Chitosan and radiation chemistry (original) (raw)

2010, Radiation Physics and Chemistry

Chitosan as a raw material with special properties has drawn attention of scientists working in the field of radiation processing and natural polymer products development, and also of specialists working in the field of radiation protection and oncologists. Especially the applications concern reduced molecular weight chitosan which still retain its chemical structure; such form of the compound is fostering biological, physical and chemical reactivity of the product. Chitosan degrades into fragments under γ-ray or electron beam irradiation. Antibacterial properties of the product are applied in manufacturing hydrogel for wound dressing and additional healing properties can be achieved by incorporating in the hydrogel matrix chitosan bonded silver clusters. Another possible application of chitosan is in reducing radiation damage to the radiation workers or radiation cured patients. In the case of radioisotopes oral or respiratory chitosan-based materials can be applied as chelators. Applications of chitosan in oncology are also reported.

Study on biological activity of chitosan after radiation processing

Nukleonika

In recent years there is a trend in industry to limit the usage of chemical compounds. Natural polymers are new promising materials that possess important properties like biodegrability or lack of toxicity. Radiation processing of natural occurring polymers is an area of current research for development of new applications. The aim of this study was to determine the impact of ionizing radiation modification on bioactivity of a natural polysaccharide. Chitosan with different molecular weights was investigated as a biostimulator – a biologically active substance that stimulates some growth processes in plants. Chitosan in solid state was irradiated with electron beam from an electron beam accelerator Elektronika 10-10 with a dose range from 50 to 300 kGy. The effects of irradiation on the molecular weight of chitosan were investigated by viscosity and GPC measurements. Non-irradiated and irradiated chitosan at concentrations 0.001,0.01, 0.1 and 1 g/dm3 were used for greenhouse tests o...

Cytotoxic Effect of Chitosan Based Nanocomposite Synthesized by Radiation: In Vitro Liver and Breast Cancer Cell Line

A silver nanoparticle (AgNP) is likely to provide an attractive object for combining a variety of biochemical properties with great therapeutic potential by using radiation. The present study explores the IC 50 value of chitosan-poly (vinyl alcohol) hydrogel (Cs/PVA) and Ag-doped chitosan-poly (vinyl alcohol) (Cs/PVA/Ag) nanocomposite in view of their anticancer application. The aim was to develop (Cs/PVA) based hydrogel synthesized by gamma radiation which could behave both as a nanoreactor for Ag nanoparticle with promising anticancer applications. The (Cs/PVA/Ag) nanocomposite was confirmed by FTIR (Fourier transform infrared) spectroscopy, XRD (X-ray diffraction) and EDX (energy dispersive X-ray) analysis. The anti-cancer activity of the prepared nanocomposites was demonstrated in human liver cancer cell line (HEPG2) and breast cancer cell lines (MCF7). It has significant effects against human liver cancer cell line HEPG2 compared to breast cancer cell line MCF7. Further quantitative analysis on the molecular and protein levels is still required to confirm the impact of chitosan on genotoxic effect before reaching a final conclusion and starting its biomedical application.

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