The effect of a doubly modified carbon nanotube derivative on the microstructure of epoxy resin (original) (raw)
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Journal of Polymer Science Part B-polymer Physics, 2009
A new compatibilizer, poly(vinyl benzyloxy ethyl naphthalene)-graft-poly(methyl methacrylate), for poly(styrene-coacrylonirile) (SAN)/multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) composites was synthesized. It has been identified that naphthalene unit in backbone of compatibilizer interacts with MWCNTs via pAp interaction and that the PMMA graft of the compatibilizer is miscible with the SAN matrix. When a small amount of compatibilizer was added to SAN/MWCNT composites, MWCNTs were more homogeneously dispersed in SAN matrix than the case without compatibilizer, indicating that the compatibilizer improves the compatibility between SAN and MWCNTs. As a consequence, mechanical and electrical properties of the composites with compatibilizer were largely improved as compared with those of composites without compatibilizer. V C 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 48: 4184-4191, 2010
Mechanical and barrier properties of epoxy resin filled with multi-walled carbon nanotubes
Carbon, 2009
Different multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) concentrations were incorporated in an epoxy resin and both the epoxy precursor and the composite were cured at 110°C with a tertiary amine. Infrared spectroscopy was used to follow the curing progress by determining the decrease of the band due to the epoxy group. It was shown that the presence of MWCNTs accelerates the process, halving the time for the disappearance of the epoxy band. Atomic force microscopy demonstrated that the carbon nanotubes are well embedded in the epoxy matrix and singularly dispersed or in bundles, depending on their concentration. As a consequence of the good dispersion and interpenetration of the carbon nanotubes in the epoxy matrix, the glass transition temperature increased with increasing MWCNT concentration. Dynamic-mechanical analysis indicated a higher elastic modulus, particularly at high temperatures. The study of the transport properties, sorption and diffusion of water vapour at different activities, showed improved barrier properties on increasing the CNT concentration.
Effect of carbon nanotubes addition on the mechanical and thermal properties of epoxy matrices
Materials Research-ibero-american Journal of Materials, 2008
In this work, nanocomposites were prepared by adding a small amount of single walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) to an epoxy resin aiming to study the resulting mechanical, viscoelastic and thermal properties of the nanocomposites. To optimize the processing of the nanocomposites and to favor a homogeneous dispersion of the SWCNTs on the matrix, acetone was used to reduce resin viscosity, increasing diffusion of the SWCNTs in the solution. The epoxy/SWCNTs/acetone systems were also sonicated in order to minimize entanglement of the SWCNTs. The systems were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, thermogravimetry, differential scanning calorimetry and dynamic mechanical analysis. The results indicated that the addition of small amounts of SWCNTs to epoxy leads to slight structural changes in the epoxy matrix which, together with the presence of SWCNTs, may reflect on its mechanical and viscoelastic properties
Polymer Composites, 2013
The processing of carbon nanotube based nanocomposites is one of the fastest growing areas in materials research due to the potential of significantly changing material properties even at low carbon nanotube concentrations. The aim of our work is to study the curing and thermomechanical behavior of carbon nanotubeepoxy nanocomposites that are critical from an application standpoint. Multiwall carbon nanotubes-epoxy composites are prepared by solvent evaporation based on a commercially available epoxy system and functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes. Three weight ratio configurations are considered (0.1, 0.5, and 1.0 wt%) and compared to both the neat epoxy to investigate the nano-enrichment effect. We focus here on the modification of the curing behavior of the epoxy polymer in the presence of carbon nanotubes. It has been observed that introducing the multiwall carbon nanotubes delays the polymerization process as revealed by the modification of the activation energy obtained by differential scanning calorimetry. The viscoelastic response of the nanocomposites was studied from the measurements of storage modulus and the loss factor using dynamic mechanical analysis to evaluate the effect of the interface in each matrix=carbon nanotube system with changing matrix mobility. These measurements provide indications about the increase in the storage modulus of the composites, shift in the glass transition temperature due to the restriction of polymer chain movement by carbon nanotubes. POLYM. COM
2008
The incorporation of functionalized carbon nanotubes in a polymer matrix is expected to greatly enhance the physical and mechanical properties of the polymer due to inherent superior properties of carbon nanotubes (CNTs): high modulus and strength, high thermal stability and enhanced electrical conductivity. Nanocomposite materials based on epoxy polymer matrix and different types of functionalized carbon nanotubes were synthesized. The effect of CNTs on dynamic mechanical properties by DMA, on curing process by DSC and themostability by TGA and DTG were studied. The system based on diglycidylether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) cured with a polyetheramine (D230) and reinforced with amino-functionalized doublewall carbon nanotubes (DWNT-NH 2 ) showed lower T g values. SEM images reveal an enhance of dispersion if amino-functionalized CNTs are used.
In this present study surface modified Multi walled Carbon nanotube reinforced epoxy resin along with carbon fibre was fabricated and studied. The principal aim of this work is to reduce cluster formation by surface modification of carbon nano tubes. Surface modification was carried out by 3-aminopropyletrimethoxysilane with aqueous solution method. Surface modified carbon nano tubes were mixed into epoxy matrix by sonication process with 24KHz. Carbon fibre fabric was laid along with epoxy matrix in suitable wtume ratio 40% and composites were prepared by compression moulding technique. Different weight percentages of 0.3%, 0.6%, 0.9%, 1.2% and 1.5%of MWCNT were reinforced with epoxy matrix to evaluate the significant need of filler addition on matrix. Samples were cured by room temperature for 24 Hrs.The tensile, flexural, impact,hardness and inter laminar shear strength tests shows the surface modified MWCNT/Carbon fibre reinforced epoxy composites gives better results than unmodified MWCNT/carbon fibre reinforced epoxy resin composites. The TGA results shows modified MWCNT/carbon fibre epoxy resin composite gives maximum delay in degradation.Scanning electron microscope images revealed that the dispersion of surface modified MWCNT on epoxy matrix was better at high frequecny sonication than unmodified MWCNT/epoxy system.
Surface Activation Of Carbon Nanotubes Generating A Chemical Interaction In Epoxy Nanocomposite
2015
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are known for having high elastic properties with high surface area that promote them as good candidates for reinforcing polymeric matrices. In composite materials, CNTs lack chemical bonding with the surrounding matrix which decreases the possibility of better stress transfer between the components. In this work, a chemical treatment for activating the surface of the multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) was applied and the effect of this functionalization on the elastic properties of the epoxy nanocomposites was studied. Functional amino-groups were added to the surface of the CNTs and it was evaluated to be about 34% of the total weight of the CNTs. Elastic modulus was found to increase by about 40% of the neat epoxy resin at CNTs' weight fraction of 0.5%. The elastic modulus was found to decrease after reaching a certain concentration of CNTs which was found to be 1% wt. The scanning electron microscopic pictures showed the effect of the CNTs on the cra...
Macromolecular Symposia, 2008
Nanocomposites of multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT)/bis-phenol A type epoxy resin were prepared and physical properties of the nanocomposites were investigated. For the fine dispersion of MWCNT in the epoxy resin, MWCNT was modified with pyrene butyric acid (PBA) in the supercritical carbon dioxide (CO 2). The physical adsorption of PBA on the surface of MWCNTs was studied with a thermogravimetric analyzer and a transmission electron microscopy. The electrical surface resistivities of the nanocomposites showed threshold decreases due to percolations above the critical concentration of the MWCNT. The resistivities showed maximum depending on the concentration and the modification of the surface of the MWCNT with PBA. It is postulated that the dispersion of the MWCNT in epoxy resins resulted in dispersion systems which exhibit rheological properties similar to lyotropic liquid crystalline polymers. The surface resistivities of the MWCNT/epoxy systems reflected the morphological characteristics of the systems which also determined rheological properties of the systems.
Epoxy composites with carbon nanotubes
In the work viscosity, curing process of epoxy resins, electrical conductivity and mechanical strength of epoxy composites with carbon nanotubes were investigated. As a component was used Epidian 6 epoxy resin cured with 1-buthylimidazole by anionic polymerization. Compositions with nanofillers were prepared by sonification of multiwall carbon nanotubes (BAYTUBES 150 P and BAYTUBES 150 HP) in epoxy resin without any solvent. The morphology of prepared nanocomposites was examined by using SEM . Scanning electron microscopy confirms good dispersion of CNTs, but the presence of agglomerates is also identified. Viscosity of compositions with two kind of carbon nanotubes was established by means of ARES rheometer. Curing process with ARES rheometer and DSC was investigated. Bending strengths and electrical conductivity were performed on composites made of an epoxy resin loaded with 0.1, 0.2, 0.5, 1 and 2 wt.% both types of MWNTs. The incorporation of MWCNT to epoxy resin results in a sha...