Nutritional evaluation of spent and uninoculated mushroom substrate of Pleurotus ostreatus grown on cassava peels and sawdust (original) (raw)
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The study evaluated the nutrient compositions of Pleurotus ostreatus (Jacaum, ex. Fr. Kummer) grown using different agricultural waste: sawdust, sugarcane (Sacharum officinarum) peels, plantain leaves and corn cobs. The proximate compositions of P. ostreatus fruit bodies varied significantly (P≤ 0.05). Matured fruit bodies of P. ostreatus harvested from sawdust and sugarcane peel substrates had significantly (P≤ 0.05) the highest content of moisture (15.20%) and ash (5.23%) respectively. The Corn cob substrates yielded P. ostreatus with significantly (P≤ 0.05) the highest amount of protein (9.38%) and lipids (8.5%); and lowest amount of carbohydrates (51.76%). Crude fibre was found more in the fruit bodies of P. ostreatus harvested from sugarcane peel substrates (8.23%) followed by corn cobs (7.28%). The mineral content varied significantly (P≤ 0.05) from 0.43-0.90, 0.12-0.30, 9.20-14.6, 7.30-13.0 and 1.5-2.7 mg/100g for iron, sodium, potassium, phosphorus and calcium respectively. P. ostreatus from sugarcane peels had significantly (P≤ 0.05) the highest mineral content except for calcium. Vitamin C content ranged from 1.3 mg/100g for corn hob to 1.8mg/100g for sawdust. The study revealed that sugarcane peel and corn hob in terms of the proximate and mineral composition are better substrate for the growth of P. ostreatus. It is therefore recommended that these agricultural wastes should be used in the cultivation of P. ostreatus. Besides producing nutritious mushrooms, this will help to reduce the huge agricultural wastes within our environment that sometimes when not properly managed caused serious environmental pollution.
Seven agricultural wastes (saw dust, coir, sugarcane baggase, sugarcane leaves, cotton waste, banana leaves and rice straw) were used as substrates or nutrient source for the production of mushroom (Pleurotus florida) to investigate the nutritional composition of mushroom. In some cases significant variation was found in nutritional parameters among the mushrooms grown in different substrates. The amount of protein found in mushroom cultivated in banana leaves was significantly higher (at P≤0.05) than in any other substrate. Also lipid, fiber, carbohydrate and ash content differ although in less extent. In most of the cases nutritional composition of mushroom corresponds to the nutritional composition of substrates, however there is some exception. This happens because nutritional requirements of mushroom are fulfilled by the substrates. Also mushroom has the capability to convert complex carbohydrates of substrates to edible proteins which is found in their fruiting bodies. For thi...
Food Science and Technology
The use of supplemented agricultural waste in mushroom cultivation can be one of the environmentally friendly strategies for poverty alleviation. The study evaluated the performance of Pleurotus pulmonarius mushroom grown on maize stalk supplemented with varying levels of wheat bran (WB) and maize flour (MF). A completely random design was used for the experiments. It was observed that Pleurotus pulmonarius was significantly affected by varying levels of supplementation, as 20% WB supplementation encountered higher contamination. The lower supplementation levels gave significantly shorter colonisation period with better mycelial growth rate (MGR). The 2% MF, 2% WB and 4% WB gave significantly higher MGR and faster colonisation. The shortest pinning time (TP) was observed at the first flush with the minimum of 2 days. Higher supplementation levels gave maximum yield and biological efficiency (BE). With further increase of supplementation above a 12% WB and 14% MF, the BE and yield declined. Lower supplementation levels resulted in quicker colonisation period and improved growth rate, whereas high supplementation gave better production in terms of yield and BE. Therefore, for the purpose of maximum production, 12% WB and 14% MF may be recommended while for fast production time, 2% MF and 2% WB are recommended.
2015
Effects of various sawdust substrates, namely Fig tree (T2), Rain Tree (T3), Mahogany tree (T4), Ipil ipil tree (T5), Eucalyptus tree (T6) and mixture of all sawdust (T1), supplemented with 30% wheat bran and 1% lime were analyzed on the growth and nutritional composition of Pleurotus ostreatus mushroom. The highest amount of carbohydrate (42.36%), calcium (31.98 mg/100g) and magnesium (19.85 mg/100g) were found in the T4 sawdust substrate treated mushrooms. Whereas, moisture (90.20%), ash (13%), phosphorous (0.91%) and molybdenum (14.76 mg/100g) were highest for the T1 substrate treated mushrooms. The highest amount of dry matter (10.53%), lipid (4.46%), nitrogen (4.52%), iron (42.55 mg/100g), zinc (27.65 mg/100g) and selenium (6.77 mg/100g) were obtained for T2 substrate treatment. The highest amount of crude fiber (20.53%) and the lowest lipid (3.43%) was found for T6 substrate. Protein (27.30%) and potassium (1.28%) were found to be highest for T5 substrate treatment. However, t...
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of various substrates on spawn running time, yield and biological efficiency (BE) of Pleurotus ostreatus (Jacq. ex. Fr) , compositional changes of substrates after growth mushroom and to evaluate its potential use as a feedstock. In the study, chickpea straw (CS) was used as basal substrate (80 %), while some of agricultural wastes such as cotton seed hulls (CSH), olive press cake (OPC), sunflower seed press cake (SPC) and sugar beet pulp (SBP) were added at the rate of 20 % to basal substrate. It was determinated that all of agricultural wastes tested in the study, except SBP, are economically viable alternatives for P. ostreatus (Jacq. ex. Fr) growers. On the other hand, the increment in ash, N, P, K, Mg, Fe and Mn content and the decrease in moisture, pH, C, C:N, Zn and Cu, cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin content of substrates were observed after mushroom production. According to this results, we can suggest that CSH, OPC and SPC can be used as a additive material for P. ostreatus (Jacq. ex. Fr) cultivation and spent mushroom substrates may be a valuable material as a feedstock, because of higher nutritional content and digestibility.
Asian Journal of Research in Botany, 2020
Pleurotus ostreatus is a widely cultivated mushroom across the globe, known for its nutritional and therapeutic properties with a low rate production technology and increased biological efficiency. This study was aimed at determining the nutritional composition of P. ostreatus grown on four dissimilar substrates. P. ostreatus was cultivated on sawdust, cornhusk, banana leaves and a combination substrate consisting all three via spawn inoculation. The first flushes from each substrate were harvested and air-dried to constant weight. The nutritional composition like moisture content, ash content, protein, carbohydrate and vitamins were evaluated according to standard procedures. Three out of the four substrates produced fruiting bodies. Cornhusk showed the highest value (49.03%) for carbohydrate content surpassing the other substrates while the mushroom sample from sawdust treatment showed the highest level of protein with a value of 32.10%. The vitamin contents evaluated for the three substrates presented a significant value in vitamin A and E, with vitamin C being the least vitamin composition ranging from 37.90 mg kg-1 in combination substrates to 38.80 mgkg-1 in sawdust sample. Above all, the combination substrate showed the least nutritional content amongst all the other values obtained. This study has shown that P. ostreatus grown on cornhusk had the highest carbohydrate while sawdust had the highest protein content hence, the use of these substrates is recommended for optimal nutritional benefits.
Journal of Agricultural Food Science and Biotechnology, 2022
Article Information This study was conducted to compare the growth and nutritional contents of Pleurotus ostreatus and Calocybe indica grown on various substrates. Spawns of P. ostreatus and Calocybe indica were inoculated into sterilized cornhusk, sugarcane bagasse, sawdust and plantain stem. Calcium diphosphate and rice bran were mixed with them to optimize the growth of the mushrooms. The linear growth on the different substrates was determined by measuring the length from the top of each treatment bag to the point where the spawn was showing a whitish colour. Each substrate's initial flushes were collected and air-dried to a consistent weight. According to standard procedures, the nutritional contents were assessed; these include the amount of moisture, ash, protein, carbohydrate, and vitamins. After twelve weeks of inoculation, three of the substrates produced fruiting bodies with sawdust showing the highest mycelial growth of P. ostreatus while sugarcane bagasse did not produce fruiting bodies. Results from the nutritional analysis showed that carbohydrate, crude fat, and ash contents were significantly higher (P<0.05) in P. ostreatus grown on plantain stem, the protein was higher in sawdust substrate and crude fiber was higher in cornhusk. Also, Vitamins A and E recorded high values in P. ostreatus grown on sawdust followed by cornhusk and plantain stem which had the lowest value. The findings from this study showed that the utilization of different agricultural wastes as substrates for the production of mushrooms could be economically valuable to meet the health and nutritional needs of the world's population.
Information Processing in Agriculture, 2017
The spent mushroom substrate (SMS) is a byproduct of cultivation of oyster mushroom (Pleurotus spp.) and represents the composted substrate that remains after completion the harvested crop. This study mentioned the role of some effective date palm wastes in improving spent mushroom substrate properties which containing fibers of date palm Phoenix dactylifera L. (Fibrillum), mixed with white sawdust and wheat straw in three formulas. These mixtures of SMS namely, SMS1 (wheat straw), SMS2 (wheat straw 70%, sawdust 20% and date palm fiber 10%) and SMS3 (wheat straw 50%, sawdust 30% and date palm fiber 20%) were obtained from locally mushroom farm in western Iraq and sent to determine some properties such as moisture content, dry matter, EC, pH, ash, carbon, nitrogen, protein contents and C:N ratio. Generally, determinations of Hydrogen ion concentration (pH) for SMS extracts had acidic value at average 5.06. The higher EC was 3.30 ms/cm for SMS1-P. ostreatus (white), while the lower value reached to 1.13 ms/cm for SMS3 of same species. The higher nitrogen content was 9.98 g/kg for SMS3-P. ostreatus (white), SMS1 of P. salmoneostramineus and SMS2-P. ostreatus (white), while, SMS3-P. salmoneostramineus had lower nitrogen content (6.65 g/kg). The higher C:N ratio was reported with SMS3 of P. salmoneostramineus at value 35.36, while SMS2-P. ostreatus (grey) had ratio 22.03, significantly (p< 0.05). Overall, these SMS was suitable as a natural fertilizer and soil amender in agriculture and horticulture fields.