Control of Combined Storage and Generation in Distributed Energy Resources (original) (raw)
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Energy storage systems supporting increased penetration of renewables in islanded systems
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Nowadays, with the large-scale penetration of distributed and renewable energy resources, Energy Storage (ES) stands out for its ability of adding flexibility, controlling intermittence and providing backup generation to electrical networks. It represents the critical link between the energy supply and demand chains, being a key element for increasing the role and attractiveness of renewable generation into the power grid, providing also numerous technical and economic benefits to the power system stakeholders. On islanded systems and micro-grids, being updated about the state-of-the-art of ES systems and their benefits becomes even more relevant. Hence, in the present paper a comprehensive study and analysis of ES leading technologies' main assets, research issues, global market figures, economic benefits and technical applications is provided. Special emphasis is given to ES on islands, as a new contribution to earlier studies, addressing their particular requirements, the most appropriate technologies and existing operating projects throughout the world.
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Book Chapter On Control of Energy Storage Systems in Microgrids
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The traditional energy structure highly depending on fossil fuels such as coal and oil has become a major concern of climate change and air pollution in modern society. These environme nta l concerns and energy crises of fossil fuels lead to the rapid development of renewable energy technologies [1], [2]. A large number of renewable energy sources (RESs) together with energy storage systems (ESSs) have been penetrated into existing power systems especially distributio n sides through power electronics interfaces. The power generation becomes more and more decentralized other than the conventional centralized generation, which results in the concept of distributed generation. In power distribution systems, a cluster of demand-side loads and distributed energy resources can be connected and disconnected from the main grid to operate in grid-connected or islanded mode. These small-scale power systems are named as microgrids. The original idea of microgrids emerges at the beginning of this century, which aims to benefit the integration of distributed generators (DGs) and enhance grid resilience [3]. In grid-connected mode, the microgrid can be viewed as one entity, which exchanges power with the main grid to realize energy trading and provide ancillary services [4], [5]. In the islanded mode, the major target of the microgrid is to maintain local generation/demand balance, while providing stable and high-qua lity power supply [6]. According to the current flow, microgrids are usually categorized into alternative current (AC), direct current (DC), and hybrid AC/DC microgrids [7], [8]. The residentia l, commercial, and industry microgrids have been built all over the world to benefit the renewable penetrations, grid resilience enhancement as well as traffic electrification [9]-[11].
2014 IEEE PES T&D Conference and Exposition, 2014
A successful deployment of electrical energy storage (EES) in current electricity grid systems is a plausible episode in several power systems given the outstanding technical, economic and environmental benefits that EES provides. Also, more distributed resources are becoming key actors in remotely located renewable energy based and poorly interconnected island grid systems. Healing these fragile grid systems in islands requires devising and promoting a robust grid system operation. Such move should go hand in hand with an increasing distributed energy resource use to guarantee sustainable renewable energy integration into these systems. In the present document, EES technologies and applications have been compiled, where special emphasis has been given on islands, studying their particular requirements and technology appropriateness on operating project experiences around the world, from which some lessons can be learned. Conclusions about EES technologies' general suitability on island systems are duly drawn throughout the content of this paper.