Nouvelle Approche d'Etude de la Vulnérabilité à la Pollution des Eaux Souterraines : Cas de la Nappe Mio-Plio-Quaternaire du Bassin du Tadla (Maroc (original) (raw)

Groundwater protection methods, based on maps of the vulnerability of aquifers to pollution, make it possible to characterize an area according to its aptitude for self-protection. The aim of these studies is to develop the territory taking into account the risks likely to threaten the aquifers directly exposed to pollution problems and to make corrections in the already contaminated areas. The assessment of the vulnerability to pollution of the groundwater in the Tadla basin was based mainly on the integral analysis of the intrinsic parameters acting directly on the propagation of a pollutant and recommended by the DRASTIC method. However, the imprecise and ambiguous nature of the definition of certain parameters was the main source of the problems frequently observed when applying this method. Based on this observation, a more physical view of the vulnerability concept is proposed, based on the examination of the intrinsic attenuation capacity of a pollutant. This property reflects the self-purification mechanisms and processes of groundwater and depends mainly on the hydraulic permeability and the nature of the aquifer materials. The ratings and weights given to the various factors have made it possible to draw up a vulnerability map of the water table, which shows several zones classified according to the degree of vulnerability and sensitivity to pollution. then this study made it possible to obtain three identical vulnerability classes with the method used: a low vulnerability class, a medium vulnerability class and a high vulnerability class.