Assessing the impact of anthropogenic influences on the sediment quality of Owalla Reservoir, Southwest, Nigeria (original) (raw)
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The study assessed the physico-chemical characteristics of sediments from Owella reservoir in Osun State, Nigeria with the primary aim of creating a baseline information in aspect of limnology and also to further assess influenced by anthropogenic activities as well as characteristics that were affected mostly by natural sources in the water body. Twenty sampling stations were established along the reservoir representing its three different sections and two zones for a period of two years. On the average, the reservoir sediment was mostly sand, clayey-sand in texture, acidic in chemical reaction, low in nutrients and moderate in organic matter. Although, nutrients were identified to be mostly of anthropogenic origin, while alkali metals and alkaline earth metals were from both anthropogenic and natural sources. The overall order of dominance of the exchangeable cations was: Mg2+ > Ca2+ > H+ > Al3+ > K+ >Na+ and anions in the order PO34- > SO42− > NO3−> Cl−. S...
The study assessed the physico-chemical characteristics of sediments from Owella reservoir in Osun State, Nigeria with the primary aim of creating a baseline information in aspect of limnology and also to further assess influenced by anthropogenic activities as well as characteristics that were affected mostly by natural sources in the water body. Twenty sampling stations were established along the reservoir representing its three different sections and two zones for a period of two years. On the average, the reservoir sediment was mostly sand, clayey-sand in texture, acidic in chemical reaction, low in nutrients and moderate in organic matter. Although, nutrients were identified to be mostly of anthropogenic origin, while alkali metals and alkaline earth metals were from both anthropogenic and natural sources. The overall order of dominance of the exchangeable cations was: Mg2+ > Ca2+ > H+ > Al3+ > K+ >Na+ and anions in the order PO34- > SO42− > NO3−> Cl−. S...
Studies of Water and Sediment Quality of Owalla Dam, Osun State, Nigeria
Fountain Journal of Natural and Applied Sciences, 2013
Dam water and sediment were collected from ten different locations on Owalla dam to evaluate the quality of the water. The average values of most physical-chemical parameters, the pH, temperature, total dissolved solid (TDS), NO3-, total hardness (TH) were within World Health Organization (WHO) and United State Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) guidelines for drinking water. There was correlation between the results of Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), sulphate and phosphate which were higher than the USEPA, Standard Organization of Nigeria (SON) or Canadian standard for drinking water. This is an indication of high load of organic pollutants. The dam sediments are texturally immatured coarse sands dominantly comprised of sub-angular to sub-rounded quartz, alkali feldspars with clay and iron-oxide coatings. The sediments geochemical composition is essentially silica, alumina and iron oxide. Toxic trace elements including Cd and Pb occur in very minor to insignificant concentrat...
Assessment of Physicochemical Characteristics of Sediment from Nwaja Creek, Niger Delta, Nigeria
Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection, 2016
Sediments are complex environments, with varying physicochemical characteristics, such as composition and type of organic matter, particle size distribution, and pH. Contaminated sediment is a significant environmental problem affecting many marine, estuarine and freshwater environments throughout the world. Most assessments of water quality have historically focused on water-soluble compounds, with relatively little attention paid to sediment. The aim of this research is to assess the physical and chemical parameters of sediments from Nwaja Creek, Niger Delta, Nigeria. Monitoring of this sediment quality is an important part of preserving and restoring the biological integrity of water bodies as well as protecting aquatic life, wild life and human health. Sediment samples from Nwaja Creek were sampled from seven sampling stations along the creek for over three months May to July, 2015, rainfall peak period, for assessment of their physical and chemical characteristics, such as grain size, organic carbon, pH, conductivity, nitrate and phosphate. These parameters are known to influence the interactions and dynamics of pollutants within sediment matrix. Sediment particle size distribution indicates that they have higher proportion of clay (clay > silt > sand), the mean percentage composition of clay, silt and sand ranged between 64.28% ± 22.04%-72.36% ± 14.00%, 18.71% ± 12.03%-27.32% ± 22.17% and 8.40% ± 6.28%-9.76% ± 4.59% respectively. TOC in the study area is generally above 1% across all stations during the study period with a range between 0.98% and 4.58%. Minimal monthly and spatial variations are observed in particle distribution, pH (3.9-8.5) and phosphate (5.5-15.5 kg/mg) while significant variations are observed in conductivity (23.0-567.0 uS/cm), total organic carbon (0.98%-4.58%) and nitrate (0.45-11.9 mg/kg) concentration. It is concluded that physicochemical characteristics of the sediments from Nwaja Creek are influenced by anthropogenic sources
Examining Sediment Accumulation in Goronyo Reservoir , Sokoto State , Nigeria
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Goronyo Reservoir was impounded in 1984 on the Rima River and it has a storage capacity of 942,000,000 m 3 and a catchment area of 21,445 km 2 . Construction of dams and reservoirs lead to modification of the hydro-morphological river regime which facilitate sediment deposition in the reservoirs. Reservoirs eventually becomes as sediment traps. The aim of this study was to examine the extent of sediment accumulated in Goronyo reservoir from 1984 to 2013. The research was carried out using bathymetric survey method. Georeferenced depth data were collected with an echo sounder. The current water volume in the Reservoir was computed from the collected bathymetric data using Surfer 11 software. The study revealed that the volume of sediment accumulated in the Reservoir from 1984 to 2013 was 24,490,315 m 3 . It is concluded that low volume of sediment was deposited during the 29 year age of the Reservoir. Recommendations of the study include repeated bathymetric surveys in the future and...
The worldwide deterioration of surface water quality has become a growing threat to human society and natural ecosystems hence the need to better understand the spatial and temporal variabilities of pollutants within aquatic systems. This study was aimed at evaluating water and sediment parameters of Ona river to identify major pollutant sources using multivariate statistics. Accumulation Factor (AF) indicated that BOD and COD significantly built up with an accumulation factor of 7.70 and 4.83 respectively. Heavy metals Cu, Pb, Mn, Cd and Cr accumulated significantly in the sediment and water. The river recovered significantly from a number of physicochemical parameters: EC (58%), TDS (64%), TS (61%), Chloride (65%), COD (79%) and BOD had the highest recovery value of 87%. All the heavy metals measured showed a high level of recovery in both water and sediment except for Zn (41% in both water and sediment) and Fe (38%) in the sediment. Factor analysis (FA) showed that sediment factor accounted for 39.95% of the total variance in water quality, while the second factor, labelled as seasonal factor accounted for a complementary 21.94%. Discriminant analysis (DA) highlighted sediment factors as the major determinant of water quality, with seasonal factors playing an augmenting role. Keywords: Physicochemical parameters, sediment quality, water quality, Ona river, accumulation factor, river recovery capacity,
The River Galma basin around Zaria, was studied in order to determine the whether pollution was responsible for the increasingly low fish catches from the river. This was done by comparing the physicochemical parameters of water and sediments in the upstream area before the Zaria dam where human and industrial population is low with the downstream area after the dam where human population is high and industries are concentrated. Water and sediment samples were collected from twenty sampling points (ten points each in both upstream and downstream areas) and thirteen physico-chemical parameters of the River water were analysed. Ten physico-chemical parameters of the sediments were also analysed. Results show that values for pH, total solids, total suspended solids, hardness, nitrate and phosphate were higher in the upstream area while values for dissolved oxygen, transparency and conductivity were higher in the downstream area. It was concluded that the physico-chemical parameters of the River water are favourable for fish production and so pollution may not responsible for low fish landings reported by fishermen. The River water is also a suitable source of water for the Zaria municipal water works. All parameters, except alkalinity and phosphate content, had higher mean values in upstream area sediments than in downstream area sediments and this may be due to the higher residence time of water in the upstream area because of the dam
Sources Contribution To Sediment Along The Qua Iboe River/Estuary Bank, South East, Nigeria
IOSR Journal of Applied Geology and Geophysics, 2016
Sediments grain size analysis was carried out on 60 sediment samples collected from 10 different locations within the Qua Ibo River /Estuary bank in Southeastern Nigeria, in order to infer the source contribution of these sediments. The different grain sizestatistical parameters of Mean grained Size (Mz), Sorting ( 1), Skewness(S KI) and Kurtosis (K G) wereevaluated and recorded. The mean grained size ranges from 1.60 to 2.73 with an average value of 2.06 inferring medium to fine sand, standard deviation (sorting) has a mean value of 0.58 and ranges from 0.38-0.79 which is well to moderately well sorted,Skewness and kurtosis have ranges of-0.04-0.27 and 0.74-1.23 with mean values of 0.04 and 1.00 respectively, which falls from coarse skewed to very fine-skewed nature of Platykurticleptokurtic nature respectively. These results infer more than a single source of the sediments contribution. The various discriminant functions and theirbivariate plots infer sediments contribution from beach and agitatedshallow marine settings environment of the Ibeno part of the Atlantic ocean
Journal of ecology and the natural environment, 2019
Lagos lagoon is known to be highly contaminated due to the increase in human population, industries and influx of contaminants from adjoining creeks. The degree of this contamination can be affected by the seasonal variations in time and space. The spatio-temporal variations in the hydrochemistry and sediments parameters of three (3) Lagos lagoon's creeks were investigated for six months (June, 2016 to November, 2016). Sub-surface water and sediments were collected with a 1 dm 3 water sampler and Van-veen grab, respectively and analyzed. Water temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen and conductivity of the water samples and pH, nutrients (nitrate and phosphate), total organic matter (TOM) and total organic content (TOC), alkalinity, acidity and particle size of the sediment samples were analyzed. The physico-chemical parameters in the water and sediment from the sampled creeks showed none significant differences (P>0.05). The study showed an increasing level of parameters' rates analyzed, indicating increased contaminants in Abule Eledu and Ogbe creeks. Water temperature maintained a relatively uniform temperature with dissolved oxygen values range of 1.6 to 3.1 mg/L. Conductivity was higher in June to August while high prevalence of nutrients was observed in October and November. Abule Agege and Abule Eledu recorded TOM and TOC that were above 15 mg/kg in June to August while alkalinity and acidity were high in October (6.63 mg/kg) and November (7.72 mg/kg) in the study creeks. The sediment particles size of the creeks ranged from clay, muddy and sandy substratum signifying that they were macrobenthic specific. The increase of the parameters' concentration indicates that the three creeks are highly impacted by anthropogenic stressors, dependent on the source of pollution occurring at the sites as well as controlled by seasonal variations. Continuous monitoring is required to be done to prevent future heavy metal pollution and total degradation in the water's quality of the Lagos lagoon's creeks.
Geografia-Malaysian Journal of Society and Space, 2020
Sediment yield and basin area relationship in a watershed is a very crucial factor in Best Management Practices (BMPs) and reservoir sustainability. Therefore, the study was conducted to examines the suspended sediment concentration (SSC) of the four sub-watersheds of Kaduna watershed north-central Nigeria to aid the dam sustainability and BMP within the watershed. Water samples were collected bimonthly for 8 months (March-October 2018) and subjected to laboratory analysis for SSC and turbidity measurements. With the aid of ArcSwat2012, the watershed was delineated into four sub-watersheds, soil and land-use were classified for a proper understanding of the watershed. The findings demonstrated an inverse relationship between the size of the sub-watersheds and SSC. The smallest Dinya sub-watershed (1%) contributes approximately 25% (3781.5mg/l) of the SSC while the largest Kaduna (80%) contributes approximately 26% (3889mg/l), Sarkinpawa (11%) and Gutalu (8%) contributes approximately 26% (3844mg/l) and 23% (3444mg/l) of SSC respectively. The highest average turbidity was recorded in Sarkinpawa sub-watershed, followed by Dinya, Gutalu, and Kaduna. The SSC and turbidity results followed the rainfall pattern while the regression results for the four subwatersheds shows a good level of linearity between SSC, rainfall and turbidity, Therefore, it is recommended that sediment management practice is to be carried out along sub-watersheds Dinya and Sarkinpawa and Gutalu to reduce the high rate of sediment influx into the reservoir from these smaller sub-watersheds. Also, detail study of the smaller sub-watersheds is highly recommended for a better understanding of the factors responsible for high sediment generation in these sub-watersheds.