Steganographic Method in Selected Areas of the Stego-Carrier in the Spatial Domain (original) (raw)
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International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE), 2022
Information security is one of the main aspects of processes and methodologies in the technical age of information and communication. The security of information should be a key priority in the secret exchange of information between two parties. In order to ensure the security of information, there are some strategies that are used, and they include steganography and cryptography. An effective digital image-steganographic method based on odd/even pixel allocation and random function to increase the security and imperceptibility has been improved. This lately developed outline has been verified for increasing the security and imperceptibility to determine the existent problems. Huffman coding has been used to modify secret data prior embedding stage; this modified equivalent secret data that prevent the secret data from attackers to increase the secret data capacities. The main objective of our scheme is to boost the peak-signal-to-noise-ratio (PSNR) of the stego cover and stop against any attack. The size of the secret data also increases. The results confirm good PSNR values in addition of these findings confirmed the proposed method eligibility.
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Steganography is a way to convey secret communication, with rapid electronic communication and high demand of using the internet, steganography has become a wide field of research and discussion. In this paper a new approach for hiding information in cover image proposed in spatial domain, the proposed approach divides the host image into blocks of size (8x8) pixels and message bits are embeds into the pixels of a cover image. The 64-pixel values of each block converted to be represented in binary system and compared with corresponding secret data bits for finding the matching and hold 6-pixels. The search process performed by comparing each secret data bit (8-bits) with created binary plane at the cover image, if matching is found the last row of the created binary plane which is (LSB) is modified to indicate the location of the matched bits sequence “which is the secret data” and number of the row, if matching is not found in all 7th rows the secret sequence is copied in to the co...
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Information hiding has several branches. One is called as steganography. Steganography has a wide variety of techniques whereby a certain amount of secret information is embedded inside a medium. The medium format can be of any kind. However, the simplest file format is an 8-bit gray scale image. The original image is called a cover image. Likewise, once some secret bits are embedded, it is called stego-image. The most challenging issue is how capable a technique is to conceal the very existence of secret information in the stego-image. Steganographic techniques are evaluated in terms of imperceptibility and capacity. Imperceptibility means how visible secret information is to the human eyes in the stego-image. On the other hand, capacity means the maximum amount of secret information embedded. Conventional Least Significant Bit (LSB) insertion method is the basic concept for steganographic techniques. LSB method embeds secret bits in LSB(s) of the cover image. A pixel which carries a fraction of secret data is called a target pixel. The more surrounding pixels around a target pixel are utilized to find the most appropriate capacity value, the more precise capacity value is achieved. This paper proves that discovering the best capacity value brings about an improvement in terms of imperceptibility. Most of the steganographic techniques use either three or four adjacent pixels around a target pixel whereas the proposed technique is able to utilize at most all eight adjacent neighbors so that imperceptibility value grows bigger. The proposed method is called A-MSPU which stands for Adaptive More Surrounding Pixels Using.
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This paper presents a cover selection steganography method based on introduction of a technique for computing steganography capacity as a property of images. An ensemble system that uses different steganalyzer units, determines the upper bound of embedding rate in a cover image. In this technique, each steganalyzer unit is a combination of multiple steganalyzers with a same type but each one trained to detect stego images with a certain payload. Our proposed method minimizes the risk of detection by selecting a proper cover image that its steganography capacity is sufficient to hide a specific secret data securely. Experimental results demonstrate the efficiency and practicability of the proposed technique in enhancing the security of stego images.
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This paper presents the most techniques of spatial domain that used in image steganography where it is used to hide confidential message under a cover image. Steganography is a much better way to convey a secret message compared to cryptography. This is because cryptography is outlawed while steganography can avoid such policies to pass message covertly. Steganography is one of the most common techniques of securing information, which insists on concealing the clandestine data within the cover image in a way that nobody suspects to its existence. The challenge of steganography techniques is to make a reasonable balance between the file and the size of data that can be exchanged. Furthermore, the strength of the strategy and the security of the mysterious data are the fact that can't be hidden.
Steganography and its Advancements in Spatial Domain
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In the modern era, with the advancement of wireless communication, and Digital Signal Processing (DSP) techniques, enormous data is exchanged over the internet by many users which can be accessed worldwide that increases the possibility of attack over network. Many techniques are developed in the past that protect data from such attacks. Steganography is one of the popular techniques that protect data from unauthorized persons. It has increased to a great extent for transferring secret information by wrapping the secret data into another data for security. Generally, bits are replaced in the least significant bits and this technique is known as Least Significant Bit (LSB) steganography. The primary goal of steganography is to protect data in such a way that attackers do not know the existence of the secret content in the cover data. Also, steganography also takes care that modification in cover object should be indiscernible by the subjective testing. Steganography can be easily use...