Electrical stimulation of the dorsal clitoral nerve in the treatment of idiopathic defecatory urgency. A pilot study (original) (raw)
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Frontiers in Neuroscience, 2016
Objectives: To evaluate the effect of subject-controlled, on-demand, dorsal genital nerve (DGN) stimulation on non-neurogenic urgency urinary incontinence (UUI) in a domestic setting. Materials and Methods: Non-neurogenic patients >18 years with overactive bladder symptoms and UUI were included. Exclusion criteria were mainly stress urinary incontinence. Patients underwent 1 week of subject-controlled, on-demand, DGN stimulation, delivered by a percutaneously placed electrode near the DGN connected to an external stimulator (pulse-rate 20 Hz, pulse-width 300 µs). Patients activated the stimulator when feeling the urge to void and stimulated for 30 s. The amplitude was set at the highest tolerable level. A bladder diary including a severity score of the UUI episodes/void (scores: 0 = none, 1 = drops, 2 = dashes, 3 = soaks) and a padtest was kept 3 days prior to, during, and 3 days after the test period. The subjective improvement was also scored. Results: Seven patients (4 males/3 females) were enrolled, the mean age was 55 years (range 23-73). Six completed the test week. In the remaining patient the electrode migrated and was removed. 5/6 finalized the complete bladder diary, 1/6 recorded only the heavy incontinence episodes (score = 3). 4/6 completed the padtest. In all patients who finalized the bladder diary the number of UUI episodes decreased, in 3/5 with ≥60%. The heavy incontinence episodes (score = 3) were resolved in 2/6 patients, and improved ≥80% in the other 4. The severity score of the UUI episodes/void was improved with ≥ 60% in 3/5 patients. The mean subjective improvement was 73%. Conclusion: This feasibility study indicates that subject-controlled, on-demand DGN stimulation using a percutaneously placed electrode is possible over a longer time period, in a home setting, with a positive effect on non-neurogenic overactive bladder symptoms with UUI. Although the placement is an easy procedure, it is difficult to fixate the electrode to keep it in the correct position. Improvements in hardware, like a better fixated electrode and an easy to control stimulator, are necessary to make SODGNS a treatment possibility in the future.
Fecal incontinence responses to anal electrical stimulation
Bioscience Research, 2019
Fecal incontinence is a common problem and is defined as the intermittent automatic excretion of flatus, liquid or solid stool in unseemly places or at improper occasions that is a hygienic or social problem. Physical therapy management is considered as the first-line treatment because it is a non-invasive nature and simple method to use.This study was designed to evaluate the effect of anal electrical stimulation in a randomized, clinical trial for the treatment of patients with fecal incontinence.66 patients were included in the study, out of a total of 74 patients who were screened for eligibility. The patients were randomized to group (1) received electrical stimulation and pelvic floor muscle training, while group (2) received pelvic floor muscle training only. The outcome measures were the Vaizey incontinence score and fecal incontinence quality of life scale.The current study showed that there were significant differences between pre and post intervention in group (1) (P< 0.05) in terms Vaizey incontinence score and QOL questionnaires while, group (2) revealed that there were an improvement but not statistically significantly (P> 0.05). Comparing the two groups, there was statistically significant difference between patients in both groups in favor of group (1) (P< 0.05) in terms of Vaizey incontinence and FIQOL (P> 0.05). The study revealed that 4 weeks of anal electrical stimulation improves patients with fecal incontinence. Anal electrical stimulation is considered as a non-invasive, cheap and simple to use and could be offered to treat fecal incontinence.
Updates in Surgery
Sacral nerve modulation has become an established treatment for fecal and urinary incontinence, and sexual disorders. The objective of this study was to evaluate the long-term outcome of sacral neuromodulation in patients with fecal or combined fecal and urinary incontinence (double incontinence), assessing its safety, efficacy, and impact on quality of life and sexual function. This was a multicentric, retrospective, cohort study including patients with fecal or double incontinence who received sacral neuromodulation at seven European centers between 2007 and 2017 and completed a 5-year follow-up. The main outcome measures included improvements of incontinence symptoms and quality of life compared with baseline, evaluated using validated tools and questionnaires at 1-, 6-, 12-, 36- and 60-month follow-up. 108 (102 women, mean age 62.4 ± 13.4 years) patients were recruited, of whom 88 (81.4%) underwent definitive implantation of the pacemaker. Patients’ baseline median Cleveland Cli...
F1000 - Post-publication peer review of the biomedical literature, 2019
The majority of patients with neuropathic incontinence and other pelvic floor conditions associated with straining at stool have damage to the pudendal nerves distal to the ischial spine. Sacral nerve stimulation appears to be a promising innovation and has been widely adopted and currently considered the standard of care for adults with moderate to severe fecal incontinence and following failed sphincter repair. From a decision-to-treat perspective, the short-term efficacy is good (70%-80%), but the long-term efficacy of sacral nerve stimulation is around 50%. Newer electrophysiological tests and improved anal endosonography would more effectively guide clinical decision making.
Gut, 1999
BACKGROUNDSome patients with faecal incontinence are not amenable to simple surgical sphincter repair, due to sphincter weakness in the absence of a structural defect.AIMSTo evaluate the efficacy and possible mode of action of short term stimulation of sacral nerves in patients with faecal incontinence and a structurally intact external anal sphincter.PATIENTSTwelve patients with faecal incontinence for solid or liquid stool at least once per week.METHODSA stimulating electrode was placed (percutaneously in 10 patients, operatively in two) into the S3 or S4 foramen. The electrode was left in situ for a minimum of one week with chronic stimulation.RESULTSEvaluable results were obtained in nine patients, with early electrode displacement in the other three. Incontinence ceased in seven of nine patients and improved notably in one; one patient with previous imperforate anus and sacral agenesis had no symptomatic response. Stimulation seemed to enhance maximum squeeze pressure but did n...
Urology, 1997
Objectives. To determine the efficacy of daily or every-other-day electrical stimulation in treating detrusor instability (urge) or urge plus genuine stress (mixed) urinary incontinence in women. Methods. A multicenter, prospective, nonrandomized study enrolled subjects with urge and mixed urinary incontinence assigned to daily or every-other-day treatments (15 minutes twice daily) using pelvic floor stimulation. Outcome measures assessed were (1) leakage episodes, nocturnal episodes, voiding frequency, total voids, and pad count, and (2) patient subjective assessment and quality of life. Results. Seventy-two subjects were enrolled. Sixty-eight subjects completed the 20-week protocol: 33 treated daily and 35 treated every other day. The entire study group (n = 68) experienced a significant decrease in total leaks (P <O.OOl), nocturnal episodes (P = O.OOl), pad count (P = 0.002), and total voids (P = 0.003) and on visual analog scales. Sixty-nine percent (n = 46) of subjects with urge or mixed incontinence were cured or improved by at least 50%, with 28% (n = 19) being cured. There were no significant differences between daily and every-other-day users. Nonresponse was correlated with number of previous therapies (P ~0.00 1) and number of vaginal deliveries (P = 0.007). Overall, subjects were 93% compliant with device use, and 72% (n = 47) were satisfied with the therapy. Conclusions. Twenty weeks of pelvic floor electrical stimulation therapy is effective in treating urge and mixed urinary incontinence, regardless of daily or every-other-day treatments. UROLOGY 50: 934-940, 1997.
Effect of Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation on Primary Dysmenorrhea
Neuromodulation: Technology at the Neural Interface, 2009
Objectives. Dysmenorrhea is a disturbing problem among women of childbearing age. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of high-frequency transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) on primary dysmenorrhea and to compare the placebo effect by sham TENS in a randomized controlled study. Materials and Methods. Twenty-two women participated in the two-month experiment by using TENS or sham TENS in a random order for their dysmenorrhea. Outcome measures included self-reported pain intensity, symptom and function questionnaire related to dysmenorrhea, quality of life, satisfaction after TENS application, and other pain management agents adapted by the participants. Two-way repeated measures analysis of variance (two-way ANOVA) was conducted to compare pain intensity between pre-post values and groups (TENS vs. placebo). One-way repeated measures analysis of variance (one-way ANOVA) was conducted to compare scores from questionnaire of symptoms and quality of life at baseline, and after placebo or TENS stimulation. Results. Pain intensity in TENS is significantly decreased than in the placebo group (p = 0.018). The decrease of pain intensity after TENS and placebo TENS were both significant, with p < 0.00005 and p < 0.00005 respectively. Furthermore, TENS significantly changed the degree of autonomic symptoms (p = 0.048); but not after placebo TENS. Conclusion. This result supports that women in our country who suffer from primary dysmenorrhea could benefit by using TENS, which is consistent with the previous studies. In addition to pain-relieving effects, relief of the autonomic symptoms associated with dysmenorrhea also indicated that the mechanism of TENS might be different from the placebo effect of the sham TENS stimulation. These findings indicate the immediate effects of TENS in women with primary dysmenorrheal.
Dorsal genital nerve stimulation in patients with detrusor overactivity: A systematic review
Current Urology Reports, 2012
This study evaluates the outcome of trials to stimulate the dorsal genital nerve (DGN) in patients with lower urinary tract dysfunction. The aim of most studies was to suppress detrusor overactivity in patients with overactive bladder (OAB) syndrome by DGN stimulation. A literature search was performed using Pub Med, Web of Science, and Scopus databases (1980 to April 2012) for clinical trials of DGN stimulation in patients with detrusor overactivity. Seventeen studies were found in the literature. In the studies, different patterns of DGN stimulation were applied. The patterns were either continuous, conditional, or semiconditional; on an acute or on a chronic basis. DGN stimulation lead to improvement of bladder capacity and reduction in urgency and/or incontinence episodes in many patients. The outcomes of conditional stimulation were comparable to continuous stimulation with respect to improvement of bladder capacity. The publications give evidence that DGN stimulation increases bladder capacity and suppresses involuntary detrusor contractions. Implantable DGN stimulation electrodes can open the way for more prolonged studies in larger patient groups to assess the effectiveness of chronic DGN stimulation in patients with OAB syndrome. Chronic DGN stimulation seems to be of value in the management of OAB syndrome.