Applied investigation at Life Science, Hygiene, Biomedical Research in Medieval Islamic Civilization (original) (raw)
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public health leader, defined Public Health as "the science and art of preventing disease, prolonging life, and promoting physical health and efficiency through organized community efforts for the sanitation of the environment, the control of community infections, the education of the individual in principles of personal hygiene, the organization of medical and nursing service for the early diagnosis and preventive treatment of disease, and the development of the social machinery which will ensure to every individual in the community a standard of living adequate for the maintenance of health." (1920). This definition provided a base for the present WHO definition of health -"A state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity."
Biomedical Journal of Scientific and Technical Research, 2022
Scientism, understood as a belief in science, has become the basis of our reality since the beginning of the third millennium. It is felt that faith in science and scientific progress is the basis of every rebirth and progress of society by overcoming all obstacles. Is there a responsibility of science if it is the only true knowledge, if only it achieves good by its own power? To practically answer this question, philosophers, sociologists, ecologists and other researchers critically reflect on the nature and factography of the imbalance of the healthy living environment. Scientific and technological potentials have not fulfilled past and present utopias about the creation of human freedom, prosperity and happiness. It seems that the natural sciences, and the biomedical sciences derived from them, those on which new technologies rely, are challenging the biosphere in a powerful struggle to establish an anonymous realm of scientific knowledge and progress. This paper shows the aggressiveness of science according to its principle, as a true knowledge of the objective, because its development contributes to progress without limits of growth. The scientific fields and disciplines that need to be consulted in biomedical research are analyzed, as well as the conditions in which the research team builds multidisciplinary and transdisciplinary connections for scientific knowledge by which technology is subordinated to phenomena and processes in healthy living environment.
The medical science as philosophy of the human nature
Ηλίας Βαβούρας, ‘The medical science as philosophyof the human nature’, άρθρο στο διεθνές επιστημονικό περιοδικό, Dia-noesis: A journal of philosophy, τ.5 σ. 85-96, Εκδόσεις Ρώμη, Απρίλιος 2018.
The scientific approach of human nature as a key factor in the perpetual human truth and its association with the condition of the domination and the subjection, specifically its association with the political problem, was the starting point and the effort of medical science. Medical science has been the research onset of human nature. Man as a living being is distinguished by a constant and unaltered nature that is the same beyond the changing circumstances of the times and the socio-political variations. Human nature has an ideal natural state, and the excess or lack of the correctness signifies the existence of the disease that medicine is trying to eliminate by restoring natural correctness. The objective of medicine is to prevent and treat the morbid deviation from physical correctness, which is clearly not subjective, apparent or relevant but defined by objective, scientific and rational parameters. The universality and the objectivity of T
The First Medical Text in Preventive Medicine Written in Islamic World
Journal of Research on History of Medicine, 2014
Medical books written in Islamic societies have devoted special chapters to preventive medicine named Hefzossehha’. Nowadays, Ferdous Alhekmah is considered as the first medical text authored by Muslim scientists in Islamic countries. But in this review study we offer a more ancient text that belongs to Ali Ibn Musa (Imam Reza PBUH), the 8th Imam of shi’ites. This text was written about 815-818 AD while Imam Reza was in Marv, the Abbasid’s capital city during the al-Ma’mun’s governance (813-833). This precedes the book of Tabari (810-855), Ferdous Alhekmah. This text was written specifically about preventive medicine and contains nutritional patterns; the effect of weather, sleep, four temperaments and humors on health; personal hygiene; cupping and phlebotomy; health care in travels; sex hygiene and its influence on fetus health and prevention of some especial diseases. This text was different from many books in this field in some ways. Thus, al-Ma’mun commanded some scribes to wri...
The Legends Journal of European History Studies, 2022
The Scientific Revolution period, which took place in Europe, especially in Italy, England and France with the knowledge gained from the Renaissance, represents the process of breaking away from traditional knowledge, in which new knowledge is accepted. The Scientific Revolution covers a period in which the process that started in 1543, the year when Copernicus's "De Revolutionibus Orbium Coelestium" was published, in which Copernicus proposed the heliocentric theory of the universe, reached its peak with Newton's theories. While the most important developments of the Scientific Revolution period were undoubtedly provided in the fields of astronomy and mathematics, it is seen that some advances were made in the field of medicine as a result of the increased anatomy studies in the Renaissance. Therefore, the study aims to explain the human body in the process of the Scientific Revolution with the medical knowledge taken from the Renaissance. In our study, while focusing on the view of the human body and the concepts of sick and healthy people, the occupational groups that treat people have also been tried to be examined. While radical changes were seen in sciences such as mathematics and astronomy during the Scientific Revolution, new understandings were adopted in the field of medicine, but it could not be completely disconnected from the past knowledge and folkloric elements.
International journal of applied exercise physiology, 2020
Prerequisites. For many representatives of the pedagogical science the study of historical and pedagogical sources, as well as issues of formation, strengthening and preservation of the child's health became the object of scientific analysis long ago. Scientists of the past tried to substantiate the theoretical and methodological features of the child's health protection in a combination with mental development and physical education, emphasized the importance of teaching the child in accordance with his/her age, mental and physical abilities. In these circumstances, the problem of qualitative training of future teachers who are ready for education and the formation of a healthy lifestyle which will ensure the harmonious development of each child's personality, as well as outline the main approaches to the implementation of health-saving technologies in education, is becoming of special urgency. The article deals with the genesis of historical approaches and also analyses the main tendencies in the development of scientific views on health-saving activities, the identification and substantiation of the main stages in the development of theoretical concepts of preserving human health, the attitude of society towards the problems of health protection, which reflect the dynamic manifestation of universal values and needs. Methods. Regarding the genesis of historical approaches, as well as analysis of the main tendencies in the development of scientific views on the health protection, a set of methods was used: brought to you by CORE View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk
"Disease, Medicine and Health"
In The Oxford Handbook of Latin American Studies ed. by Jose C. Moya. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2011
XlV PREFACE essay actually focuses not on the history of physical maladies or the biomedical profession but on three overlapping trends in the historical study of human responses to illness, which they label as "new history of medicine, history of public health, and sociocultural history of disease." The topics range from colonial epidemiology and pharmacopoeia to twentieth-century public health institutions and urban hygiene. But a consistent focus on the social, cultural, and symbolic components of diseases and cures unifies this historiography and distinguishes it from the narrower scope of the long-established fleld of the history of medicine.
Medical Science and Islam: An Analysis of the Contributions of the Medieval Muslim Scholars
2007
Islam, the most comprehensive religion on the face of the Earth, covers all important aspects of human life. It requires of Muslims to be learned and highly skilled in their particular specializations. Allah (SWT) has emphasized on learning knowledge and mastering sciences in its very first revelation, as it commands, "read" to all faithful. 'Science' as an important branch of knowledge, the medieval Muslim scholars paid special focus towards this. As a result of this, European Renaissance and, particularly, the medical science owe a great deal to Islamic scholars such as Al-Razi, Avicenna, Ibn al-Haytham, Averroes and many others. They shaped the way for European Renaissance during the 14 th to 16 th centuries. The primary objective of this paper is to depict the real time contributions made by the Muslim scientists and researchers in the area of medical science during the medieval period. Many inscribed write-ups, books and Encyclopedias have been written and published on the various areas of medical science by the eminent Muslim scholars during that time. It is acknowledged by the scientists, historians and philosophers that the contributions of Muslim researchers prevalently shaped the science and philosophy into the form that we see it today. However, there is a tendency in the western society to ignore the contribution of Muslim scientists in the historical development of medical science. Western writers have given little prominence to Islamic Scientific and intellectual contributions to this field. But the fact is that the Muslims carried the torch of science in an age when no other civilization was capable of doing so. The current study would also shed light on the underlying reasons as to why Muslims today are not able to contribute to the development of sciences including the medical science like their golden age. This will conclude by furnishing some suggestions to improve the current devastating state of Muslims in the development of sciences.