'Development Journey of Pakistan from 1947 to 2023' (original) (raw)
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Development Journey of Pakistan from 1947 to 2022; Lesson Learnt viz-a-viz Other Countries
Candid Post , 2023
This article delves into Pakistan's multifaceted developmental trajectory from its inception in 1947 to the present day. Employing a rigorous analysis backed by concrete facts and figures, it offers a nuanced exploration of Pakistan's evolution across social, economic and political domains. Drawing comparative insights viz-a-viz other nations, this study sheds light on Pakistan's unique challenges and accomplishments. From the early years of nation-building to the contemporary landscape, the article unveils pivotal turning points, policy decisions, and socio-political dynamics that have shaped the nation. By examining key indicators, policies and global benchmarks, this comprehensive analysis provides a holistic view of Pakistan's journey, offering valuable insights for scholars, policy makers and global observers interested in understanding the complex dynamics of a nation's development.
Pakistan: Charting a New Course to Development1
2019
Over the last seven decades of Pakistan’s history, an economic structure has emerged that is characterised by three features. First, an inability to maintain high growth in national income per person over the long run. Second, endemic mass poverty accompanied by growing inequality between social groups and regions of the country. Third, persistent dependence on aid. These features manifest underdevelopment, which can be defined as a condition whereby the actualisation of the human potential of a society is systematically constrained. Pakistan’s underdevelopment is fundamentally rooted in a socio-economic environment that restricts access over high quality education, constrains competition and where hiring is often not based on merit. This precludes equality of opportunity for individuals to develop their capabilities. Consequently, the human potential of society remains untapped.
Rethinking Pakistan’s Development Strategy
THE LAHORE JOURNAL OF ECONOMICS
The objective of this paper is to set out the key components of a development strategy for Pakistan. A fundamental premise of our analysis is that the world economic environment is changing dramatically and a development strategy today must position itself to take advantage of the changes taking place. The paper is divided into five sections: First, we provide a brief review of Pakistan’s experience with development strategies so far. Next, we discuss the changes that have occurred, or are taking place in the global economy, which have strategic relevance for Pakistan. In the third section we look at the current situation in Pakistan with regard to the potential drivers of growth, based on the earlier discussion of the global developments. In the final section key elements of an alternative development strategy for Pakistan are outlined.
Factors Affecting Development Oriented Policy in Pakistan
Factors Affecting Development Oriented Policy in Pakistan., 2002
Without portraying a precise picture of Pakistan’s geo-social composition, it is spurious to understand the discourse and impediments of its’ politico-economic development. Pakistan is a significant developing country of South Asia, who won it freedom from British imperialism (along with India) in 1947. It shares its borders with China in the north, India in east, Afghanistan and Iran in the west and spreads over Arabian Sea in the south. Geographically it holds extreme variety from glacial mountains and frosty valleys in the north-east to the sizzling wastelands of south-west and from alluvial rich plains of river Sindh to vast arid terrains and stacks of the mid-west. Likewise, Baluch, Sindhi, Siraiki, Punjabi, Pashtune and several other minor groups interweave the ethno-lingual tapestry of Pakistani society. Administratively it is divided in to four provinces i.e. Sindh, Punjad, NWFP , Baluchistan and a Federally Administrated Tribal Area (FATA) and Islamabad as the federal capital.
Shifting Development Paradigms: Sequencing Pakistan's New Growth Framework
Journal of South Asian and Middle Eastern Studies, 2012
A trend setter in Asia up to the sixties, economic management in Pakistan has steadily deteriorated to the point where the economy has, for the past few decades, lurched from one financial crisis to the next. At the heart of the problem has been the poor management of public finances and deep-seated unresolved structural issues in the economy that bad management and poor governance has exacerbated. The consequences of this secular decline in economic governance are plain to see: macroeconomic instability, high inflation, poor public services, criminal neglect of the social sectors, widespread corruption, crippling power outages, growing unemployment, deepening poverty and a deteriorating debt profile. 2
Pakistan's economic system: a stage of transition
1971
The purpose of this article is to examine the different possible paths the Pakistan People’s Party could take following its coming into power in December 1971. For this purpose the paper examines the economic and political forces that were operating in the country at that time, the main options open to it and the consequences and limitations of the path it eventually takes.
Development Economics: Status Quo & Problems & Policy Solution- A Pakistan’s Economy Context
In simple, Globalization & WTO regime has adversely affected Pakistan's economy. WTO negates anything which blocks the way of free movement of goods and services from one market to another on a basic assumption of improving the human lifestyle. WTO demands open market access for foreign goods and services in the local market without any discrimination by creation of tariff or non-tariff barriers. Pakistan is also required to provide a Most Favored Nation (MFN) status to all trading partners which means non-discriminatory treatment among the members implying on any imports or exports origination from respective countries. If Pakistan provides an MFN status to India for example; this implies to the question why like India Pakistan is not reciprocating to given the same MFN status. The major reason is that the total GDP of Pakistan is $ 60 billion and if India can subsidize all its imports of an equal amount this will create havoc for the local Pakistani industry. In case of GATT, it requires all countries to reduce there respect rates to a given limit, and here WTO provides special preferential treatment to the developing and least developed countries by giving them more time and more flexibility to adjust to the global trade liberalization system. So far so good. But in reality, with specific reference to Pakistan under IMF conditionality and structural adjustment program Pakistan has to reduce its tariff from 65% to 30% gradually, and WTO also requires the same.
The Pakistan Development Review
Pakistan has been facing a deep-seated economic and financial crisis and seemingly intractable governance issues for the last few years. Factors such as international sanctions and global economic slowdown, which have worsened Pakistan’s economic difficulties, were beyond Pakistan’s control. But by and large, the country’s economic and financial difficulties are the result of economic mismanagement in key areas over long periods. Bad governance, as reflected in widespread corruption and poor delivery of public services, and especially poor law and order have given birth to a crisis of confidence in the state. It is argued here that despite this scenario, a long and arduous process of building institutions, setting the policies right, and enforcing a rule-based governance stressing both merit and accountability can put Pakistan back on the road to shared prosperity. Resolving financial problems, accelerating demographic transition, exploiting tremendous agricultural potential, improv...