allows to take into account important features that are neglected in more simplified approaches, like the soil-structure interaction, the nonlinear behaviour of the building, the three dimensional effect of the tunnelling induced settlement trough and the influence of openings in the structure. Aim of this approach is the development of an improved classification system taking into account the intrinsic vulnerability of the structure, which could have a relevant effect on the final damage assessment. Parametrical analyses are performed, focusing on the effect of the orientation and the position of the structure with respect to the tunnel. The obtained results in terms of damage are compared with the Building Risk Assessment (BRA) procedure. This method was developed by Geodata Engineering (GDE) on the basis of empirical observations and building monitoring and applied during the construction of different metro lines in urban environment. The comparison shows a substantial agreement between the two procedures on the influence of the analyzed parameters. The finite element analyses suggest a refinement of the BRA procedure for pure sagging conditions.
A Review Paper on Numerical Modelling of Building Response to Underground Tunneling
2020
Numerous attempts have been done to predict and subsequently control the tunnelinginduced ground movements due to the fact that the number of tunnels in urban areas is increasing. However, existing methods are faced with some limitations and cannot take into account of all the influential parameters in creating surface settlements. As a result, in many cases, the existing methods are not accurate enough, whereas prediction of the exact amount of the maximum surface settlement and the shape of settlement troughs is important to estimate the potential risk of building damage induced by tunneling. Empirically derived relationships have been mainly developed based on field observations obtained from hand mines or tunnels excavated using open faced shields. Therefore, these methods mainly consider more of geological conditions than tunneling operational parameters. Although these methods provide satisfactory results in determining settlement troughs, they tend to be misleading in estimat...
Case Study of Damage on Masonry Buildings Produced by Tunneling Induced Settlements
International Journal of Architectural Heritage, 2014
This paper analyzes the structural response of a group of masonry buildings subjected to real ground movements experienced during the construction of the L9 Metro tunnel in Barcelona, bored by a Tunnel Boring Machine (TBM)-Earth Pressure Balance Machine (EPB). The studied one-storey small dwellings represent a common building typology frequently used in those days in Barcelona's outskirts (more than 1000 were erected). Real settlement profiles are compared with the ones provided by empirical methods, which estimate the shape and the area of the trough according to the ground properties and the volume loss (inherent to the tunneling construction method). The first aim of the paper is to evaluate the effectiveness of two techniques used to predict damages in buildings resulting from tunneling subsidence: 1) the 'equivalent beam' and its subsequent refinements, and 2) the appliance of a non-linear Finite Element macro-model. The real structural damage presented in the buildings is compared with the predictions given by this two methods. Main model parameters have been determined by means of characterization experiments developed on the site and in the laboratory, thus giving a much higher significance to the analysis. The obtained predictions present a high correspondence with the actual damage registered, particularly in crack pattern and in crack widths.
IRJET- A REVIEW PAPER ON NUMERICAL MODELLING OF BUILDING RESPONSE TO UNDERGROUND TUNNELING
IRJET, 2020
Numerous attempts have been done to predict and subsequently control the tunneling-induced ground movements due to the fact that the number of tunnels in urban areas is increasing. However, existing methods are faced with some limitations and cannot take into account of all the influential parameters in creating surface settlements. As a result, in many cases, the existing methods are not accurate enough, whereas prediction of the exact amount of the maximum surface settlement and the shape of settlement troughs is important to estimate the potential risk of building damage induced by tunneling. Empirically derived relationships have been mainly developed based on field observations obtained from hand mines or tunnels excavated using open faced shields. Therefore, these methods mainly consider more of geological conditions than tunneling operational parameters. Although these methods provide satisfactory results in determining settlement troughs, they tend to be misleading in estimating maximum surface settlement. Analytical methods assume ground as an initially isotropic, incompressible and homogeneous mass. These methods have been only developed for circular tunnels and therefore are inapplicable for noncircular tunnels under invariant geological conditions. Finite element simulation usually obtains the settlement troughs shallower and wider than the field observations (Lee and Rowe
An equivalent beam model for the analysis of tunnel-building interaction
Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, 2011
The aim of this work is to study the effect of structural characteristics, including stiffness, geometry and weight on tunnel-adjacent structure interaction. Ground materials, tunnel geometry and excavator device are related to a part of metro tunnel of Tehran. To describe the ground behavior due to tunneling, a 3D FE code with an elastoplastic soil model was used. The adjacent building was modeled in two ways: one as an equivalent beam or shell and the other as a real geometry (3D frames). The obtained results from this theoretical work indicate particularly that the stiffness of adjacent structure controls the ground movement distribution induced by tunnel excavation which in agree with other researchers. As it was predicatively, increasing in structure weight leads to create the large displacement components in the ground. The structure width plays also a significant role in displacement distribution of ground. The comparison of the obtained results using two methods of structure modeling shows a very good conformity between them.
Lecture notes in civil engineering, 2021
Underground construction activities, such as tunnelling, cause local ground movements to occur. Nearby surface structures interact with the moving ground, potentially leading to building damage. Although it is understood that the severity of building damage is influenced by the façade opening ratio (OpR) and the stiffness of the floors, experimental work in this area is lacking. This paper describes the specification and design of an experimental campaign on brick masonry buildings subjected to vertical base movements. The specimens are half-scale models of walls of two-storey buildings; models with different window arrangements and with/without floor slabs are examined. To design the experimental setup, 3D finite element analyses of the model walls were conducted. Key analysis results, presented in this paper, indicate how the examined structural properties (OpR, building weight, floor stiffness) are expected to influence the patterns of damage in the masonry. The finite element results are also used to design an instrumentation system comprising Fibre Bragg Grating (FBG) sensors and a digital image correlation (DIC) system. Data from the tests will support the formulation and validation of structural models for predicting tunnelling-induced damage in masonry buildings.
2021
The development of urban mobility implies the construction of tunnels, often interacting with valuable historical structures. It is thus necessary to develop rational and reliable procedures to estimate the potential excavation-induced damage, dealing with complex soil-structure interaction problems. Classical approaches are often characterised by relatively simple schematisations for either one or both components of the problem, as, for example, springs for the soil or equivalent plates for the structure. Such simplified assumptions prove to be appropriate for simple soil-foundation cases, while show several limitations when tackling more complex problems, as those involving the excavation in the vicinity or beneath historical masonry structure. In such cases, the need for reliable prediction of the potential damage on surface structures induced by construction activities justifies the adoption of advanced numerical approaches. These need to be based on realistic constitutive assumptions for both soils and masonry elements and require the definition of the three-dimensional geometry as well as an accurate modelling schematisation of the excavation process. In this paper a 3D Finite Element approach is proposed to model in detail the excavation of twin tunnels, accounting for the strongly non-linear soil behaviour, interacting with monumental masonry structures, carefully modelling their geometry and non-linear anisotropic mechanical behaviour. The work focuses on a specific case-study related to the ongoing construction of the line C of Rome underground.
Analysis of a Tunnel Structure Subsidence Risk A case study from Tehran, Iran
Tunnel construction in highly populated and busy cities has to be executed with utmost care. When a tunnel is excavated, there will be subsidence, which may cause damage to surface at structures. Mellat tunnel with a length of 3 km is considered for Tehran city (12,000,000 populations). Thus, in this paper, a Finite Element Method analysis was conducted to investigate the effects of a tunnel on the subsidence. The tunnel of the Tehran, Iran, will pass near the under buildings. It was constructed in accordance with the Sequential Excavation Model (SEM).Distance between the tunnel crown and the building foundation will probably cause collapse or unallowable subsidence during the tunnel construction. In this paper, a method of risk level assessment for structures is defined on based the building conditions, such as frame and foundation type, number of floors. Moreover, the value of the structure subsidence is estimated using numerical methods for a Bank building. The subsidence risk level of the Bank building structure is determined based on presented definitions about risk classification. Consequently, finite element analyses results had shown the maximum subsidence of bank building is equal to 9 cm on the right corner of bottom and tunneling processes in this section need a special monitoring system and consolidation measures before the passage of the tunnel under building.
Building response to tunnelling
Soils and Foundations, 2014
Understanding how buildings respond to tunnelling-induced ground movements is an area of great importance for urban tunnelling projects, particularly for risk management. In this paper, observations of building response to tunnelling, from both centrifuge modelling and a field study in Bologna, are used to identify mechanisms governing the soil-structure interaction. Centrifuge modelling was carried out on an 8-m-diameter beam centrifuge at Cambridge University, with buildings being modelled as highly simplified elastic and inelastic beams of varying stiffness and geometry. The Bologna case study presents the response of two different buildings to the construction of a sprayed concrete lining (SCL) tunnel, 12 m in diameter, with jet grouting and face reinforcement. In both studies, a comparison of the building settlement and horizontal displacement profiles, with the greenfield ground movements, enables the soil structure interaction to be quantified. Encouraging agreement between the modification to the greenfield settlement profile, displayed by the buildings, and estimates made from existing predictive tools is observed. Similarly, both studies indicate that the horizontal strains, induced in the buildings, are typically at least an order of magnitude smaller than the greenfield values. This is consistent with observations in the literature. The potential modification to the settlement distortions is shown to have significant implications on the estimated level of damage. Potential issues for infrastructures connected to buildings, arising from the embedment of rigid buildings into the soil, are also highlighted.