POLYMER MATRIX MATERIAL SELECTION FOR SUSTAINABLE TWO-STROKE MARINE DIESEL ENGINE CROSSHEAD BEARING DESIGN USING TOPSIS METHOD (original) (raw)
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Natural Fibre Selection for Sustainable Two-stroke Marine Diesel Engine Crosshead Bearing
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Two-stroke marine diesel engine components have primarily been made from steel. However, with ever increasing pressure from environmental policies, more sustainable alternative materials are currently being researched. The selection of the best natural fibre as potential material for a two-stroke marine diesel engine crosshead bearing was performed using the Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) method. Eight different natural fibres were applied in ANSYS simulation to obtain the Maximum Stress (von Mises), Maximum Deformation and Weight of the crosshead bearing model. Using these three characteristics in the TOPSIS method, the best natural fibre material was found to be kenaf with a Relative closeness to ideal solution score of 0.955. Future work planned to further investigate the suitability of natural fibre as crosshead bearing material include studies on compressive stress, tribological behavior and effects of cyclic loading, relevant to conditions experienced in highly rated marine diesel engines.
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The current design of the crosshead bearing of a two-stroke marine diesel engine is similar to that of conventional tin-based journal bearings. To consider natural fibre composites (NFC) as replacement material for journal bearings is somewhat unsuitable due to its' limited mechanical properties. For such a feat to be achieved, suitable design improvements would be necessary. By employing the innovation tool, TRIZ (Theory of Inventive Problem Solving) the preliminary step in this design process began by pointing in the right general direction. With the aid of biomimetics, several improved ideas were visualized from the initial thought ideated from TRIZ. Three potential designs inspired by nature have been selected which are the Amazon water lily, the hedgehog spine and the macadamia nut shell.
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Material selection in bearing Industry using multi criteria based TOPSIS methodology
Decisions are made in the best interest of an organization and effective decision making is the vital factor in organizational growth. Selection of appropriate bearing materials for diverse applications is one of the hardest tasks in any bearing manufacturing industry. Material selection, the process of determining the suitable material which provide better performance, quality, durability and efficiency of bearing plays a key role in bearing manufacturing. A systematic and efficient approach towards material selection is necessary in order to select the best alternative for a required bearing application. In other words bearing material selection from among many alternatives on the basis of many attributes is a Multiple Criteria Decision Making problem. This paper proposes an integrated decision making approach based on the various attributes of an alternatives of the bearing material by using one of the most popular decision making tool known as TOPSIS(Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution). The model will help managers and engineers to reach a consensus on material selection for specific application of bearing. The framework of TOPSIS is demonstrated by using various bearing material alternatives available under each category of bearing steel and having different chemical composition for each alternative which are known as attributes. Four major categories of bearing material each comprising of all possible alternatives along with their respective combinations of attributes are demonstrated in order to validate the effectiveness and flexibility of the model.
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One of the major prerequisites for an improved combination of cylinder liner material and piston ring material is a good description of the materials tribological performance. Piston rings operate in three different lubrication regimes and the materials should be characterised for all of them before a final selection is made. A new approach to study the cylinder liner and piston rings (primary drive line in the combustion chamber) is used to characterise five different cylinder liner materials. The utilised test apparatus is working after the block-on-ring principle where the cylinder liner is made into a ring and the piston ring into a block. A short introduction of the test apparatus and its abilities is presented and discussed. Results from comparison and characterisation of five different cylinder liner materials run with a fixed piston ring material will be presented. A preliminary ranking of the materials will be given based on the materials tribological performance. The mater...
Hybrid natural fiber composites made from the combination of natural fiber and synthetic fiber offers the performance solution while in the same time able to provide further balance between cost and sustainability requirements for automotive structural application. Despite such advantages, the task of designing such hybrid composites during materials selection process such as for matrix materials selection are very challenging considering the involvement of multiple conflicting requirements with varying attributes which are needed to be complied simultaneously by the candidate material. In this paper, multi-criteria decision making technique (MCDM) through the integration of Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) method were applied in the materials selection of thermoplastic matrix for hybrid natural fiber composites formulation towards the design of automotive parking brake lever component. Based on literature review, four major types of automotive thermoplastic materials used for passenger car were selected as the materials candidate namely high density polyethylene, low density polyethylene, polypropylene and nylon 6. Moreover, four (4) main design criteria and ten (10) sub-criteria were applied in the selection process based on the product design specifications. The AHP method was first utilized to analyze the weightage of each criteria with respect to the goal and TOPSIS method was later applied to determine the best solution among the thermoplastic material candidates. The overall score shows that polypropylene is the most suitable thermoplastic matrix material for the hybrid natural fiber composites formulation for the intended application. The integrated AHP-TOPSIS method was also found able to provide systematic comparison and selection method to composites designers especially for automotive product development purposes involving hybrid natural fiber composites.
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Materials selection is among the fundamental process involved in automotive product development. Yet, the decision making task is very challenging considering the involvement of multiple conflicting criteria which need to be analyzed simultaneously and selected from list of candidate materials with varying attributes between them, thus multi criteria decision making (MCDM) method is often employed in solving the issue. In this paper, the TOPSIS multi criteria decision making method was applied in the materials selection process of determining the best thermoset matrix for hybrid biocomposites towards the application in automotive bumper beam. Three (3) candidate thermoset materials namely polyester, vinyl ester and epoxy matrics were analysed based on eight (8) performance criteria extracted from the pre-defined product design specification of the bumper beam component. Results from the selection exercise showed that polyester resin is the best thermoset matrix for the hybrid bio-composites construction based on the highest relative closeness to the idea solution score compared to other candidate materials. The use of TOPSIS method was also found able to provide systematic and justified decision making process in gaining the best solution when multi criteria requirement are present and need to be satisfied concurrently.
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Exhaust pollutants from two-stroke petrol engines are a problem for the environment. Biolubricants are a new generation of renewable and eco-friendly vegetable-based lubricants, which have attracted a lot of attention in recent years. In this paper, the applicability of the Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) method to support the process of building the scoring system for selecting an appropriate two-stroke lubricant has been analyzed. For this purpose, biolubricants (TMP-triesters) based on castor oil, palm oil, and waste cooking oil were produced and then utilized in a 200 cc two-stroke gasoline engine to investigate their effects on its performance and exhaust emissions. The results obtained from the use of the entropy technique in the TOPSIS algorithm showed that palm oil-based lubricant took up the greatest distance from the Negative Ideal Solution (NIS) and was selected as the most optimal lubricant for these types of engines.