Innovations In Assisted Reproduction Technology [Working Title] (original) (raw)
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Assisted Reproductive Technology: Techniques and Limitations
Journal of Bangladesh College of Physicians and Surgeons, 2010
Infertility is a source of social and psychological suffering for both men and women and can place great pressure on the relationship within the couple. One in six couples of any society remains infertile and 10% of them need help of assisted reproductive technology (ART). ART refers to all technology where gametes are manipulated outside the body. In-vitro fertilization (IVF) and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) are the commonest of all type of ART. Bilateral tubal block, endometriosis, severe oligospermia, and azoospermia are the commonest indications for ART. Whoever is responsible for infertility women are usually treated for superovulation, which sometimes involves risk of the patient. Collection of oocyte is also invasive. Result of treatment in terms of pregnancy is not very satisfactory. Average pregnancy rate is 30%- 34% worldwide. Abortion and congenital anomaly rate is a bit higher than normal population, which is related to age of the female partner not related to...
Journal of Fertilization: In Vitro - IVF-Worldwide, Reproductive Medicine, Genetics & Stem Cell Biology
The concept of assisted reproductive technologies was most notably derived from the late 19 th Century experiments of Sir Walter Heape who successfully transplanted rabbit embryos. Interestingly, it was not until the late 1940's and 1950's that renewed interests in rabbit embryo transfer and cryobiology occurred. The history behind developing effective procedures can be fascinating, though few could be more accidental than Dr. Chris Polge's discovery of glycerol (1948), from a mislabeled bottle of sugar solutions, being an effective cryoprotective agent for sperm freezing. The purpose of this review paper is to discuss four key scientific breakthrough technologies occurring between 1985 and 1995, which ultimately shaped the future of today's human in vitro fertilization (IVF) industry. More importantly, this paper highlights the foundation of underlying related discoveries and some unique stories involving their development and publication. In the end, this paper emphasizes the value of understanding scientific discovery timetables and the eventual re-discovery in the hands and minds of creative, determined and dedicated scientists, as history tends to repeat itself before its useful application is realized.
Fertility and Sterility, 2011
Objective: To analyze information on assisted reproductive technologies (ART) performed globally. Design: Data on access, efficacy, and safety of ART were collected for the year 2003 from 54 countries. Setting: National and regional ART registries globally. Patient(s): Patients undergoing ART globally. Intervention(s): Collection and analysis of international ART registry data. Main Outcome Measure(s): Number of cycles performed in reporting countries and regions globally for different ART procedures with resulting pregnancy, live birth and multiple birth rates. Result(s): A total of 433,427 initiated cycles reported in this registry resulted in 173,424 babies born. This corresponded to a delivery rate per aspiration of 22.4% for in vitro fertilization (IVF), 23.3% for intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), and a delivery rate per transfer of 17.1% for frozen embryo transfer. Although there is wide variation among countries and regions, the overall proportion of deliveries with twins and triplets from IVF and ICSI was 24.8% and 2.0%, respectively. There were wide variations in access, and compared with the previous report (year 2002), there was a 3.9% increase in the number of reported cycles and a minor increase in the delivery rate per aspiration. There was also a marginal decline in the mean number of embryos transfered and in the rate of multiple births. Conclusion(s): ART access, efficacy, and safety varies greatly globally. Collection and analysis of data over time will benefit ART patients, providers, and policy makers. (Fertil Steril Ò 2011;95:2209-22.
Studies of assisted reproductive technology in the 19th and 20th centuries
Medycyna Weterynaryjna, 2020
Studies of assisted reproductive technology in the 19 th and 20 th centuries Summary Artificial breeding technology has been an important subject of research from the very beginning of medicine and veterinary sciences. Several main directions should be distinguished within these methods: artificial insemination (including cryogenic semen preservation technology), transplantation (embryo transfer) and embryo culture in vitro. The first experiments in this field date back to the late 18 th century, when Lazarro Spallanzani performed such experiments on animals. The late 19 th and the early 20 th centuries saw the development of artificial insemination, which became a routine procedure, significantly facilitating breeding. The first successful experiments in embryo transplantation were also carried out in 1890. The high potential of this method was recognized related to the intensification of breeding for specific individual traits without limitations imposed by breeding physiology. These procedures were limited for a long time to scientific experiments and were not introduced into medical practice until the early 1970s. Embryo culture in vitro was a separate problem and an even greater challenge for researchers. Significant experimental research in this field started only in 1949 and has been continued ever since. In the 1990s, the biotechnology of in vitro embryo culture was improved to the point of becoming one of the most promising fields of veterinary and zootechnical sciences.
Iris Publishers LLC, 2018
Over the last four decades, significant developments have occurred within the field of assisted reproduction, initially sparked by the birth of Louise Brown in 1978, who will be forever be known as the first human baby born through in-vitro fertilization (IVF) treatment in the world. The first IVF cycle was based on a nonstimulated ovulatory cycle, in which the oocyte retrieval procedure was performed laparoscopically. IVF, however, was already being performed experimentally in animals, namely rabbits, as early as the 1980’s, with the first IVF human pregnancy reported as early as 1973, but unfortunately resulting in a first trimester loss.