Learners’ Willingness to Communicate in a Foreign Language: The Role of Informal Digital Learning of English (original) (raw)
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Australasian Journal of Educational Technology, 2019
This study examined the under-researched relationship between informal digital learning of English (IDLE) activities (receptive IDLE activities and productive IDLE activities), affective variables (grit, motivation, self-confidence and second language speaking anxiety) and willingness to communicate in a second language. Data (N = 183) were collected through a questionnaire from one state university in an English-as-a-foreign-language Indonesian context. The results showed that students’ willingness to communicate correlated significantly with all of the IDLE activities and affective variables. However, only productive IDLE activities, grit, self-confidence, and motivation were identified as the significant predictors of students’ willingness to communicate. Findings suggest that students’ IDLE engagement and affective states play a significant role in a second language communication. In particular, pedagogical benefits of affective variables (e.g., grit, self-confidence, and motiva...
The Willingness to Communicate in English Among Domestic Students in an International Online Class
Theory and Practice in Language Studies
This mixed-method study explored the domestic students' willingness to communicate (WTC) in L2 (English) in an international class. In particular, it investigated the frequency of using English in social interaction with overseas students and online learning activities. In addition, it explored factors contributing to the use of English. In the quantitative stage, 25 students responded to the questionnaire on their frequency in the use of English in social interaction settings and Zoom-room settings. Quantitative data analysis revealed that most domestic students' English use frequency was shallow to moderate. However, the frequency of a few students ranged from moderate to very high. In the qualitative stage, nine students participated in a semi-structured interview concerning the factors contributing to the frequency of the use of English. The frequency in the use of English and the factors contributing to the frequency are provided in this paper.
INVESTIGATING EFL USERS' OF INDONESIAN WORKERS ABROAD ON ENGLISH INFORMAL DIGITAL LEARNING AMALIAH
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This research explores the dynamics of English as a Foreign Language (EFL) users' engagement in informal digital learning among Indonesian workers living and working abroad. The study delves into the multifaceted landscape of informal English language acquisition facilitated by digital platforms, shedding light on the motivations, preferences, and challenges faced by this specific demographic. Drawing on qualitative and quantitative data, this investigation seeks to answer key questions regarding the utilization of digital resources, social media, language exchange platforms, and other informal learning tools by Indonesian workers overseas. It aims to understand how these individuals navigate their linguistic journey, adapt to varying learning environments, and harness technology-driven opportunities for improving their English proficiency. The findings of this study are expected to contribute valuable insights to the fields of language education and migration studies, offering a comprehensive understanding of how EFL users from non-English-speaking backgrounds leverage digital resources to enhance their language skills in informal settings. Ultimately, the research strives to inform the development of more effective language learning support systems for this unique demographic, addressing their specific needs and aspirations in the context of English language acquisition.
Online Informal Learning of English and Motivation to Learn Efl: Correlational Study
JOEEL: Journal of English Education and Literature
The trend of online learning has been intensifying and present is the need for study to align this phenomenon to motivation in order for language teachers to boost students’ achievement. This research is about to inquire the correlation between online informal learning of English and motivation to learn English. Quantitative method was used to measure the correlation between variables. Subjects were students in a boarding school selected with random sampling. To obtain data, questionnaire and interview were conducted. There were 55 students in total that participated in completing the questionnaire and only 16 of them were taken to be considered for the interview. The questionnaire was in Likert Scale about the frequency of English use and about the motivation in learning. Semi-structured interview was used to confirm and expand the data. Statistical analysis of two questionnaire resulted in a positive correlation (correlation coefficient {r} = 0,48). This means that higher values o...
The impact of online use of English on motivation to learn
Computer Assisted Language Learning, 2019
Profound changes in the literacy practices of young people in the early part of this century mean that many are encountering and using English in their personal lives while studying the language formally in school or university, potentially shaping their language development and attitudes. This paper reports a research project which investigated how metropolitan youth in Indonesia were using English online, how this related to their global motivation to learn English, and in particular how it related to their attitudes to classroom English lessons. A mixed method design included a 56-item survey of students at a leading university (n = 308) and follow up interviews with four participants who showed different profiles of activity and motivation. Levels and type of online activity were broadly in line with findings in other contexts, with students favouring entertainment and self-instruction rather than socially-oriented activity; this correlated broadly with a positive attitude to classroom learning, but cluster analysis showed that some individuals exhibited a different pattern of response which was explored in interview. The paper discusses ways in which teachers of learners at lower levels of proficiency, operating under major curriculum constraints, may integrate learners' online informal learning of English into their classroom practice, and how teacher educators might help them do this.
EFL Learners’ Beliefs and Practices on Informal Digital Learning of English beyond Classroom
IJEE (Indonesian Journal of English Education)
ABSTRACTThe present-day English language learning is characterized by educational potentials of digital technology for informal learning context. However, research examining EFL learners’ characteristics on self-directed use of digital devices for language learning remains a paucity of evidence. Addressing this current issue, the present study aims to shed some light on English language learners’ beliefs and practices on informal digital learning of English beyond classroom. A total of 117 Indonesian EFL learners participated in this study through a 5-point Likert-scale survey and semi-structured interview. The results revealed the disparity between the EFL learners’ beliefs and practices on informal digital learning of English. These EFL learners surely believed that informal digital learning activities could significantly enhance the target language skills, but they slightly engaged in digital learning activities beyond the classroom schedule. The results of semi-structured interv...
2019
This paper aimed to explore the experiences of higher education students on Informal Digital Learning of English (IDLE) speaking practices and their personal insight of IDLE influences on their speaking skill. Through this study it is revealed that language learning style on the case of IDLE speaking practice was successfully explained on the practice. This research used interview and participants’ observation. For analyzing the data, the researcher used narrative inquiry model including data collection, data transcription and reporting the narrative study. The participants were two undergraduate female students. Both of them have an experience to go abroad and have a lot of online foreigner friends by IDLE. The result explained that participants have different purposes of practiced IDLE speaking and the way they practiced IDLE speaking. These practices also influenced their speaking aspects such as vocabulary, grammar, fluency, comprehension, and pronunciation. This new learning st...
2019
The aim of this paper was to investigate the influences of informal digital learning of English (IDLE) speaking practices which emerge the boundaries between countries. The researcher used questionnaire, interview, document analysis, and observation as data collection. For analyzing qualitative data, the researcher used narrative inquiry model including data collection, data transcription and reporting the narrative study. The participant were two female undergraduate students of English department in Indonesia. The result explained that IDLE speaking practices influence their self-confidence, motivation, and communication competence. This research also reveald that their language learning strategy through IDLE speaking practice widen their social and culture understanding. This new language learning strategy in informal context helps digital natives in this era to enjoy their learning.
Handbook of Research on Integrating Technology Into Contemporary Language Learning and Teaching, 2018
Synchronous electronic communication has provided opportunities for language learners in different locales to have meaningful dialogue with one another and highlighted the importance of English even in the context of EFL settings. In this chapter, the authors designed an intercultural electronic chat task to see if students from different cultural backgrounds, with different English language abilities, with different L1s, and who have different academic interests would be willing to communicate using English. Sixteen Taiwanese university students, who were marine science majors (lower proficiency group), chatted electronically in small groups with 27 Japanese university students, who had been studying English for two years (higher proficiency group). Student commentary to a broad-based questionnaire revealed that all participants were willing to communicate in English and did so. Even the lower proficiency group found the task meaningful, pointing out that chat gave them the opportunity to participate fully in the discussion, learn from their peers, and gain confidence, all of which motivated them.
The ICT Use of Informal Digital Learning in Enhancing EFL University Students' English Performance
CALL-EJ, 2022
Due to its proximity to English online platforms, an informal environment provides a wide variety of information, communication, and technology (ICT) resources for language learning. This study elaborates on how EFL students perceive the ICT use in informal digital learning of English (IDLE) and how they engage in IDLE activities across individual differences. A total of 993 full-time undergraduate and postgraduate students in Indonesia participated in this study. An online survey and focus group discussion were employed to explore the most frequent IDLE activities, preferred devices, and barriers to performance of those activities. The results depicted that all participants had positive responses to using ICT in their IDLE activities. Playing online games, watching YouTube videos, and engaging in social media information were the behaviors that were undertaken most frequently across all personality differences. Regarding device preferences, most participants tend to use their smartphones rather than other devices (i.e., laptops and tablets). The common barrier faced by the participant was the internet connection. However, the prices of the applications and the ICT competence were the minor barriers experienced by the participants. English language educators may consider the results of this study. Thus, they can discover the solutions to overcome the barriers hindering the students from adopting ICT for their informal learning.