Three-Dimensional Printing of Complex Structures: Man Made or toward Nature? (original) (raw)
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Chemical Engineering Journal, 2021
4D printing is an emerging field in additive manufacturing of time responsive programmable materials. The combination of 3D printing technologies with materials that can transform and possess shape memory and self-healing capabilities means the potential to manufacture dynamic structures readily for a myriad of applications. The benefits of using multifunctional materials in 4D printing create opportunities for solutions in demanding environments including outer space, and extreme weather conditions where human intervention is not possible. The current progress of 4D Printable smart materials and their stimuli-responsive capabilities are overviewed in this paper, including the discussion of shapememory materials, metamaterials, and self-healing materials and their responses to thermal, pH, moisture, light, magnetic and electrical exposures. Potential applications of such systems have been explored to include advancements in health monitoring, electrical devices, deployable structures, soft robotics and tuneable metamaterials.
Unlocking the Potential of 3D Printing in Modern Manufacturing
IJIRAE:: AM Publications,India, 2024
The process of producing tangible items by layering on materials according to geometric representations is called digital fabrication technology, sometimes referred to as additive manufacturing or 3D printing. This innovative technique has gained popularity. Numerous industries, including healthcare, automotive, locomotive, and aviation, now make extensive use of the quickly expanding area of 3D printing technology. This page discusses the materials utilized in the production process, provides a summary of the many types of 3D printing technology, and illustrates the extensive variety of uses for them With the potential to create intricate structures and personalized patterns straight from computer-aided design (CAD) models, 3D printing technology is a potent instrument that has the potential to completely alter the face of contemporary production.
4D printing of materials for the future: Opportunities and challenges
Applied Materials Today, 2019
The concept of 4D printing involves the formation of complex three-dimensional structures having the ability to adopt different shapes and forms when subjected to different environmental stimuli. Some researchers simply view this technique as an extension of 3D printing or additive manufacturing with the added constraint of time. However, the unique shape change mechanism exhibited in this process is due to a combination of shape programming and the usage of smart active materials mostly polymers. This review article highlights the various smart materials, activation mechanisms and the shape-changing techniques employed in the 4D printing process. The potential of these shape-changing structures and their current applications in various biomedical and engineering fields is also explored. The article aims to emphasize the potential and viability of 4D printing and is directed towards providing an in-depth insight into the 4D printing process.
Additive manufacturing — A review of 4D printing and future applications
Additive manufacturing, 2018
3D printing will revolutionize the manufacturing industry. Significant advances in computer aided design, additive manufacturing and materials science have opened up the possibilities of self-assembly systems, self-healing and material property alterations. Printing layer by layer allows complex geometries to be built, previously difficult under conventional manufacturing routes. This paper is a review of the current materials available for 3D printing, enabling the emergence of 4D printing, a 'smart material' that responds in a programmed way to an external stimuli. The outlook is towards potential space applications, in all areas including deployable structures, antennas and medical supplies.
Fostering Novel Materials and Subsisting Technologies for 3D Printing
Lecture Notes in Bioengineering, 2021
The COVID-19 pandemic made a drastic impact on the human health and overall economy of the world. Other than health-related issues, the global healthcare structure was deeply affected due to an alarming imbalance in the demand-supply chain of critical medical equipment such as ventilators, quarantine closets, oxygen valves, protective equipment, etc., that support patients' life during their battle against COVD-19. The field of 3D printing, or now commonly known as additive manufacturing (AM) has benefitted extremely by capitalizing on the increasing demand for manufacturing medical equipment. As a result, a vast number of start-ups have mushroomed up that are experimenting with various novel materials, techniques, and applications to build 3D printed products in quick turnaround time. Through this paper, we would highlight the propitious application of 3D printing in the biomedical engineering area. The chapter begins by addressing the fundamentals of 3D printing technologies and materials that shall be used to illustrate their whole system environmental impacts in later sections. This is followed by discussion over prominent countless initiatives that are being taken by multiple R&D centers, academic institutes, and various other corporations for the implementation of new technologies and materials to combat this pandemic. Further, the need for novel materials and the use of agricultural waste as compostable biomaterials for a circular economy has been discussed in detail. Aside to this, among the multiple 3D printing processes, a major focus has been on material extrusion, powder bed fusion, and material jetting techniques that are used for the medical sector based on current medical requirement, i.e., automatic door handle openers, face shields/masks, quarantine closets, ventilators, valves, etc. In the end, the conclusion will prove to be a stepping-stone for future research in this direction.
Polymers
The scientific community is and has constantly been working to innovate and improve the available technologies in our use. In that effort, three-dimensional (3D) printing was developed that can construct 3D objects from a digital file. Three-dimensional printing, also known as additive manufacturing (AM), has seen tremendous growth over the last three decades, and in the last five years, its application has widened significantly. Three-dimensional printing technology has the potential to fill the gaps left by the limitations of the current manufacturing technologies, and it has further become exciting with the addition of a time dimension giving rise to the concept of four-dimensional (4D) printing, which essentially means that the structures created by 4D printing undergo a transformation over time under the influence of internal or external stimuli. The created objects are able to adapt to changing environmental variables such as moisture, temperature, light, pH value, etc. Since ...
Advancements and Limitations in 3D Printing Materials and Technologies: A Critical Review
Polymers
3D printing has revolutionized various industries by enabling the production of complex designs and shapes. Recently, the potential of new materials in 3D printing has led to an exponential increase in the technology’s applications. However, despite these advancements, the technology still faces significant challenges, including high costs, low printing speeds, limited part sizes, and strength. This paper critically reviews the recent trends in 3D printing technology, with a particular focus on the materials and their applications in the manufacturing industry. The paper highlights the need for further development of 3D printing technology to overcome its limitations. It also summarizes the research conducted by experts in this field, including their focuses, techniques, and limitations. By providing a comprehensive overview of the recent trends in 3D printing, this review aims to provide valuable insights into the technology’s prospects.
American Journal of Applied Sciences, 2019
Additive manufacturing (AM) also known as 3D printing is a technology that builds three-dimensional (3-D) solid objects. Customized 3D objects with complex geometries and integrated functional designs can be created using 3D printing. A comprehensive review of AM process with emphasis on recent advances achieved by various researchers and industries is discussed. Summary of each 3D printing technology capabilities, advantages and limitations is provided. This article reviews significant developments of 3D printing applications in different fields such as electronics, medical industry, aerospace, automobile, construction, fashion and food industry.