Serratia marcescens SCH909 as reservoir and source of genetic elements related to wide dissemination of antimicrobial resistance mechanisms (original) (raw)
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Microorganisms
Molecular insights into the mechanisms of resistance to disinfectants are severely limited, together with the roles of various mobile genetic elements. Genomic islands are a well-characterised molecular resistance element in antibiotic resistance, but it is unknown whether genomic islands play a role in disinfectant resistance. Through whole-genome sequencing and the bioinformatic analysis of Serratia sp. HRI, an isolate with high disinfectant resistance capabilities, nine resistance islands were predicted and annotated within the genome. Resistance genes active against several antimicrobials were annotated in these islands, most of which are multidrug efflux pumps belonging to the MFS, ABC and DMT efflux families. Antibiotic resistance islands containing genes encoding for multidrug resistance proteins ErmB (macrolide and erythromycin resistance) and biclomycin were also found. A metal fitness island harbouring 13 resistance and response genes to copper, silver, lead, cadmium, zinc...
Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 2002
We analyzed the role of integrons in the dissemination of antibiotic resistance in a recent multiresistant clinical isolate, Serratia marcescens SCH88050909 (SCH909). This isolate harbors three integrons, all on a 60-kb conjugative plasmid. By PCR, hybridization, and sequencing analyses, we found that integron 1 has the dfrA1 and ant ( 3 ") -Ia cassettes. The first cassette in integron 2 contains the ant ( 2 ") -Ia gene, separated from its attC site (59-base element) by a 1,971-bp insert containing a group II intron; this intron codes for a putative maturase-reverse transcriptase on the complementary strand and is the first such intron to be found associated with an integron. The attC site is followed by a novel aminoglycoside resistance gene, ant ( 3 ") -Ii-aac ( 6 ′) -IId , which has been characterized for its bifunctional ANT(3")-I and AAC(6′)-II activities. DNA sequence analysis of this fused cassette suggests that insertion and excision due to the integrase ...
Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases, 2014
In this study, genetic environments of the transferable plasmid-mediated bla CTX-M-3 gene were characterized among 14 isolates of cefotaxime-resistant Serratia marcescens using PCR and BLAST DNA sequence analysis. A total of 3 types of genetic architectures in the regions surrounding this bla CTX-M-3 gene were identified. Type I architecture was characterized by the presence of a complete insertion sequence of tnpA-ISEcp1, identified as interrupting a reverse IS26 sequence in the upstream region of the bla CTX-M-3 gene. A reverse-directional orf477 fragment was located downstream of the bla CTX-M-3 gene, which was in the same direction of the mucA gene. A common region containing the orf513 element was located upstream of the mucA gene. Moreover, a copy of the 3?-CS2 element was located immediately upstream of the orf513 element. A novel complex class 1 integron was characterized by the presence of the dfrA19 gene, which was flanked by two copies of class 1 integrons. This is the first report to describe the dfrA19 gene within a novel complex class 1 integron in S. marcescens isolates from Taiwan. This novel complex class 1 integron structure was located distantly upstream of the bla CTX-M-3 gene.
Replicon typing of 71 multiresistant Serratia marcescens strains
Research in Microbiology, 1994
Repticon typing is the identification of plasmids by hybridization with specific DNA probes which contain the genes involved in plasmid maintenance. This new method has been used to classify plasmids into replicon Irep) groups which can often be correlated with incompatibility (lnc} groups. We studied 71 multiresistant Serratia marceseens strains with 19 rap probes constructed from reference plasmid replicons belonging to known tnc groups. These probes are known to react with enteric bacterial plasmids, However. they did not repcesent the totality of the thirty known Inc groups. For 52 % of the studied strains, plasmids were identified and classified into groups FIB, FIC, FIIA, HI2, L/M, N, B/O, P, W, Y and Comg. Most (79 %l of the plasmid preparations hybridized with a single rep probe, and 21% hybridized with two different probes. Electrophoretie analysis of DNA suggested that double hybridization could result from the presence of either two different Inc plasmids in the same strain (e.g. S37] or one single plasmid with a multireplicon (e.g. $113).
Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 2011
A carbapenem-resistant Serratia marcescens strain, 10mdr148, was identified in a Japanese hospital in 2010. The carbapenem resistance of this strain was attributed to the production of a novel metallo--lactamase (MBL), named SMB-1 (Serratia metallo--lactamase). SMB-1 possessed a zinc binding motif, H(Q)XHXDH (residues 116 to 121), H196, and H263 and was categorized as a member of subclass B3 MBL. SMB-1 has 75% amino acid identity with the most closely related MBL, AMO1, of uncultured bacterium, recently identified through the metagenomic analysis of apple orchard soil. The introduction of bla SMB-1 into Escherichia coli conferred resistance to a variety of -lactam antibiotics, penicillins, cephalosporins, and carbapenems, but not aztreonam, a resistance pattern consistent with those of other MBLs. SMB-1 demonstrated high k cat values of >500 s ؊1 for carbapenems, resulting in the highest hydrolyzing efficiency (k cat /K m ) among the agents tested. The hydrolyzing activity of SMB-1 was well inhibited by chelating agents. The bla SMB-1 gene was located on the chromosome of S. marcescens strain 10mdr148 and at the 3 end of the ISCR1 element in complex with a typical class 1 integron carrying aac(6)-Ib and catB3 gene cassettes. Downstream of bla SMB-1 , the second copy of the 3conserved segment and ISCR1 were found. To our knowledge, this is the first subclass B3 MBL gene associated with an ISCR1 element identified in an Enterobacteriaceae clinical isolate. A variety of antibiotic resistance genes embedded with ISCR1 have been widely spread among Enterobacteriaceae clinical isolates, thus the further dissemination of bla SMB-1 mediated by ISCR1 transposition activity may become a future concern.
Transposable elements in Escherichia coli antimicrobial resistance
Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology, 2013
Transposable elements are capable of switching their positions on the genome thereby causing gene arrangements and contributing to genome evolution. The aim of this review is to specifically discuss the role of transposable elements in transferring antimicrobial resistance genes in E. coli, thus contributing to increase in virulence and conferring the possibility of multidrug resistance. Different types of transposable elements such as transposons and integrons and their profound influence on E. coli antimicrobial resistance are the focus of this review.
PLOS ONE, 2018
Conjugation is a type of horizontal gene transfer (HGT) that serves as the primary mechanism responsible for accelerating the spread of antibiotic resistance genes in Gram-negative bacteria. The present study aimed to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the conjugationmediated gene transfer from the extensively drug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (XDR-AB) and New Delhi Metallo-beta-lactamase-1-producing Acinetobacter baumannii (NDM-AB) to environmental isolates of Acinetobacter spp. Conjugation experiments demonstrated that resistance to ticarcillin and kanamycin could be transferred from four donors to two sodium azide-resistant A. baumannii strains, namely, NU013R and NU015R. No transconjugants were detected on Mueller-Hinton Agar (MHA) plates containing tetracycline. Plasmids obtained from donors as well as successful transconjugants were characterized by PCRbased replicon typing and S1-nuclease pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (S1-PFGE). Detection of antibiotic resistance genes and integrase genes (int) was performed using PCR. Results revealed that the donor AB364 strain can transfer the bla OXA-23 and bla PER-1 genes to both recipients in association with int1. A 240-kb plasmid was successfully transferred from the donor AB364 to recipients. In addition, the aphA6 and bla PER-1 genes were cotransferred with the int1 gene from the donor strains AB352 and AB405. The transfer of a 220-kb plasmid from the donors to recipient was detected. The GR6 plasmid containing the kanamycin resistance gene (aphA6) was successfully transferred from the donor strain AB140 to both recipient strains. However, the bla NDM-1 and tet(B) genes were not detected in all transconjugants. Our study is the first to demonstrate successful in vitro conjugation, which indicated that XDR-AB contained combination mechanisms of the co-transfer of antimicrobial resistance elements with integron cassettes or with the plasmid group GR6. Thus, conjugation could be responsible for the emergence of new types of antibiotic-resistant strains.
FEMS Microbiology Letters, 2010
We report a Serratia marcescens and an Escherichia coli isolate simultaneously detected in the same patient. Both isolates showed susceptibility patterns suggestive of harbouring a plasmid-mediated AmpC beta-lactamase (pACBL) and a plasmid-encoded quinolone resistance (PMQR). PCR-based replicon, MOB typing, plasmid profile and Southern hybridization analyses revealed that both isolates coharboured bla(DHA-1) and qnrB genes on the same IncL/M-MOB(P13) plasmid approximately 70 kb in size. Together with the fact that both plasmids were conjugative in the laboratory, these results strongly suggest that a horizontal transfer event could take place in vivo. This is the first report of an isolate of S. marcescens harbouring a pACBL. The only phenotypic method that suggests the presence of a pACBL in an isolate harbouring an inducible chromosomal AmpC enzyme is the observation of scattered colonies near the edge of the inhibition zones of some beta-lactams. The presence of both resistance genes on the same plasmid and the reported increase in PMQR could perhaps explain the widespread distribution of bla(DHA-1) genes.
Role of transposable elements in Escherichia coli antimicrobial resistance
Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology
Transposable elements are capable of switching their positions on the genome thereby causing gene arrange- ments and contributing to genome evolution. The aim of this review is to specifically discuss the role of trans- posable elements in transferring antimicrobial resis- tance genes in E. coli, thus contributing to increase in virulence and conferring the possibility of multidrug resistance. Different types of transposable elements such as transposons and integrons and their profound influence on E. coli antimicrobial resistance are the focus of this review.