Six tree species physiological responses to air pollution in Pulogadung Industrial Estate, East Jakarta, Indonesia and Universitas Indonesia Campus, Depok, Indonesia (original) (raw)
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BIOEDUSCIENCE
Background: Air pollution is a threat to the environment. Sources of air pollutants in urban environments can be in the form of dust, heavy metals, and hydrocarbons. Plants can help clean air pollutants from the atmosphere by absorption through the stomata, accumulating them, or by adsorption on the leaf surface. The Air Pollution Tolerance Index (APTI) is used as an evaluation benchmark for the Physiological conditions of plants exposed to air pollution. This research aims to study the physiological conditions of six tree species in air conditions in the Depok City area and to assess the plants' tolerance level based on the APTI calculation. Methods: The physiological parameters measured to calculate APTI were ascorbic acid, total chlorophyll, leaf extract pH, and Relative Water Content (RWC). The six tree species used as objects in this study were Artocarpus altilis, Artocarpus heterophyllus, Bauhinia purpurea, Ficus septica, Filicium decipiens, and Nephelium lappaceum. Result...
Air pollution tolerance index (APTI) of tree species: A review
International Journal of Chemical Studies, 2017
Air pollution tolerant index is an index denotes capability of a plant to combat against air pollution. Plants which have higher index value are tolerant to air pollution and can be used as sink to mitigate pollution, while plants with low index value show less tolerance and can be used to indicate levels of air pollution. Plants play an important role in monitoring and maintaining the ecological balance by actively participating in the cycling of nutrients and gases like carbon dioxide, oxygen and also provide enormous leaf area for impingement, absorption and accumulation of air pollutants to reduce the pollution level in the environment. The tolerant species of plants function as pollution “sink” and therefore a number of environmental benefits can be desired by planting tolerant species in polluted areas. For this purpose, evaluation of plants with respect to their tolerance level to air pollution may be essential.
Identification of tree species that can biologically monitor air pollution and can endure air pollution is very much important for a sustainable green belt development around any polluted place. To ascertain the species, ten tree species were selected on the basis of some previous study from the campus of the University of Burdwan and were studied in the pre-monsoon and post-monsoon seasons. The study has been designed to investigate biochemical and physiological activities of selected tree species as the campus is presently exposed to primary air pollutants and their impacts on plant community were observed through the changes in several physical and biochemical constituents of plant leaves. As the plant species continuously exchange different gaseous pollutants in and out of the foliar system and are very sensitive to gaseous pollutants, they serve as bioindicators. Due to air pollution, foliar surface undergoes different structural and functional changes. In the selected plant species, it was observed that the concentration of primary air pollutants, proline content, pH, relative water holding capacity, photosynthetic rate, and respiration rate were higher in the pre-monsoon than the post-monsoon season, whereas the total chlorophyll, ascorbic acid, sugar, and conductivity were higher in the post-monsoon season. From the entire study, it was observed that the concentration of sulfur oxide (SO x), nitrogen oxide (NO x), and suspended particulate matter (SPM) all are reduced in the post-monsoon season than the pre-monsoon season. In the pre-monsoon season, SO x , NO x , and SPM do not have any significant correlation with biochemical as well as physiological parameters. SPM shows a negative relationship with chlorophyll 'a' (r = −0.288), chlorophyll 'b' (r = −0.267), and total chlorophyll (r = −0.238). Similarly, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and the total chlorophyll show negative relations with SO x and NO x (p < 0.005) during the post-monsoon season. Proline shows a positive relationship with SO x in the pre-monsoon season whereas in the post-monsoon season proline content shows a positive relationship with both SO x and NO x. The present study facilitates to screen eight sensitive and two moderately tolerant tree species according to their air pollution tolerance index (APTI) values.
Jurnal Lanskap Indonesia, 2018
Plant tolerance against air pollutants from industrial estate can be assessed based on the change of physiological parameters calculated according to APTI (Air Pollution Tolerance Index by Singh). However, based on previous research, APTI formulation was less accurate, the results obtained between macroscopic and physiological observations are not always sync. Additional physiological parameters, i.e. total carbohydrates as main product of photosynthesis process was need to be examined. Therefore, purpose of this study were to examine the physiological parameters that indicate the level of tolerance of plants sensitivity to air pollution and to analyze the level of tolerance of tree species to air pollution in industrial estate. The method used in this research were survey method, along with macroscopic parameters (leaf area, leaf number, and leaf hue), microscopic parameters (stomatal density, leaf and palisade thickness) and physiological parameters (ascorbic acid content, total chlorophyll, leaf pH, water content, and total carbohydrate) observation of tree species which exposed to pollution and non-pollution (control). The results of this research showed that total carbohydrate as an additional parameter affected the level of tolerance by 49.2% and thus modified the APTI formulation and changed the classification range of plants tolerance. Results showed that the tolerant plants were Polyalthia longifolia Sonn., Polyalthia fragrans (Dalzell) Hook. f. & Thomson, Erythrina crista-galli L., and Casuarina junghuhniana Miq.; moderate tolerance were Hibiscus tiliaceus L., Samanea saman (Jacq.)Merr. and Acacia auriculiformis A. Cunn. ex Benth; and intolerant were Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit, Pterocarpus indicus Wild., and Swietenia mahagoni L.
Physiological Responses of Some Tree Species to Air Pollution Stress around Bhadravathi Town, India
Monitoring the effects of air pollutants on vegetation is very important to assess their possible damage to natural vegetation and crop plants. In this sense, ambient air quality monitoring was carried out during 2006-2008 at five sampling sites of Bhadravathi town. The concentration of suspended particulate matter was higher (41.02-236.56 μg/m 3) than the concentration of nitrogen oxides (4.15-19.69 μg/m 3) and sulfur dioxide (1.90-13.23 μg/m 3). Four tree species (Polyalthia longifoia, Mangifera indica, Pongamia pinnata and Acacia auriculiformis) were selected to determine the effect of air pollution; the tested trees showed variation in biochemical parameters between sampling sites. The reduction in the range of ascorbic acid (1.80-4.99 mg/g of tissue), pH (5.2-6.5), relative water content (49-79%) and total chlorophyll content (1.39-2.77 mg/g of tissue) in tested trees at sampling sites versus trees at control site was significant. The variation among the biochemical parameters in the leaves of tested trees was directly attributed to the air pollution at Bhadravathi town.
AN ASSESSMENT OF AIR POLLUTION TOLERANCE CAPABILITY OF COMMON TREES IN CHIANG MAI CITY, THAILAND
Vegetation is highly recognized as an alternative method for removing pollutants mainly through deposition, absorption, and accumulation processes, moreover, they can clean air by providing oxygen to the atmosphere. In this study, seven common tree species in Chiang Mai city were selected for evaluating air pollution tolerance index (APTI). Four important biochemical parameters including ascorbic acid content (AA), total chlorophyll content (TCh), leaf extract pH (LEpH), and leaf relative water content percentage were computed together to calculate the air pollution tolerance index. The study was conducted comparatively in two different seasons, i.e. in the month of October 2016, the highest peak of rain and humidity, and in the March, 2017 the dry and polluted season. Mangifera indica was found to be tolerant, Ficus religiosa, and Butea monosperma were found to be moderately tolerant, while Polyalthia longifolia, Lagestroemia speciosa, and Plumeria rubra were recognized as intermediately tolerant tree species, moreover, Alstonia scholaris was recorded as a sensitive tree species. The results were further statistically analyzed by using t-test showed that at 95% confidence level, there were no significant differences between the means of two seasonal groups of the air pollution tolerance index (APTI) value and biochemical parameters.
Evaluation of air pollution tolerance index of trees
To develop the usefulness of plants as bio indicators requires an appropriate selection of plant species which entail a highly important for a particular situation. The present study was undertaken to evaluate air pollution tolerance index (APTI) of five different plant species around City area and Navsari Agricultural University campus (Control). Among the trees in the selected area Cassia fistula depicted highest APTI value as compared to other species followed by Saraca asoca and Sizygium cumini and proved to be tolerant variety in the city area as per the APTI value. However, Tectona grandis and Terminalia catapa found to be intermediate sensitivity for the polluted site (City area). Hence, it is recommended to plant S. asoca, S. cumini and C. fistula trees in city / industrial area to cope the environmental problem. The study also suggests that performance index might be very useful in the selection of appropriate species which can be expected to perform well for the developmen...
Evaluation of air pollution tolerance index of tree species of Bikaner city (Rajasthan)
The holistic approach to environment, 2023
The air pollution tolerance index (APTI) is one of the modern tools for assessing the impacts of air pollutants on plant physiology. The value of APTI is different for different plant species. Plants with higher values of APTI are tolerant and act as a sink due to their bioaccumulation ability for air pollutants. Hence, they can be planted to establish green belts in areas with severe air pollution, especially in industrial zones. The present investigation was carried out to assess the APTI values of top twenty urban tree species of the Bikaner city of NorthWestern Rajasthan. The leaf samples were taken from selected roadside trees distributed in the residential, commercial and industrial zones of the city. On the basis of APTI values, it was observed that Leucaena leucocephala (23.41), Eucalyptus camaldulensis (21.87) and Cassia siamea (21.39) had an APTI value above 20 and they are therefore classified as tolerant species. Similarly, Pongamia pinnata (9.48) showed APTI under 10, therefore it falls into the sensitive category. 80 % of the total species in the studied area are categorized as a moderately sensitive category. There were no plant species in very sensitive (APTI < 1) and very tolerant (APTI > 30) category.
A comparative study for air pollution tolerance index of some terrestrial plant species
Although water and land pollution are very dangerous, air pollution has its own peculiarities due to its transboundary dispersion of pollutants over the entire world. In any well planned urban set up, industrial pollution takes a back seat and vehicular emissions take precedence as the major cause of urban air pollution. In the present study, Air pollution tolerance index was calculated for various plant species growing at two sites Nagal village at Sahastradhara Road and the Clock Tower (the experimental site) of Dehradun city, India. The leaf samples were collected from 7 commonly present tree species. The results showed significant effects of various air pollutants on the vegetation in terms of four biochemical parameters analysed. Four physiological and biochemical parameters, which are leaf relative water content, Ascorbic acid content, total leaf chlorophyll content and leaf extract pH were used to compute the air pollution tolerance index values. Statistically significant difference was observed between control and experimental group for Ascorbic acid, t(6)=-4.848,p=.003. Paired t test for air pollution tolerance index between the two groups showed a statistically significant difference, t (6) = -4.548, p=.004. On the basis of air pollution tolerance index values for above mentioned seven tree species, Eucalyptus globus exhibited the highest degree of tolerance at all the sites followed by Ficus religiosa > Mangifera indica > Polyalthia longifolia > Phyllanthus emblica > Citrus limon > Lantana camara.
2014
Air pollution has become an extremely serious problem for the modern industrialized world during last few decade (Rajput et al., 2004). In India, the problem of air pollution has assumed serious proportions in most of the major metropolitan cities, where vehicular emissions contributed about 72% and industrial emissions about 20% to the ambient air pollution (Garg et al., 2001). Regional impact of air pollution on local plant species is one of the major ecological issues. The climate condition, the physico-chemical properties of air pollutants and their residence time in the atmosphere have the impact on surrounding plants and animals (Wagh et al., 2006). The present study was taken to measure ambient quality of air from Waluj MIDC area,near Aurangabad & also to compare the differences between the analysis of particular matters on the leaf surfaces and the susceptibility levels of different plants have been determined on the basis of their Air Pollution Tolerance Indices (APTI). The...