A simulator based on LED technology to study daylight on architectural scale models (original) (raw)
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Design of new daylight simulators on architectural scale models
SHS Web of Conferences, 2019
To enable students to evaluate the impact of light on the scale models of their architectural projects, two physical simulation systems have been built: a mirror box and a sun and sky simulator. Both devices integrate LED-based light sources. We have integrated several models for the computation of the sky image: luminance models and colour appearance models. The integration of the recent and evolving LED technologies explains how our simulators are innovative.
Evaluation of daylight performance in scale models and a full-scale mock-up office
International Journal of Low-carbon Technologies, 2010
The effective and good daylight design has many challenges according to the dynamics nature of daylight. The best way to improve daylight performance is to take a closer look on the behaviour of lighting the interior of sample building spaces. Scale models are commonly used to assess daylighting performance of buildings using an artificial sky for purpose of research and teaching as well as practice. In this paper the daylight assessment performance of the artificial sky at the Stuttgart University of Applied Sciences, Department of Architecture is evaluated. A method was developed, that allows analyzing the main sources of errors by progressive stages. The field measurements were preformed in a South-South-East faced full scale mock-up office. The four photosensors were placed on the middle axis of test office and scale models and the illuminance was measured from these points. The luminance distribution of the sky and the sun at the time of every single measurement was recorded with a luminance camera and fisheye lens. The measurements were done also with three different façade systems which are Venetian blinds with daylight guiding equipment, horizontal louvres and light shelf. This study is an attempt to identify the main sources of experimental errors occurring in the assessment of building daylighting performance by means of scale models. It is aiming to find a correlation between luminance distribution of the sky and outside direct illuminance and internal illuminance levels and describes a strategy for energy efficient lighting design.
Daylight simulation in buildings
PLEA 2008, 2008
Emphasis on daylight is given to non-domestic buildings because in such buildings the specificity of the activities or the high levels of illumination demand a more careful control on daylighting examined for design purposes. Clearly energy saving in that situation is one of the reasons for that emphasis. This paper deals with light coming into the rooms through the window providing natural light once the window is considered the only system that provides and controls light flux and distribution. Rooms can be classified according to their occupancy and use, and then many different activities requiring different illumination levels can be developed in the same space. Room's classification is the first step to establish the ratio window to the floor area for daylight purposes. Therefore the aim of the present work is to investigate window’s characteristics as a mean to assess daylighting. Windows’ parameters were taken up to calculate daylighting for 12.00m² rooms. The simulated cases were accessed varying windows position, shape, size and geometry, maintaining in all cases 3.60m² area. This methodology can be applied in architectural education aiming students’ comprehension about users’ comfort and energy savings. ECOTECT and Radiance softwares were used to simulate the proposed windows’ parameters.
Computer daylight simulations in buildings
Newly designed buildings should be optimized with respect to sufficient indoor illuminance and solar protection against glare effect and indoor overheating. The optimized building design must be based on solutions of many design alternatives and case studies, as well as necessary assessments should be carried out in order to find optimum solutions which can be completed via the help of computer simulation programmes. Some of the simulation programmes could be helpful for modelling of indoor daylighting in rooms and spaces with various types of daylight systems and their positioning in buildings. The paper focuses on a series of computer daylight simulations completed for the selected room with four different types of window openings specified for optimizing the building design for daylighting.
Frontiers of Architectural Research, 2014
This article discusses the measurement and simulation of a first generation prototype of Virtual Natural Lighting Solutions (VNLS), which are systems that can artificially provide natural lighting as well as a realistic outside view, with properties comparable to those of real windows and skylights. Examples of employing Radiance as a simulation tool to predict the lighting performance of such solutions are shown, for a particular case study of a VNLS prototype displaying variations of a simplified view of overcast, clear, and partly cloudy skies. Measurement and simulation were conducted to evaluate the illuminance distribution on workplane level. The key point of this study is to show that simulations can be used to compare an actual VNLS prototype with a hypothetical real window under the same sky scenes, which was physically not possible, since the test room was not located at the building's façade. It is found that the investigated prototype yields a less rapidly drop illuminance distribution and a larger average illuminance than the corresponding real window, under the overcast (52 lx compared to 28 lx) and partly cloudy (102 lx compared to 80 lx) sky scenes. Under the clear sky scene, the real window yields a larger average illuminance (97 lx) compared to the prototype (71 lx), due to the influence of direct sunlight.
486: Daylight simulation in buildings
2008
Emphasis on daylight is given to non-domestic buildings because in such buildings the specificity of the activities or the high levels of illumination demand a more careful control on daylighting examined for design purposes. Clearly energy saving in that situation is one of the reasons for that emphasis. This paper deals with light coming into the rooms through the window providing natural light once the window is considered the only system that provides and controls light flux and distribution. Rooms can be classified according to their occupancy and use, and then many different activities requiring different illumination levels can be developed in the same space. Room's classification is the first step to establish the ratio window to the floor area for daylight purposes. Therefore the aim of the present work is to investigate window’s characteristics as a mean to assess daylighting. Windows’ parameters were taken up to calculate daylighting for 12.00m² rooms. The simulated c...
Daylighting with external shading devices: design and simulation algorithms
Building and environment, 2006
In this paper, simplified algorithms to assess the indoor natural illuminance on a prefixed point with external fixed shading devices are presented. The main aim of the proposed approach is to simplify calculations for the two basic cases of dynamic analysis, required by advanced hourly simulation packages, and first-stage building design. The proposed method is based on the split of the internal illuminance into two components, due to the direct and diffuse sun radiations, expressed by the Solar System Luminous Efficacies ( ...
Empirical Validation of Daylight Simulation Tool with Physical Model Measurement
American Journal of Applied Sciences, 2010
Problem statement: In recent years, daylighting simulation tools have been increasingly used by many architects, engineers and researchers to evaluate the day lighting performances of building design. Most of these tools employ CIE sky models for simulation. However, the accuracy and applicability of these tools for tropical sky are doubtable. The aim of this study was to validate the computer simulated result with scaled physical model results measured under real tropical sky. Approach: Daylighting model was constructed using scaled physical model to be tested under real sky measurement. The same model was configured in Desktop Radiance 2.0 to perform day lighting simulation experiments. All the measurements were carried out under intermediate and overcast tropical sky conditions in Malaysia; while related CIE sky conditions were used for simulations. Results: Due to the CIE sky conditions are very dissimilar from the actual tropical sky; simulated absolute value results such as external illuminance, absolute work plane illuminance and surface luminance recorded high mean differences from the measured results, with 81.63; 71.06 and 49.71%, respectively. However, relative ratios such as Daylight Factor (DF) yielded mean difference of 26.06% and luminance ratio was 29.75% only. The average mean difference was 44.37%. Conclusion/Recommendations: To compare the performances, relative ratios such as DF and luminance ratio showed better accuracies. For future research, validation on other parameters can be performed such as orientations, angle of the overhang, glazing, window sizes, colors, environment settings and electric lighting.