Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis in Pediatric Cancer Patients (original) (raw)
Related papers
Indian Journal of Medical and Paediatric Oncology, 2020
Background: Cerebral sinus venous Thrombosis (CSVT) is a rare complication of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) treatment, with an incidence rate ranging from 1.1% to 2.9%. Steroids and L-asparaginase (LASP) are the major risk factors. Methods: The aim of this study was to find the incidence rate and risk factors for CSVT in our patients. Ninety-two pediatric ALL diagnosed and treated with ALL-Berlin–Frankfurt–Munster-95 protocol over a period of 5 years (2013–2017) were the subject of the study. Six (6.5%) patients developed CSVT during their therapy and were further analyzed. Results: Six (five males and one female) patients had a CSVT event. The mean age at presentation was 13.5 ± 4.1 years. CSVT event occurred during the induction/re-induction phase of chemotherapy. The superior sagittal sinus was the most frequent site of thrombosis. The timing of CSVT was related to using of LASP and steroids. High-risk disease was associated with an increased risk of thrombosis. Infection an...
Pediatric blood & cancer, 2017
Cerebral sinus venous thrombosis (CSVT) is a rare but serious complication of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) therapy. No available consensus exists regarding its risk factors and appropriate management due to the rarity of cases. Out of 209 ALL patients aged 1-21 years treated at the Children's Cancer Center of Lebanon between May 2002 and May 2015, 13 developed CSVT during therapy. Patient characteristics, clinical management, and outcomes were studied. The incidence of CSVT was 6.2% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 3.4-10.4). Using univariate analysis, increased risk of CSVT was observed with age >10 years (odds ratio [OR]: 3.56, 95% CI: 1.13-11.2), T-cell immunophenotype (OR: 4.14, 95% CI: 1.16-14.7), and intermediate/high risk disease (OR: 3.4, 95% CI: 1.03-11.7). The only statistically significant risk factor by multivariate analysis was the treatment as per the intermediate-/high-risk protocol (HR: 15.6, 95% CI: 1.43-171.3). Most cases (77%) occurred in the ...
British Journal of Haematology, 2014
We present a prospective multicentre cohort of 20 children with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) and cerebral sinus venous thrombosis (CSVT). The study covers a period of 5 years and comprises 1038 children treated according to the Nordic Society of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology (NOPHO) ALL 2008 protocol. The cumulative incidence of CSVT was 2%. Sixteen of the thromboses were related to asparaginase and 16 to steroids. Most CSVTs occurred in the consolidation phase. Nearly all were treated with low molecular weight heparin without bleeding complications. Mortality related to CSVT directly or indirectly was 10%, emphasizing the importance of this complication.
2021
Background: Cerebral Sinus Venous Thrombosis (CSVT) is one of many side effects encountered during acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) therapy. Due to the rarity of cases, lack of data, consensus management, no recommendations exist to target the population at risk. Methods: This is a retrospective chart review of 229 consecutive patients diagnosed with ALL and aged 1–21 years, treated at the Children’s Cancer Institute (CCI) between October 2007 and February 2017. Results: The incidence of CSVT was 10.5%. Using univariate analysis, increased risk of CSVT was observed with male gender, age >10 years, T-cell immunophenotype, intermediate/high risk disease, maximum Triglyceride (TG) level of > 615 mg/dL, presence of mediastinal mass, and larger body surface area. With multivariate analysis, the only statistically significant risk factors were maximum TG level, body surface area (BSA), presence of mediastinal mass, and risk stratification (intermediate/high risk). Conclusion: Our ...
Journal of the Chinese Medical Association, 2011
We report the case of a 4-year-old boy with acute lymphoblastic leukemia in high-risk group who suffered from generalized tonic-colonic seizure evolving into status epilepticus, and subsequent left hemiparesis during his first reinduction chemotherapy, consisting of dexamethasone, vincristine, L-asparaginase, and epirubicin. Superior sagittal sinus and cerebral venous thrombosis, predominantly in right side, were proved by brain magnetic resonance imaging. After aggressive treatment with low-molecular weight heparin (LMWH), left hemiparesis improved in 1 week. And he was fully ambulatory 3 weeks later. The second cycle of reinduction chemotherapy was conducted smoothly with the concomitant use of LMWH. This case illustrates the strong correlation of the rare thrombotic complication, superior sagittal sinus thrombosis, and hypercoagulable status secondary to combination use of L-asparaginase and corticosteroid. Early and vigilant recognition of superior sagittal sinus thrombosis and prompt anticoagulation with LMWH may prevent further neurological damage.
Neuropediatrics, 2008
each QOD × 6 (Mah-OPI, Thissen, France). Her consolidation consisted of high dose methotrexate for four cycles. After the fi rst week of maintenance which consisted of dexamethasone 12 mg / m 2 , and L -asparginase 25 000 units / m 2 she developed generalized clonic jerks with up rolling of eyes and drooling of saliva, bladder incontinence and loss of consciousness that lasted for 30 minutes. This was preceded by headache the night before but without a change in the behaviour or altered consciousness. The blood pressure was normal during the clinical episode of seizure. She responded to valium and phenytoin. Her platelet count was normal and a non-enhanced CT of brain was negative for bleeding. Brain MRI done on the same day as the development of the clinical symptoms revealed multiple cortical and subcortical abnormal high signal intensity lesions seen on T 2 and fl uid attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) weighted images ( ᭹ ). The lesions were most pronounced in the parietal lobes bilaterally and to a lesser extent in the occipital, frontal and temporal lobes bilaterally. A similar lesion was seen in the left cerebellum. These lesions did not show abnormal signal on the diffusion-weighted images or restricted ADC to suggest an acute infarct ( ᭹ ᭤ . Post gadolinium administration, these lesions show no enhancement ( ᭹ ᭤ ). MR venography was performed and demonstrated no venous sinus Abstract &
Leukemia & Lymphoma, 1997
A nine-year old girl with T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) had acute severe neurologic complications at the end of the remission-induction chemotherapy course. Thirty-six hours following triple intrathecal (IT) therapy and intravenous (IV) administration of L-asparaginase (L-asp), tetraplegia developed and she became unconscious. She had bouts of hypertension and persistent tachycardia unresponsive to digitalis therapy. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed multiple brain white matter hyperintensities and filling defects in the saggital sinus, suggesting thrombosis. Over the 40 days, in addition to her neurologic compromise she also had transient diabetes mellitus, severe hyperlipidemia, hypoproteinemia and edema, liver and heart failure and staphylococcus aureus sepsis with prolonged bone marrow depression. Despite, coexistence of all these chemotherapy related complications, her neurologic functions and multiple organ failure improved gradually. After a 70 days' period of interruption, chemotherapy was resumed and continued without any further complications. Although, the etiology of her extensive sensitivity to some drugs remains unclear, we believe that it is important to document these unusual events in this child.
Cerebral Sinus Venous Thrombosis due to Asparaginase Therapy
Case Reports in Hematology, 2013
We report a 9-year-old boy with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in high-risk group who suffered from left sided focal seizures and ipsilateral hemiparesis during his induction with Asparaginase chemotherapy. Superior sagittal sinus thrombosis and right frontal hemorrhage were demonstrated on brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans . Anticoagulation was initiated with unfractionated heparin and switched to low molecular weight heparin after 3 weeks and continued for 6 months. At one-year followup, he had complete response to chemotherapy for ALL, with residual mild left hemiparesis, and his MRI scans revealed recanalized venous sinuses. The case highlights the importance of considering cerebral venous thrombosis as a complication of Asparaginase therapy.