Algorithms development for the energy management of a micro combined heat and power unit in an AC-DC microgrid (original) (raw)

Application of energy management algorithms in an AC/DC microgrid with integration of photovoltaics and combined heat and power units

AIP Conference Proceedings, 2019

Nowadays, Smart Grids (SG) and Microgrids (MG) achieve optimum and reliable integration of Distributed Generation (DG) units in the existing electricity distribution network. An AC/DC hybrid MG system is proposed in this paper in order to integrate the Photovoltaic (PV) home system, Micro Combined Heat and Power (mCHP) units with the appropriate size, a Boiler and Batteries within the power infrastructure. Furthermore, three different types of consumers with large, medium and small electrical and thermal demands are examined. The purpose of this paper is to draw conclusions from the application of control and energy management algorithms of DG units in an AC/DC Microgrid which mainly incorporated Photovoltaics Units (PV), mCHPs and Batteries. Especially, the main focus is on the energy control and management of the mCHPs system in order to meet the consumers' electrical and thermal needs and to minimize the power flow from the main power grid. The simulation scenario aims to highlight the characteristics and particularities of the AC/DC MG in different power generation conditions from PV systems and mCHPs, electrical and thermal consumptions as well as the power supplied by the external power grid. The AC/DC MG responds to the needs of its users for electricity and heat and also operates according to the needs of the market. Finally, the results show significant reduction of power flow from the electricity distribution network. All simulations have been implemented with the Matlab program.

Microgrid energy management system: a state-of-the-art review

Journal of Electrical Systems, 2019

Over the past decades, the exploitation of renewable sources has significantly increased as a carbon-neutral mean of electricity supply. A Microgrid (MG) represents a suitable concept to integrate renewable resources, in which local generation source and Energy Storage System (ESS) are coordinated to cover the customer demand in any conditions. In addition, Energy Management System (EMS) is investigated to allocate optimally the power output of the Distributed Generator (DG) units, economically satisfy the Load Demand (LD), properly regulate the frequency and voltage of the MG systems, and automatically assure a smooth transition between Grid Connected (GC) and islanded operation modes. This paper reviews MG-EMS, which has evolved in recent frameworks, discussing MG generation and storage units, the use of Electric Vehicles (EVs) as backup device, the installation of Combined Heat and Power (CHP) systems to supply thermal requirements, MG-EMS objectives function and system constrain...

Control and optimization of micro-grids with electric and heat energy resources

2011

Several drivers, usually recognized as electricity market, renewable energy sources and smartgrids are behind the concept of increasing distributed electricity generation from solar PV systems, wind turbines and CHP systems. These microsources have been installed as a consequence of government incentives aiming to secure supply of energy and to reduce the CO2 emissions by using renewable energy. If they are properly allocated in the network some of their benefits to the power system are: postponed investment in transmission and distribution capacity, losses reduction, energy savings, ancillary services, higher power quality and reliability. The better way of their utilization is to take a system approach in which views generation, storage and associated loads as a controllable subsystem. That subsystem is defined as microgrid. The paper describe mostly recognized architectures and control concepts for microgrids.

Energy management in microgrid

2017 International Conference on Computing Methodologies and Communication (ICCMC), 2017

A microgrid is a system, consisting of distributed energy resources (DERs) and controllable loads can be operate in grid-connected mode. The model of Microgrid system having a combination of diesel generation system and wind generation system is developed and simulation studies have been performed using Matlab Simulink. The different electrial parameters are observed in the model of Microgrid such as voltage, current, active power, reactive power. Variation in load demand is observed and demand of load is supplied by wind and diesel generation system.

Microgrid model for fast development of energy management algorithms

2012 35th International Spring Seminar on Electronics Technology, 2012

The demand for electricity production increased in the last ten years leading to large investments and losses in the electricity grids. This forms the basis of decentralized hybrid energy system where the energy is produced in close proximity to the end user. This paper presents a simulation model for intelligent microgrids with distributed generation, also known as Smart Microgrids, focusing on the reduction of the simulation time in order to allow fast development of energy management algorithms. Photovoltaic panels and wind generators will be used as renewable energy primary sources and batteries as storage.

Energy Management Strategy for DC Micro-Grid System with the Important Penetration of Renewable Energy

Applied sciences, 2024

This paper presents an energy management strategy using a Stateflow controller related to DC microgrids with the important penetration of renewable energy. The increase in world electricity demand is one of the principal drivers of the exhaustion of fossil fuels and increased greenhouse gas emissions. To solve these problems, several countries have adopted actions for widespread renewable energy deployment, which includes wind energy, solar power, biomass power, tidal, and hydropower. These sources are considered as significant in delivering clean energy and reducing greenhouse gas emissions for sustainable improvement. As these sources play an increasingly vital role in the global energy landscape, the efficient management of these intermittent sources is essential for grid stability and sustainability. This paper aimed to develop an energy management strategy for DC microgrids to supply power to a DC microgrid system. The main objective of this paper was to implement an energy management system to ensure the proper operation of DC microgrid systems utilizing Simulink blocks available in MATLAB/Simulink 2020b software. The simulation results demonstrated that the developed energy management algorithm was unconditionally reliable, ensuring the proper operation of the microgrid systems. Additionally, the results demonstrated that the energy management strategy exhibited robust performance across different scenarios, effectively balancing energy generation and consumption while ensuring the reliable operation of the microgrid system. Moreover, the developed algorithm model presents another advantage, as it enables users to access and to change any control parameters within the DC microgrid. By comparing these results with the literature, the developed energy management algorithm provides safety and the automatic control of the microgrid.

A Proposed Energy Management System (EMS) for a Residential Microgrid

2020

This paper proposes an energy management system (EMS) of a microgrid comprised of a solar photovoltaic array, wind turbine, and a battery energy storage system, for a residential building positioned in a remote area. The aim is to design a control system that will equitably manage generated energy to meet the load demand. The power generated by the microgrid is modelled to supply the residential load and charge the battery simultaneously. The battery storage will only be dispatched as the last resource to meet the load demand deficit when the combined power generated from the microgrid is unable to sustain the residential load demand. Modelling and simulation are performed using Matlab/Simulink.

Review of Energy Management System Approaches in Microgrids

Energies

To sustain the complexity of growing demand, the conventional grid (CG) is incorporated with communication technology like advanced metering with sensors, demand response (DR), energy storage systems (ESS), and inclusion of electric vehicles (EV). In order to maintain local area energy balance and reliability, microgrids (MG) are proposed. Microgrids are low or medium voltage distribution systems with a resilient operation, that control the exchange of power between the main grid, locally distributed generators (DGs), and consumers using intelligent energy management techniques. This paper gives a brief introduction to microgrids, their operations, and further, a review of different energy management approaches. In a microgrid control strategy, an energy management system (EMS) is the key component to maintain the balance between energy resources (CG, DG, ESS, and EVs) and loads available while contributing the profit to utility. This article classifies the methodologies used for EM...

A Review of DC Microgrid Energy Management Systems Dedicated to Residential Applications

Energies

The fast depletion of fossil fuels and the growing awareness of the need for environmental protection have led us to the energy crisis. Positive development has been achieved since the last decade by the collective effort of scientists. In this regard, renewable energy sources (RES) are being deployed in the power system to meet the energy demand. The microgrid concept (AC, DC) is introduced, in which distributed energy resources (DERs), the energy storage system (ESS) and loads are interconnected. DC microgrids are appreciated due to their high efficiency and reliability performance. Despite its significant growth, the DC microgrid is still relatively novel in terms of grid architecture and control systems. In this context, an energy management system (EMS) is essential for the optimal use of DERs in secure, reliable, and intelligent ways. Therefore, this paper strives to shed light on DC microgrid architecture, control structure, and EMS. With an extensive literature survey on EMS...

Control Strategies in Dc Microgrid Environment

Microgrids are changing the traditional approach of addressing energy demands in a variety of communities and businesses. They open up new paths to a carbon-free, dependable, and resilient electric system. DC Microgrids are becoming more prevalent as power electronic converter technology advances. Today and in the future, higher fuel prices, deregulation, and environmental constraints present more opportunities for the use of renewable energy sources (RES) in power systems. A micro grid idea is necessary to integrate renewable energy sources into the electrical system. As a result, this proposed system has a micro grid control mechanism involving solar (PV), battery energy storage systems (BESS)and wind. To begin, voltage control alternatives for an island micro grid are investigated using hierarchical control approaches. Furthermore, the cost and electricity generated by renewable sources are calculated. Finally, this study presents an energy management system for micro grid functioning. In grid-connected mode, MATLAB and Arduino programming are used to find the lowest cost of electricity generation and power availability. The simulation results indicate that the suggested solutions are close to being accurate and efficient. The corresponding hardware model has been implemented.