Environmental Impacts of Pulp Paper Mill Effluent: Potential Source of Chromosomal Aberration and Phytotoxicity (original) (raw)

The compounds of pulp paper mill effluent discharged after secondary treatment is a major source of environmental toxicity, which is not yet known. The physico-chemical analysis of discharged effluent showed various pollution parameters (pH, TDS, TSS, BOD, COD) beyond permissible limit. Furthermore, the BOD, COD ratio of discharged effluent <0.2 this indicated not biodegradable properties of effluent. Therefore, persistent longer in environment and caused toxicity to aquatic resources. The analysis of effluent showed the presence of endocrine disrupting chemicals along with genotoxicity compound i.e. hexadecanoic acid and octadecenoic acid. Majority of these pollutants are androgenic and mutagenic in nature derived from plant steroid, fatty and resin acids of the plant during pulping processes which were not degraded by bacterial communities during biological treatment of effluent. Presences of recalcitrant pollutants along with a mixture of heavy metals i.e. Fe (81), Zn (31), Cu...

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