Salivary pellicle modulates biofilm formation on titanium surfaces (original) (raw)
Related papers
Archives of Oral Biology, 2016
The aim of this study was to examine in vivo the initial bacterial adhesion on titanium implants with different surface treatments. Design: Ten subjects wore oral splints containing machined pure titanium disks (Ti-M), acid-etched titanium (Ti-AE) and anodized and laser irradiated disks (Ti-AL) for 24 h. After this period, disks were removed from the splints and adherent bacteria were quantified by an enzymatic assay to assess total viable bacteria and by Real Time PCR to evaluate total bacteria and Streptococcus oralis levels. Additionally, the initial adherent microorganisms were visualized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Titanium surface morphology was verified using SEM, and roughness was evaluated by profilometer analysis. Results: Regarding titanium surface roughness, Ti-AL (1.423 AE 0.397) showed significantly higher Ra values than did Ti-M (0.771 AE 0.182) and Ti-AE (0.735 AE 0.196) (p < 0.05, ANOVA-Tahame). Ti-AE and Ti-AL presented roughened micro-structure surfaces characterized by open pores, whereas Ti-M showed long grooves alternating with planed areas. Comparing the Ti-M, Ti-AE and Ti-AL groups for viable bacteria (MTT assay), total bacteria and S. oralis quantification (qPCR), no significant differences were observed among these three groups (p > 0.05, ANOVA-Tahame). SEM images showed similar bacterial adhesion on the three titanium surfaces, predominantly characterized by cocci and several bacilli, indicating an initial colonization of the oral biofilm. Conclusion: In conclusion, roughness and microtopography did not stimulate initial biofilm formation on titanium surfaces with different surface treatments.
Salivary pellicles on titanium and their effect on metabolic activity in Streptococcus oralis
BMC Oral Health, 2013
Background Titanium implants in the oral cavity are covered with a saliva-derived pellicle to which early colonizing microorganisms such as Streptococcus oralis can bind. The protein profiles of salivary pellicles on titanium have not been well characterized and the proteins of importance for binding are thus unknown. Biofilm bacteria exhibit different phenotypes from their planktonic counterparts and contact with salivary proteins may be one factor contributing to the induction of changes in physiology. We have characterized salivary pellicles from titanium surfaces and investigated how contact with uncoated and saliva-coated titanium surfaces affects metabolic activity in adherent cells of S. oralis. Methods Salivary pellicles on smooth titanium surfaces were desorbed and these, as well as purified human saliva, were subjected to two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and mass spectroscopy. A parallel plate flow-cell model was used to study binding of a fresh isolate of S. oralis to ...
Effects of various prophylactic procedures on titanium surfaces and biofilm formation
Journal of periodontal & implant science, 2018
Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of various prophylactic treatments of titanium implants on bacterial biofilm formation, correlating surface modifications with the biofilms produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1, Staphylococcus aureus, and bacteria isolated from saliva. Methods: Pure titanium disks were treated with various prophylactic procedures, and atomic force microscopy (AFM) was used to determine the degree to which surface roughness was modified. To evaluate antibiofilm activity, we used P. aeruginosa PAO1, S. aureus, and saliva-isolated Streptococcus spp., Bacteroides fragilis, and Staphylococcus epidermidis. Results: AFM showed that the surface roughness increased after using the air-polishing device and ultrasonic scaler, while a significant reduction was observed after using a curette or polishing with Detartrine ZTM (DZ) abrasive paste. In addition, we only observed a significant (P<0.01) reduction in biofilm formation on the DZ-treated implant surfaces. Conclusion: In this study, both AFM and antibiofilm analyses indicated that using DZ abrasive paste could be considered as the prophylactic procedure of choice for managing peri-implant lesions and for therapy-resistant cases of periodontitis.
Oral biofilm formation on the titanium and zirconia substrates
Microscopy Research and Technique, 2013
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this randomized crossover investigation was to assess the biofilm formation on two titanium and one zirconia substrates in relation to the topography and surface roughness of the materials. METHODS: Twenty-four discs specimens for each evaluated material (Machined pure titanium, Cast pure titanium, or Zirconia) were evaluated after oral cavity exposure in six healthy subjects. The study was conducted in 3 phases according to the material evaluated. Each subject was asked to use a removable splint containing 4 disks of the same tested substrate, 2 located in the anterior, and 2 in the posterior region. Participants were asked to use the intraoral splint during 24 h. The total biofilm covering on the discs was evaluated by 1% of neutral red staining. EMV and surface roughness was carried out to correlate with the biofilm found between different substrates. RESULTS: Data showed higher mean roughness values for zirconia (Zc) when compared with titanium specimens (MPT and CPT; P < 0.001). MPT and CPT presented no differences between them (P > 0.05). The mean percentage (%) of covering biofilm on substrates was 84.14 for MPT, 86.22 for CPT and 90.90 for Zc. CONCLUSION: There were no significant differences in the total area of formed biofilm among the tested groups. No correlation was found between surface roughness and the total amount of formed biofilm in the groups. Microsc. Res. Tech. 00:000-000, 2012.
BMC Oral Health, 2011
Background: The soft tissue around dental implants forms a barrier between the oral environment and the periimplant bone and a crucial factor for long-term success of therapy is development of a good abutment/soft-tissue seal. Sol-gel derived nanoporous TiO 2 coatings have been shown to enhance soft-tissue attachment but their effect on adhesion and biofilm formation by oral bacteria is unknown. Methods: We have investigated how the properties of surfaces that may be used on abutments: turned titanium, sol-gel nanoporous TiO 2 coated surfaces and anodized Ca 2+ modified surfaces, affect biofilm formation by two early colonizers of the oral cavity: Streptococcus sanguinis and Actinomyces naeslundii. The bacteria were detected using 16S rRNA fluorescence in situ hybridization together with confocal laser scanning microscopy.
Morphologie, 2018
Implantology research framed the implant surface as a key element for a good and sustainable osseointegration of an implant fixture. The aim of this study was to analyze the antibacterial properties of anatase-coated titanium healing screws through microbiological and scanning electron microscopy. The comparison of the bacterial colonies growth between the anatase-coated titanium healing screws and non-coated titanium healing screws showed comparable antibacterial properties, without significant statistical differences. The scanning electron microscopy observations confirmed the microbiological study. These data, also considering previous reports on the positive effects on osteoblasts genetic expressions, might suggest a use of the anatase-coated titanium healing screws to preserve the tissues surrounding implants from microbial attacks.
Microbial Ecology in Health & Disease, 1994
The aim of this study was to examine initial bacterial adherence to saliva coated titanium, hydroxyapatite, and amalgam surfaces and to determine whether different bacterial geno-or phenotypic variants were attracted to these surfaces. From six individuals, each with three different test surfaces, 18 strains each of Actinomyces naeslundii, Streptococcus sanguis, S. oralis and S. mitis were investigated by rRNA gene restriction analysis (ribotyping), to disclose potential genotypic similarities within each species isolated from one person. Experimentally, 18 strains each of S. sanguis, S. oralis, S. mutans, S. salivarius, A. naeslundii, six of Fusobacterium nucleaturn, and nine strains of black-pigmented Prevotella spp. were tested for adhesion in vitro to the same surfaces coated with saliva from the six individuals. All strains adhered in a higher degree to saliva coated test surfaces than to albumin coated control surfaces, although this tendency was significantly lower for S. salivarius than for other streptococcal species or A. naeslundii. No distinct pattern of ribotypes or bacterial adhesion subtypes were found to be attracted to the test surfaces. Titanium test surfaces were not colonised by bacterial adhesion subgroups different from those which in the same individual colonised hydroxyapatite or amalgam surfaces.
In vitroevaluation of a multispecies oral biofilm on different implant surfaces
Biomedical Materials, 2014
Peri-implantitis is an infectious disease that affects the supporting soft and hard tissues around dental implants and its prevalence is increasing considerably. The development of antibacterial strategies, such as titanium antibacterial-coated surfaces, may be a promising strategy to prevent the onset and progression of peri-implantitis. The aim of this study was to quantify the biofilm adhesion and bacterial cell viability over titanium disc with or without antibacterial surface treatment. Five bacterial strains were used to develop a multispecies oral biofilm. The selected species represent initial (Streptococcus oralis and Actinomyces viscosus), early (Veillonella parvula), secondary (Fusobacterium nucleatum) and late (Porphyromonas gingivalis) colonizers. Bacteria were sequentially inoculated over seven different types of titanium surfaces, combining different roughness level and antibacterial coatings: silver nanoparticles and TESPSA silanization. Biofilm formation, cellular viability and bacterial quantification over each surface were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy, confocal microscopy and real time PCR. Biofilm formation over titanium surfaces with different bacterial morphologies could be observed. TESPSA was able to significantly reduce the cellular viability when compared to all the surfaces (p < 0.05). Silver deposition on titanium surface did not show improved results in terms of biofilm adhesion and cellular viability when compared to its corresponding non-coated surface. The total amount of bacterial biofilm did not significantly differ between groups (p > 0.05). TESPSA was able to reduce biofilm adhesion and cellular viability. However, silver deposition on titanium surface seemed not to confer these antibacterial properties.
Clinical Oral Implants Research, 1998
A lack of information exists about the influence of different implant abutment materials on bacterial colonization and its role in the development of perimplantar infections. In order to study these aspects, removable acrylic devices, harboring samples of titanium and novel ceramic abutments (Nobel Biocare) were adapted to the molar-premolar region in 2 mandibular quadrants of 4 volunteers. Samples of each material were collected at 6 and 24 h, 7 and 14 days. Samples were observed by scanning electron microscopy and bacterial counts were made by means of ATP detection and direct plate count. The electron micrographs demonstrated that the bacteria colonization was already present after 6 h of presence in the oral cavity. After 24 h, both the materials were covered by several layers of bacterial cells. No differences in microbial colonization were observed between titanium and ceramic samples. The microbiological analysis confirmed the presence of relevant amounts of microbial cells on the tested samples. The maximum of colonization was achieved after 24 h in the oral cavity and the bacterial counts remained constant over the 14 day period. No significant differences were observed between the two materials analyzed in this study. In addition, ATP-bioluminescence technology was demonstrated to be a suitable system to evaluate bacterial colonization in the oral cavity.