Effect of conservation tillage on yield of spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and soil mineral nitrogen and carbon content (original) (raw)
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Agronomy, 2021
Effects of soil tillage (CTconventional, SS-subsoiling, CH-chiselling, DH-disk-harrowing and NT-no-till) and nitrogen rate (reduced N1, optimal N2 and luxury N3) on yield and yield components of maize and winter wheat in two different agricultural subregions of Croatia (Magadenovac and Cacinci site), were studied in the years 2013–2014 as part of a long-term experiment. Maize yield and yield components were influenced by site properties, tillage and nitrogen treatments. The highest yields and yield components were recorded at the Magadenovac site with N2 and N3. The lowest values of the yield and yield components of maize were recorded on NT and were significantly lower than CT, SS, CH and DH, among which no significant differences were recorded. Winter wheat yield and yield components were affected by site properties and nitrogen rates while soil tillage treatments only had an influence on grain and straw yield and plant height. Winter wheat achieved maximum yield and yield compone...
Effect of Conservation Tillage and Precision Nitrogen Management on Wheat: A Review
International Journal of Plant & Soil Science
The most significant source of protein in the world is wheat, which accounts for roughly 21% of daily dietary protein requirements on average. With more than 60% of the population living in rural regions, the wheat crop system in Indian agriculture represents the backbone and the future of the country's economy. By speeding the oxidation and disintegration of organic matter, which results in the deterioration of soil characteristics, intensive ploughing causes a decrease in soil organic matter. To conserve resources, slow down soil degradation, adjust cropping systems to climate extremes, and increase agricultural sustainability over the long term, conservation agriculture (CA), which involves minimising soil disturbances, is widely supported. One of the greatest restrictions for CA is the immobilisation of N, which is mostly related to the presence of a continuous residue cover on the soil surface. The employment of some technologies, such as the SPAD metre, NDVI sensor, site-s...
Land
The cultivated soils in several semi-arid areas have very low organic matter due to climatic constraints that limit primary crop yield. Conservation tillage systems, outlined here as no tillage, no tillage with straw return and straw incorporation into the field, have been accepted as capable systems that preserve soil’s resources and sustain soil productivity. However, in semi-arid climates, there is presently no knowledge about the influence of different conservation tillage techniques on soil’s physical, chemical and biological properties at different soil depths in spring wheat fields and only little information about spring wheat yield in these management systems. Therefore, the present study was carried out with the objective of examining the impact of conservation tillage systems on soil properties (physical, chemical and biological) and spring wheat yield. The three conservation tillage treatments consisted of no tillage system (NT), wheat stubble return with no tillage (NTS...
Current Journal of Applied Science and Technology
Intensive agriculture and excessive use of external inputs are leading to degradation of soil and water resources and negatively affecting agricultural production. This review article aims to determine the role of conservation agriculture for sustaining soil quality and improving crop productivity. Conservation Agriculture (CA) practices cause prominent changes in physical, chemical and biological properties of soil compared to conventional agricultural practices. The improved bio-physico-chemical qualities of soil in turn, affect the ecosystem services and sustainability of crop production system through counterbalancing the climate variability with the help of increasing sink for carbon sequestration within the soil. There was significant interaction of tillage and cropping system on mineral nitrogen measured at the beginning of the cropping system. Mineral N contents were higher with manual tillage and no tillage systems compared with conventional tillage in the soybean maize rot...
Effect of conservation tillage on soil fertility factors: A review
Increasing global demand for food let to intensification of agricultural practices, these practices such as tillage management that reduce soil degradation are needed to improve soil quality and maintain agricultural productivity. We reviewed the effects of conventional and zero-tillage on soil fertility factors in the way of agricultural sustainability. This review demonstrates that long-term tillage decrease soil organic matters which, plow system, disturb nutrient cycling, fertility and degrades soil quality. It has been reported that the use of chemical fertilizers alone to sustain high crop yield has not been successful due to enhancement of soil acidity, nutrient leaching and degradation of soil physical and organic matter status. Results have been showed that higher levels of soil organic C, microbial biomass C and N, potential N mineralization, total N, and extractable P were directly related to surface accumulation of crop residues promoted by conservation tillage management. No-tillage management increases soil organic matter and improves soil fertility and has potential for increasing the nutrient supply to crops through changes in the mineralization and immobilization of nutrients by microbial biomass.
2021
An improved understanding of the effect of conservation tillage on soil physicochemical quality indicators is obligatory to manage and conserve soil in a climate change scenario. Tillage strategies change soil physicochemical characteristics, consequently modifying crop yields. Conservation tillage is generally used to improve the soil physicochemical characteristics globally. However, the impact of conservation tillage on different soil depths under wheat cultivation is not well documented. A 3-year study was conducted using a randomized complete block design (RCDB). The objective of this research was to specifically study soil physicochemical indicators (soil bulk density, porosity, hydraulic conductivity, water content, temperature, nitrogen, phosphorous, potassium, C:N ratio, pH) and (crop yield) in conventional tillage (CT), straw incorporation into the conventionally tilled soil (CTS), no-tillage (NT), and stubble-retention to the no-tilled soil (NTS) measures under wheat mono...
TheScientificWorldJournal, 2003
In the past several decades, agricultural management practices consisting of intensive tillage and high rate of fertilization to improve crop yields have resulted in the degradation of soil and environmental qualities by increasing erosion and nutrient leaching in the groundwater and releasing greenhouses gases, such as carbon dioxide (CO2) and nitrous oxide (N2O), that cause global warming in the atmosphere by oxidation of soil organic matter. Consequently, management practices that sustain crop yields and improve soil and environmental qualities are needed. This paper reviews the findings of the effects of tillage practices, cover crops, and nitrogen (N) fertilization rates on crop yields, soil organic carbon (C) and N concentrations, and nitrate (NO3)-N leaching from the soil. Studies indicate that conservation tillage, such as no-till or reduced till, can increase soil organic C and N concentrations at 0- to 20-cm depth by as much as 7-17% in 8 years compared with conventional t...