A Management Model for Improve the Governance of Protected Areas since an Institutional Perspective and an Empirical Case in a Spanish Natural Park (original) (raw)
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2020
The success of Protected Areas (PA) depends on the type of governance practiced and the establishment of environmental management instruments. The management of CUs in Brazil is supposed to be participative and shared, but its execution is a challenge for environmental agencies. Therefore, the main purpose of this paper was to present the perception of the management councils about the management model practiced in the Area of Relevant Ecological Interest (ARIE, in Portuguese) "Manguezais da Foz do Rio Mamanguape/PB" and the Environmental Protection Area (APA, in Portuguese) of "Barra do Rio Mamanguape/PB". Characterized as a qualitative research, the methodological instruments included participant observation techniques and semistructured interviews. The investigation subjects were the representatives of the management council of the APA/ARIE. The results revealed a legally participative management, although the council is described as immature, without identity, messed up, and, occasionally, egocentric, because of the low representativeness and cohesion of the group. Among other factors that hinder the execution of a participative and shared management model in the PA, the analysis showed a low councilor's participation in meetings and assemblies, also a centralizing behavior of the ICMBIO (institution responsible for managing the protected area), as well as multiple interests and power relations that exist in the group.
A systemic perspective on sustainable governance of protected areas
eco.mont - Volume 6, Number 1, January 2014
This paper discusses systemic aspects of protected area research with a particular focus on systemic governance. Protected areas are embedded within a dynamic system of socioeconomic-ecological interactions on various geographical, value-ethical, cultural and political scales. For example, recent energy politics exacerbates existing pressures on land use for renewable energy generation and challenges the goals and objectives of protection categories. The category or classification of a protected area according to the IUCN framework is influenced by the regional political and cultural differentiations, which concern all aspects of protected areas in their social, ecological and economic interactions. The category has an influence on how the local population is affected or benefits from the protection of an area, and what kind of visitors are coming to or engaging with the protected area. The category is also influenced by the acceptance of the local population and visitors or tourists. Protected areas increasingly operate as multifunctionally managed areas where visitors and inhabitants are integrated into the management concept. Category groups have a decisive and inverse influence on visitor management and protected area governance, which itself is steered by political and cultural characteristics. Changing value ethics of visitors affect the governance of protected areas and new partnerships need to be built for their sustainable management. This paper synthesizes such systemic aspects in a mountain context and concludes with an outline for future research.
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Journal of Environmental Planning and Management, 2018
This paper addresses the challenge of appropriate governance of complexity and diversity in the Dutch national park of Alde Feanen. The issue is how to enhance ecosystem resilience. Our focus relates to a navigable waterway within the park that affects the natural values of the area. The governance assessment tool is used to assess the governance context of the waterway and ecosystem resilience in the area. The study shows that a lack of a long-term integrated vision makes the governance context less supportive. Such a vision could maximize the focus on the resilience of the park's nature and motivate actors to work towards a common future for a concerned area. However, institutional complexity, combined with institutional inertia, is revealed as a hindrance to the quality of governance and shapes a weak ability to adapt the current situation to move towards resilience.
A critical review of multi-criteria decision making in protected areas
Economía agraria y recursos naturales, 2016
Multi-criteria analysis in collaborative decision making can provide a useful tool to improve the governance in protected areas with strong conflicts between stakeholders. This paper offers an in-depth review about MCDM methods in protected areas. The analysis considers the topics Land Use, Management, Species, and Zoning and it is based in two dimensions: Methods and Participation. Topics and MCDM methods and Topics and Participation were significantly related and contrasted using a Chisquared test, respectively. We have identified two groups by topics: Zoning and Species use continuous non participative methods and Land Use and Management use discrete methods with increasing participation.
PARKS, 2020
Private protected areas (PPAs) are considered a promising governance conservation tool to complement public-run protected areas. Despite their promotion in national and international environmental agendas and increased adoption worldwide, there has been little research on the overarching implications of their implementation. This paper introduces a framework to explore the suitability of the institutional arrangements of PPAs to enhance nature conservation whilst meeting societal needs. To do so, we draw on the literature on socio-ecological systems incorporating insights from critical perspectives on agency and power. The resulting conceptual approach pinpoints the interplays between the ecological and social systems, providing a systemic perspective which underpins an interdisciplinary diagnostic framework. This draws on the concepts of social and ecological fit and integrates contributions from the literature on good governance; fine-tuning good governance principles to suit PPAs. We outline a multi-tiered tool for assessing PPAs. This is a first step to comprehensively addressing the match of PPAs' institutional models with the ecological and social dimensions of complex systems.
Journal of Environmental Management, 2020
Assessing management effectiveness in protected areas is a fundamental instrument to achieve socio-biodiversity protection goals. This study aimed to analyze the management effectiveness of Cunhambebe State Park (from now on, "PEC") in the State of Rio de Janeiro in Brazil, from the perception of stakeholders and the multitemporal analysis of land use and land cover between 1998 and 2018. We used the Rapid Assessment and Prioritization of Protected Area Management method for a participatory approach. Seventy-two indicators were used and applied to assess the perception of stakeholders related to the Advisory Council. The management effectiveness of PEC was classified as moderately satisfactory (63.41%). Indicators of "Legal security", "Vulnerability", "Site design and planning" and "Financial resources" revealed the weaknesses and threats of management and what should be the priority projects for better effectiveness. Through the multi-temporal analysis, we identified that the advances of pasture and urban areas are the highest pressures and threats, as perceived by stakeholders. In our case study, we provide evidence of actions that must be performed by the PEC management team. These actions must consider the weaknesses and threats presented by the SWOT analysis. Finally, we recommend some political and management measures: 1) Financial resources for the land regularization of areas overlapping with PEC, 2) Guidelines about PEC areas must be included in the Master Plans of municipalities that cover PEC limits, 3) Technical assistance to improve land management, and 4) Strengthen environmental education initiatives at all school levels.
PARKS, 2021
Governance is a fundamental aspect and precondition for conservation strategies, such as protected areas or OECMs. A methodology for Site-level Assessment of Governance and Equity (SAGE) has been proposed by IUCN to explore different aspects of governance, based on ten principles. This article describes the application of SAGE to a candidate OECM for what we believe is the first time: the Andakí Municipal Natural Park in the Amazon region of Colombia. The application of SAGE generated useful insights into different aspects of governance, including the importance of good communication and recognising and respecting the rights and responsibilities of different actors. Based on this experience, we believe that the SAGE methodology could be a useful tool not only to identify priorities for improving governance, but also to assess governance and equity in order to evaluate if an area meets the criteria for an OECM-that it is governed and managed to achieve sustained and effective contributions to in situ conservation of biodiversity, associated ecosystem functions and services, and cultural, spiritual, socioeconomic and other locally relevant values.
Governance Issues in Protected Areas: The Case of Peneda-Gerês National Park
International Conference on Tourism Research
The increasing attention that protected areas have received from various players ranging from tourists, firms, and government entities, has highlighted the need to promote appropriate governance mechanisms. These are essential to promote and develop those areas enabling an alignment between various stakeholders with diverse agendas. This research draws attention to this key issue, focusing on the classified Peneda-Gerês National Park (PGNP), considered one of the top 10 in Europe. In order to do so, we employ game theory. This methodology is appropriate for strategic decision-making and enables a deeper understanding of the impacts of different governance mechanisms and their outcomes. This paper will contribute, on a theoretical level, to advancing the use of this methodology to study governance decisions in classified areas. In order to do so, diverse settings are modeled to illustrate different governance solutions employed to manage Peneda-Gerês National Park, highlighting the s...
A primer on governance for protected and conserved areas
2014
The designation of geographical entities in this book, and the presentation of the material, do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of IUCN, GIZ, the ICCA Consortium, CENESTA, Parques Nacionales de Colombia and UNDP GEF SGP concerning the legal status of any country, territory, or area, or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The views expressed in this publication do not necessarily refl ect those of IUCN, GIZ, the ICCA Consortium, CENESTA, Parques Nacionales de Colombia and UNDP GEF SGP. This publication has been made possible by in kind contributions and funding from the ICCA Consortium, IUCN, CENESTA, Parques Nacionales de Colombia, UNDP GEF SGP, and GIZ with grants from the German Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development (BMZ).
Analysis of Sustainable Management Forms on Protected Areas
Economics & Sociology, 2014
Protected areas have a huge socioeconomic significance. Therefore, they should subject to protection within an essential range in order to sustain natural capital function-restitution and should be used in a rational way. Restrictions on the ways of managing protected areas mainly concern ventures of higher intensification of management and new investments, which have to be assessed from environmental point of view. The aim of this article is to diagnose possible modes to accomplish forms of management for protected areas, which are in accordance with legal laws. Statistical analysis will be conducted for each business activity, and the possibility to accomplish it on protected areas.