Sensory profiles, behavioral problems, and auditory findings in children with autism spectrum disorder (original) (raw)
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Auditory discrimination and auditory sensory behaviours in autism spectrum disorders
Neuropsychologia, 2009
It has been hypothesised that auditory processing may be enhanced in autism spectrum disorders (ASD). We tested auditory discrimination ability in 72 adolescents with ASD (39 childhood autism; 33 other ASD) and 57 IQ and age-matched controls, assessing their capacity for successful discrimination of the frequency, intensity and duration differences in pairs of sounds.At the group level, auditory discrimination ability did not differ between the adolescents with and without ASD. However, we found a subgroup of 20% of individuals in the ASD group who showed 'exceptional' frequency discrimination skills (defined as 1.65 SDs above the control mean) and who were characterised by average intellectual ability and delayed language onset. Auditory sensory behaviours (i.e. behaviours in response to auditory sensory input) are common in ASD and we hypothesised that these would relate to auditory discrimination ability. For the ASD group, poor performers on the intensity discrimination task reported more auditory sensory behaviours associated with coping with loudness levels. Conversely, those who performed well on the duration discrimination task reported more auditory sensory behaviours across the full range measured. Frequency discrimination ability did not associate with auditory sensory behaviours. We therefore conclude that (i) enhanced frequency discrimination is present in around 1 in 5 individuals with ASD and may represent a specific phenotype; and (ii) individual differences in auditory discrimination ability in ASD may influence the expression of auditory sensory behaviours by modulating the degree to which sounds are detected or missed in the environment.
Comparison of Sensory Profile Scores of Young Children With and Without Autism Spectrum Disorders
The American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 2001
Objectives. The purpose of this study was to describe the sensory-based behaviors of young children with autism as reported by their parents on the Sensory Profile. Factor scores of children with autism were compared with those of children without autism. Method. The Sensory Profile questionnaire was completed by parents of 40 children with autism 3 through 6 years of age and parents of 40 children without autism 3 through 6 years of age. Results. The performance of children with autism was significantly different from that of children without autism on 8 of 10 factors. Factors where differences were found included Sensory Seeking, Emotionally Reactive, Low Endurance/Tone, Oral Sensitivity, Inattention/Distractibility, Poor Registration, Fine Motor/Perceptual, and Other. Conclusion. Findings from the study suggest that young children with autism have deficits in a variety of sensory processing abilities as measured by the Sensory Profile. Further research is needed to replicate thes...
Sensory features as diagnostic criteria for autism: sensory features in autism
The Yale journal of biology and medicine, 2015
In this study, we examined the frequency of sensory-related issues as reported by parents in a large sample of school-age adolescents and adults with autism/autism spectrum disorder (ASD) [1] as compared to a group of individuals receiving similar clinical evaluations for developmental/behavioral difficulties but whose final diagnoses were not on the autism spectrum. In no comparison were the features examined predictive of autism or autism spectrum in comparison to the non-ASD sample. Only failure to respond to noises had sensitivity above .75 in the comparison of the broader autism spectrum group, but specificity was poor. While sensory issues are relatively common in autism/ASD, they are also frequent in other disorders. These results question the rationale for including sensory items as a diagnostic criterion for autism.
Sensory profile in children with autism disorder and children with typical development
Revista Mexicana de Neurociencia
Objective: The objective of the study was to compare the sensory profile characteristics of the children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and children with typical development (TD) within the ages of 3 and 12 years who attended the rehabilitation center in Barranquilla and Valledupar Colombia. Methods: A study of descriptive type correlation of the sensory profile was conducting using the Short Sensory Profile 2 by Winnie Dunn on boys and girls with an ASD diagnosis and children with a TD. Results: A total of 59 test subjects were included in the study comprised 39 children on the ASD (5 girls and 36 boys) and 28 children with a TD (11 girls and 17 boys). The medium age was 6.97 for the ASD group and 6.61 for the TD group. There are differences in each of the patterns of pre-processing and sensory systems analyzed in children on the ASD and TD (p < 0.05) except at the visual system processing level (p > 0.05). Conclusions: The study indicates that there is a significant difference in between the ASD group and the TD group, these differences indicate that the population with ASD presents higher level in regard to sensory processing patterns in comparison to TD in accordance to each category in the Short Sensory Profile 2 by Winnie Dunn.
Frontiers in Integrative Neuroscience, 2009
A high incidence of sensory processing diffi culties exists in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and children with Sensory Modulation Disorder (SMD). This is the fi rst study to directly compare and contrast these clinical disorders. Sympathetic nervous system markers of arousal and reactivity were utilized in a laboratory paradigm that administered a series of sensory challenges across fi ve sensory domains. The Short Sensory Profi le, a standardized parent-report measure, provided a measure of sensory-related behaviors. Physiological arousal and sensory reactivity were lower in children with ASD whereas reactivity after each sensory stimulus was higher in SMD, particularly to the fi rst stimulus in each sensory domain. Both clinical groups had signifi cantly more sensory-related behaviors than typically developing children, with contrasting profi les. The ASD group had more taste/smell sensitivity and sensory under-responsivity while the SMD group had more atypical sensory seeking behavior. This study provides preliminary evidence distinguishing sympathetic nervous system functions and sensory-related behaviors in Autism Spectrum Disorder and Sensory Modulation Disorder. Differentiating the physiology and sensory symptoms in clinical groups is essential to the provision of appropriate interventions.
Prevalence of sensory behaviours in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder on short sensory profile
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADVANCE RESEARCH, IDEAS AND INNOVATIONS IN TECHNOLOGY
The purpose of the study was to find out the performance of children with ASD belongs to Ahmedabad city by using SSP. It will be useful to understand their behaviour with the help of the caregivers of the children. 50 children with ASD were approached on different platforms and incorporated in the study on the basis of the inclusion and exclusion criteria of the study. The sample does not represent the entire population of children with ASD; therefore the study can be done with a larger sample size. Seventy-Eight (78%) children with ASD diagnosed with a definite and probable difference. Eighty-six (86%) children with ASD obtained a combined score of definite difference and probable differences in Tactile Sensitivity and Under responsive/Seeks Sensation and 64% in auditory filtering. Typical performance of children with ASD was also seen during the research. Forty (40%) children with ASD showed typical performance in Taste/Smell Sensitivity, 38% in Movement Sensitivity, 42% in Low energy/Weak and 46% in Visual/Auditory sensitivity. From the result of this study, different sensory patterns in children with ASD have been revealed. It can be treated with the SIT and with the help of it the child's performance can be improved. SIT can positively affect motor skills, socialization, attention, behaviour control, reading skills, participation in-game activities, and the achievement of personal goals. This study recognizes the importance of assessing the performance of children from different cultural contexts, particularly in relation to their everyday functioning or occupation.
Longitudinal Study of Sensory Features in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder
Autism Research and Treatment, 2017
Background. Between 45 and 95% of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) present sensory features that affect their daily functioning. However, the data in the scientific literature are not conclusive regarding the evolution of sensory features in children with ASD. The main objective of this study was to analyze the sensory features of children within the age of 3-4 (T1) when they received their ASD diagnosis and two years later (T2) when they started school. Methods. We conducted a prospective cohort study to assess sensory features in 34 children with ASD over time. The data were collected using a standardized assessment tool, the Sensory Profile. Results. Our analyses show that sensory features in children with ASD are stable from the age of three to six years. The stability of sensory scores is independent of correction by covariates, such as cognitive level and autism severity scores. Conclusions. Children with ASD have sensory features that persist from the time of diag...
Temperament and Sensory Features of Children with Autism
Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2012
Purpose-This study sought to characterize temperament traits in a sample of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), ages 3-7 years old, and to determine the potential association between temperament and sensory features in ASD. Individual differences in sensory processing may form the basis for aspects of temperament and personality, and aberrations in sensory processing may inform why some temperamental traits are characteristic of specific clinical populations. Methods-Nine dimensions of temperament from the Behavioral Style Questionnaire (McDevitt & Carey, 1996) were compared among groups of children with ASD (n = 54), developmentally delayed (DD; n = 33), and the original normative sample of typically developing children (Carey & McDevitt, 1978; n = 350) using an ANOVA to determine the extent to which groups differed in their temperament profiles. The hypothesized overlap between three dimensional constructs of sensory features (hyperresponsiveness, hyporesponsivness, and seeking) and the nine dimensions of temperament was analyzed in children with ASD using regression analyses. Results-The ASD group displayed temperament scores distinct from norms for typically developing children on most dimensions of temperament (activity, rhythmicity, adaptability, approach, distractibility, intensity, persistence, and threshold) but differed from the DD group on only two dimensions (approach and distractibility). Analyses of associations between sensory constructs and temperament dimensions found that sensory hyporesponsiveness was associated with slowness to adapt, low reactivity, and low distractibility; a combination of increased sensory features (across all three patterns) was associated with increased withdrawal and more negative mood. Conclusions-Although most dimensions of temperament distinguished children with ASD as a group, not all dimensions appear equally associated with sensory response patterns. Shared mechanisms underlying sensory responsiveness, temperament, and social withdrawal may be fruitful to explore in future studies.
Sensory abnormalities in children with autism spectrum disorder
Jornal de pediatria, 2017
The clinical picture of children with autism spectrum disorder is characterized by deficits of social interaction and communication, as well as by repetitive interests and activities. Sensory abnormalities are a very frequent feature that often go unnoticed due to the communication difficulties of these patients. This narrative review summarizes the main features of sensory abnormalities and the respective implications for the interpretation of several signs and symptoms of autism spectrum disorder, and therefore for its management. A search was performed in PubMed (United States National Library of Medicine) about the sensory abnormalities in subjects (particularly children) with autism spectrum disorder. Sensory symptoms are common and often disabling in children with autism spectrum disorder, but are not specific for autism, being a feature frequently described also in subjects with intellectual disability. Three main sensory patterns have been described in autism spectrum disord...