University governance in China and Japan: Major findings from national surveys (original) (raw)

Changes in Japanese universities governance arrangements 1992–2017

Studies in Higher Education, 2020

Based on two national surveys of Japanese faculty members, the purpose of this study is to analyze whether changes had occurred in key aspects of governance arrangements in both national and private universities in Japan from 1992 to 2017. This study focuses on the changing relationships between national universities and the central government and the internal governance and management style at institutional level, due to the application of new public management theory and market mechanisms to universities in Japan. The main findings show: (1) the changing trends of governance arrangements in Japanese universities did not seem to be more managerially-oriented and centralized in general between 1992 and 2017; (2) actual changes did not occur in some aspects of governance arrangements in Japanese universities; (3) changes in governance arrangements in private universities present a sharp contrast to those occurring in national universities. This research has important implications that the current governance patterns in Japanese universities should be improved, and top administrators should provide more competent leadership.

A Comparative Study of Higher Education Governance in Greater China

International Dialogues on Education Journal

During 1980, many Western countries launched public administration reforms. These reform waves also blew over to many Asian countries. With the advent of globalization and the rise of knowledgebased society, education and innovation are regarded as the driving forces behind social and economic growth and development. To enhance the national capacity, education reforms have also become common agendas among nation states since the 1980s. This paper aims at critically reviewing and comparing majorpolicies and strategies of the higher education reform adopted by the respective government in Greater China, including mainland China, Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan and Singapore. The key research questions are why these countries attempted to reform their higher education and if these countries achieve the desired results and comply with good governance. In this paper, four areas, "Rule of Law," "Transparency," "Effectiveness," and "Accountability" are ...

The governance in the development of public universities in China

This paper examines institutional governance of the public university in China, investigating the extent to which government has sponsored the autonomy of universities since the inception of the opening up reforms of 1978. The paper sets out to explain how the party governance system of China is interconnected with aspects of the university’s governance, little commented upon in academic literature outside of China. In particular, it explores how the Presidential Accountability System under the leadership of the University Committee of Communist Party (UCCP) operates.

University Governance and Academic Leadership in the EU and China

Advances in Educational Marketing, Administration, and Leadership, 2019

This chapter analyzes the background, structures, problems and challenges, reforms, and trends in the governance of higher education institutions in China. It concludes that the centralized governance and management system of higher education institutions in China is deeply affected by the long history of centralized culture, and the current administrative and management system of state political power. The system has undergone many reforms and changes, and it is expected to undergo more reforms and changes in the coming decades.

A Dual System of Chinese University Governance: Perceptions of Employees and Students

2020

In the leadership of higher education globally, national governments play their role differently, and nowhere more so than in China, where the relationship between Chinese institutions and the government is significantly different from that experienced by Western institutions. In essence, what exists in Chinese higher education institutions is a dual system of university governance, which involves, on the one hand, the Communist Party Committee, and on the other, the university president, administrators and faculty. This paper presents an exploration of the dual managerial system in a university in southern China that is less than ten years old. Is a dual system of leadership the most suitable one for universities in today’s China, given the increasingly rapid pace of changes in the educational landscape? This case study aims to explore how this dual system is perceived by staff and students, by examining their experiences of a twin-pronged leadership system. A qualitative approach ...

The Changing Role of Governance in China’s Higher Education System

International Journal for Cross-Disciplinary Subjects in Education, 2016

Traditionally education in China has been subjected to rigorous central regulation by the Chinese government. During the last two decades it has undergone processes of decentralization to reduce centrally directed activity. This article is devoted to exploring the educational effects of higher education policy from the establishment of new China in 1953 to 2013. It uses multiple policy documents to critically examine the special features of Chinese higher education administrative system, which is represented as a strong sense of "state instrumentism", and analyzes the relationship between the central and provincial governments and higher educational institutions. With an analysis of policy texts, this study discusses the challenges that Chinese government confronts with while renovating its higher education and proposes strategies to address this challenging situation. Taking Guangdong government's policy as an example, this paper examines the role of the Guangdong provincial government in the process of renovating and developing local higher education.

Organization and Governance of Universities

Higher Education Policy, 2007

The article analyses how the dominant ideals about the actual organizational patterns of university governance have changed over the past few decades away from the classical notion of the university as a republic of scholars towards the idea of the university as a stakeholder organization. In this article, we first look at some general supranational trends, often assumed to influence developments on a global scale. Then, we present some ideas about change processes in universities and academic organizations and analyse how they may help us understand how change may be promoted or limited by the characteristics of such processes. In the following section, we present some research findings about national variation regarding the extent to which changes have taken place in a comparative crossnational perspective. Finally, we discuss how change and variation may be understood in terms of the concept of higher education regimes.

A Study on the Governance Structure of Modern Universities

The university is an important position in the dissemination of culture and knowledge, and is responsible for the mission of cultivating builders and successors for the cause of socialism. Perfecting university governance structure and modern university system is the inevitable requirement of guaranteeing the quality of personnel training in colleges and universities. At present, China's universities have many problems in university system and governance structure to be solved in the process of development and reform of higher education. How to establish the rule system of management and operation which is suitable for the development of university is the core of the university system construction. The core of university governance structure is a series of institutional arrangements to coordinate the related interests. This paper focuses on the core connotation of modern university governance structure, studies the theoretical basis of university governance structure and its decision-making mechanism, and gives the research goal, reform content and model of university governance structure which is based on modern university system. Comprehensively deepen the reform of higher education, and actively explore the pattern of university governance structure, provide necessary reference for the construction of modern university governance structure and system with Chinese characteristics.

Institutional governance in the development of private universities in China

In this qualitative study, the form and features of institutional governance in private universities in China are investigated. Using a comparative case study approach, it focuses on two private universities, each with differing institutional histories and forms of governance. It draws on thematic analysis of extensive documentation relating to the governance of private higher education and data from in-depth interviews with 26 senior managers on 38 separate occasions. Through the lenses of principal–agent and stewardship theories, the roles of the Council, as the governing body, and the University Committee, as executive team, in the institutional governance of private universities are explored. The principal features of the two governance forms relating to autonomy and control of shareholders and managers are identified. The paper fills a gap in the study of the institutional governance of Chinese private universities in English literature. As such, it provides insight into practice for policymakers, senior managers, and academics in the field of governance of private universities.