Belgian reflections on the dialogue of the deaf (original) (raw)
Related papers
2009
Final draft of paper subsequently published as: We celebrate this, the 10th Anniversary of Police Research and Practice, with a Special Issue that does what this remarkable journal has been doing since its inception. Accordingly, we bring together commentaries that reflect upon the state of police (and policing) across the globe and upon associated forms of policing scholarship. Given constraints of space we are only able to take a selective -albeit a discriminating -peek at the present range of policing scholarship and practice. In doing so, we offer contributions from Africa, Australia, South and Central America, China, Europe, and the USA. It is an honor for us, as guest editors, to bring together these thoughtful contributions as a way of celebrating this special anniversary and, of course, the vital work that its editors and Editorial Board have done over the past decade. We begin with an insightful review of the nature of the relationship between policing research and practice by Christine Nixon, arguably one of the most exciting and innovative contemporary police executives, and David Bradley, who has for a very long time been challenging police and scholars to engage with one another. They conclude that irrespective of whether policing scholars have adopted a critical or an intentionally supportive role of their research, their engagement with police has been very much a 'Dialogue of the Deaf.' This situation, they argue, is not one that we should be willing to accept either as scholars or as policing practitioners -and they make clear that it is certainly not a situation that the Victoria Police has been willing to accept. They describe the Victoria Police as an organization that has decided to take full advantage of what the academic world has to offer policing; and write of its intention to 'put greater emphasis on the role of robust theory and evidence' in formulating policy and operational practices. As a way out of the dialogue of the deaf, especially in relation to the intentionally supportive rather than critical research tradition, Bradley and Nixon argue for a new methodology of engagement between researchers and police practitioners - a methodology that is built on establishing 'long--term partnerships between police and academics.' It is precisely such partnerships that Bradley and Nixon have been actively developing in the state of Victoria. What they have sought to accomplish is nothing short of 'full collaborative partnerships' between police and researchers 'throughout the whole process of knowledge generation, validation, diffusion, and use.' In the 20 partnerships that the Victoria Police has established with university--based researchers the aim has not simply been the production of suitable research products, but the invention of a new methodology for scholarly/practitioner relations. What they have sought to accomplish is not simply a continuation of the existing trajectories of policing research and practice but a reconfiguration of the connection between the two: a reconfiguration that reflects the values of this journal as it enters its second decade. In the second paper, Peter Neyroud, a renowned British Chief Constable, now Chief Executive of the recently established National Police Improvement Agency (NPIA), shifts our focus from Australia to Britain -a terrain where much research and thinking along the lines that Bradley and Nixon identify has taken place. Neyroud looks at how the National Improvement Strategy for Policing (NISP) is developing and in the course of doing so explores how research is being used to design, define, monitor, and develop its strategic interventions. In order to do this, he draws upon a number of case studies to explore both evidence--based policing and the policy process around policing in England and Wales. The paper begins by reviewing 20 years of what the author terms 'frenetic activity' in respect of police reform; first under the Thatcher administrations (where emphasis was placed on efficiency mechanisms, performance by objectives, and enhanced scrutiny of the service)
VAL. UL REV., 2011
are attorneys in the Disability Law Center at New York Lawyers for the Public Interest, Inc. ("NYLPI") (www.nylpi.org). We thank our friends and community partners who inspired us to write this Article-those who embody the principles of community lawyering we seek to advance through this Article, and who have joined us in forming a coalition ("Coalition") (discussed further in Part VI.A) dedicated to improving the interactions between D/deaf individuals and the New York City Police Department ("NYPD"). We also thank everyone who helped in the development of this Article. Specifically, we thank Megan Cunningham, Darren Guild, Hayley Koteen, and Kate Richardson for their outstanding research and editing assistance; Nisha Agarwal, Ryan Borgen, Miranda Massie, Roshan Shah, and members of our Coalition for their valuable feedback on earlier drafts; the editors of the Valparaiso University Law Review for their helpful assistance in editing; and NYLPI for its support.
Developing a Linguistically Informed Approach to Police Interviewing
Sociolinguistics: Application and Impact
Nicci MacLeod -ORCID number 0000-0002-6642-5509 Kate Haworth -ORCID number 0000-0002-3446-8838 good practice as well as instigating a general awareness of the effects of particular discursive choices. Further to this, we involve the participantspracticing police IRsat every stage of the process. Since language is the primary medium through which the daily working activities of organisations are conducted (Drew and Heritage 1992), it is clear that sociolinguistic research has an important role to play in the development of best practice. We hope that our efforts will encourage other sociolinguistic researchers to view the police service and similar organisations as potential sites for meaningful collaboration and engagement.
Issues of the Qualitative Research on Police Communication
Pro Publico Bono - Magyar Közigazgatás
Fundamentally, researching police communications exists on the boundary of two young sciences that have won independent recognition nearly simultaneously. Géza Finszter, the President of the Police Science subcommittee of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, has given voice to his concern in recent years that the police is uncovering the dysfunctions of its organization by employing authoritarian communications and citing secrecy considerations, thereby inhibiting the transformation of the police into a high status occupation, cooperation with the citizenry, and the creation of mutual trust. 2 In this article, I am going to review the history and opportunities, as well as the challenges of research in police communications; what dilemmas the communications researcher must face in the diversity of methodologies.
Scandinavian Journal of Disability Research, 2014
The UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities was ratified in Norway, June 2013. Nordic countries are generally associated with the promotion of human rights as well as disability rights. The Rule of Law Index from the World Justice Project ranks the Nordic countries among the top nations when it comes to high standards of justice (both civil and criminal justice) and rule of law. However, there are also well-known examples of grave miscarriages of justice in cases where disabled people have been involved. These cases address issues of access to justice and questions barriers to effective communication in criminal justice. Taking the situation of deaf people in Norway as a case, this study asks what barriers deaf people face when reporting a crime, being accused of a crime or being a witness in court. The methodological approach is semi-structured, open-ended interviews with deaf persons, professional sign language interpreters, judges, prosecutors, police officers and lawyers. All the informants have personal experiences from encounters between deaf people and the criminal justice system. This paper discusses this situation in terms of language and communication problems, access to justice, non-discrimination and equal recognition before the law.
Effective Deaf Access to Justice
This article reports on findings from a qualitative study that explored the experiences of eight deaf participants in interacting with the justice system in Northern Ireland. The study was spurred by anecdotal evidence of challenges facing members of the Deaf community in obtaining access to solicitors. The UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, to which the United Kingdom is a State Party, requires providers of goods, facilities, and services, which include solicitors, to provide effective communication access to deaf people seeking their services on an equal basis with non-disabled people. The
Translation and Interpreting: the International Journal of Translation and Interpreting Research, 2020
This study engages in research of interpreting as a socially-situated practice and explores two main foci: police officers’ experiences of interpreting and the factors shaping decision-making regarding the means of language support they use to communicate with non-native speakers of English. Given its pivotal role in any investigation, most police interpreting research has focused on investigative interviews. The work carried out by police officers and interpreters in police settings involves a wide range of communicative scenarios inside and outside the police station. Drawing on a thematic analysis of data gathered through focus groups, this study explores police officers’ experiences in interacting with non-native speakers of English across the various scenarios that are part of community and response officers’ day-to-day operations, and examines the factors shaping officers’ decision to book an interpreter or to resort to other means to communicate when a language barrier is identified. Officers highlighted the key role of interpreters in enabling communication, issues related to practicalities when booking an interpreter, and reported on the difficulties associated with telephone interpreting. The discussions illustrate the range of means used by police officers while on duty, the impact of linguistic and non-linguistic factors on the decision-making process, such as the urgency of a given situation, and the findings corroborate the complexity of assessing proficiency. Whereas, overall, officers showed a high degree of awareness of language and communication aspects, the need for more informed guidance on the potential risks of different types of solutions emerged as a pattern in the discussions.
Assessing Linguistic Diversity in Deaf Criminal Suspects
Sign Language Studies, 2002
Most profoundly deaf children are born into hearing families and often are not exposed to accessible (visualgestural) language within the home environment. Much incidental communication and instruction is missed as a result. This is a qualitative study evaluating the impact of communication barriers on ten deaf, incarcerated offenders whose primary mode of communication is sign language. Participants represent a range of ages, communication histories, and language abilities. Through interviews, participants' experiences in the home, at school, and in the prison environment were discussed. Study results indicate that common experiences of profoundly deaf, adult signing offenders are restricted early access to communication beyond routine activities, lack of signing male role models, being overlooked or faking success in school, and a need for continuing awareness and responsiveness to the communication needs of deaf offenders.