Economic Analysis of Small holder Rice Farmers in Kebbi State, Nigeria (original) (raw)
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Economic Analyses of Smallholder Rice Farmers in Kebbi State, Nigeria
Journal of Agricultural, Earth and Environmental Sciences www.mkscienceset.com, 2023
Abstract This study examined the economic analysis of rice production in Kebbi State, Nigeria. The specific objectives were to identify the socio-economic characteristics of the respondents, estimate the cost and returns, and evaluate the efficiency of resource use. Primary data were used in the study. They were obtained through a questionnaire A total of 160 rice farmers engaged in rice production were investigated. The collated data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, budgetary analysis, and resource use efficiency models. Results from the analyzes revealed that most rice farmers were above productive age, experienced, and could read and write. Empirical results also revealed that rice production is viable with approximately 40% return on investment for every N1 invested in the rice farming enterprise. Resource use efficiency in the study area showed underutilization of seed, farm size, fertilizer, and agrochemicals. It is recommended that the farmers in the study area should be provided with farm input and improved technologies, which could enable them to become more efficient in rice production and further guarantee sustainable growth and food security.
Economics Of Rice Production: A Case Study Of Bauchi Local Government Area, Bauchi State, Nigeria
2017
The study determined the costs and returns of rice production among farmers in Bauchi Local Government Area. Primary data were collected with the aid of structured questionnaires which were administered to fifty (50) purposively selected rice farmers. Data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics, farm budgeting and regression analysis. The study revealed that majority (40%) of the farmers were within the age of 41-50 years with a mean age of 40.5 years. Also, majority of them (72%) were males and 80% had formal education. Furthermore, the result revealed that majority of the farmers (42%) had 1-10 years of farming experience and a mean age of 14.1 years, also 42% had farm size of 1.5-2.4 hectare per farmer with a mean of 2.25 ha . The study revealed that the farmers realized a net farm income of N33, 822.29 per ha. Also the returns on every naira invested as well as operating ratio and fixed ratio were 0.77, 0.45 and 0.14 respectively. The R-square value was 93.1%, Furt...
Economic Analysis of Small Holder Rice Production Systems in Ebonyi State South East, Nigeria
Russian Journal of Agricultural and Socio-Economic Sciences, 2013
189,410.00 NGN (1,222USD) as against 201,166.00 NGN (1,297.85USD) for Swamp rice farmers. The multiple regression (Cobb Douglas) estimates of the determinants of output of upland rice showed that coefficients age, farming experience, farm size, variable inputs and farm income were positively signed at given levels of probability while capital inputs was negative. The Cobb Douglas regression estimates of the determinants of output of Swamp rice showed that the coefficients of education, labour cost, farm size, variable inputs and farm income were positively signed and significant at given levels of probability as well as capital inputs which was negative. The result indicates that net profit from Upland rice cultivation was 92,800.00 NGN (598.71USD) with a Benefit Cost Ratio of N1.55 (1.56USD). The net profit from Swamp rice cultivation was 132,090.00 NGN (852.19USD) and a Benefit Cost Ratio of 1.75 NGN (1.75USD). Access to credit to rice farmers, subsidy on farm inputs, dissemination of improved rice technologies by extension agents and formation of farmer groups were advocated for increased rice production.
Economics of Rice Production in Wase Local Government Area of Plateau State, Nigeria
International Journal of Food Science and Agriculture, 2021
The study examined the rice farmer's productivity in Wase Local Government Area of Plateau State, Nigeria; the objectives were to estimate profitability of rice farming in the study area and determine the socio economic factors affecting rice farmer's productivity. Primary data were used for this study with the aid of well-structured questionnaire. A multi-stage sampling technique was used in selecting rice farmers in the study area. Three major rice producing districts were purposely selected from the Local Government Area followed by the random selection of the villages from each districts. In all, 153 rice farmers were randomly selected from six village's. Gross margin analysis revealed that the production of rice is profitable with the gross margin of N216,576. The multiple regression estimates for determinant of productivity among rice farmers reveals that the coefficient of age, educational level and farm size were negatively significant at 1% level while the quantity of seed and fertilizer were positively significant at 5%. Based on the findings of the study, recommendations are necessary for more sustainable rice production in the study area.
Journal of Plant & Agriculture Research, 2018
The study analyzed the economic of rice production in Gassol local Government area of Taraba State. Data were collected using structured questionnaires administered to 140 respondents' selected using multi-stage random sampling technique. The analytical tools employed were descriptive statistics and inferential statistics. The finding revealed that, majority (70%) of the respondents were male and married. Most (55%) of them were in their prime age and 62% had farming as a primary occupation. The gross margin per hectare of land was N72, 914.1655 implying that rice production is profitable in the study. Multiple regressions result revealed that, the Linear function gave the best fit, and was selected as the lead equation; farm size (X 2), Seeds (X 3), Hire labour (X 6), agro-chemicals (X 5) and Farming experience (X 8) contributed significantly to rice farmers' output in the study area. High cost of inputs, lack of contact with extension agents, poor storage facilities and high cost of transportation were the major production challenges. The study recommended among others; the creation of opportunities for enhanced farmers' accessibility to inputs and as well extension agents should be giving incentive so that they can education farmers' using different mass media communication strategies.
Economics of Rice Production in Ibi Local Government Area, Taraba State, Nigeria
European Journal of Theoretical and Applied Sciences
This study focused on the economics of rice production in Ibi LGA, Taraba State, Nigeria. Primary data were collected from 150 respondents through the use of multi-stage random sampling techniques with the aid of structured questionnaire. The statistical tools used to analyze the data were descriptive statistics, profitability model and multiple regression analytical technique were used. The socio-economic characteristics of the respondents indicates that; 52 % were male, 95% were below 60 years of age, 73% were married, 94% had less than 10 persons in their households, 89% had one form of education or the other, 81% had experience of less than 10 years. The total variable cost of the rice farming was ₦111,140 with labour and fertilizer having the highest share (30% and 29%) respectively, the total fixed cost was ₦32,165, gross margin and gross income was ₦322,445 and ₦465,750 respectively and for every naira invested, 2.25 naira was returned. The regression analysis revealed double...
Resource-Use Efficiency of Rice Production in Kura Local Government Area of Kano State, Nigeria
FUDMA Journal of Agriculture and Agricultural Technology
Rice is an important crop to the Nigerian economy. However, the level of inputs used in its production are not at the optimum level. This study examined the resource use efficiency of rice producers in Kura LGA of Kano State, Nigeria. Data used for the study was obtained by scheduled interview using structured questionnaires administered to 115 respondents selected using a simple random sampling procedure. Descriptive statistics, budgetary techniques and multiple regression were used to analyze the data. Results obtained revealed that the mean age of the farmers was 31 years, most of the farmers were male, educated and with farming experience of 8 years. Results for profitability of rice production showed that the net farm income for rice production was N176922.2 with a return to Naira investment value of 2.7. This implies that 1N invested on rice production would give a return of N1.7. Results for regression analysis showed that farm size, agrochemicals, and labour had a significan...
Economic analysis of rice production by small-holder women farmers in Adamawa State, Nigeria
This study is focused on analysing the economics of rice production by the smallholder female rice-farmers in Adamawa State, Nigeria. Specifically, the study described female rice-farmers' socioeconomic characteristics, analysed their technical and allocative efficiencies, and also assessed their economic efficiency in the area. Primary data were collected from 180 randomly selected female ricefarmers in Adamawa State using a semi-structured questionnaire. Descriptive statistics and stochastic frontier function were used analysing the data collected. Findings of the study revealed that the technical inefficiency of the farmers is influenced by farming experience, education, and access to credit facilities. Also, the allocative inefficiency of female farmers was influenced by education, household size, and access to credits. The result showed that education and access to credit facilities were common factors affecting the technical and allocative efficiency of female rice farmers in the area. The mean economic efficiency of the female farmers was 0.6. Therefore, the study recommends that the government and other actors in the agricultural sector should facilitate women's access to credit facilities and other agricultural information relevant to rice production.
RESOURCE-USE EFFICIENCY AND PROFITABILITY OF OFADA RICE FARMING IN OGUN STATE, NIGERIA. BY
This study focused on the resource-use efficiency and profitability of ofada rice farming in Ogun State, Nigeria, Primary data were collected from a cross-section of 240 farm households involved in ofada rice production. A multi-stage sampling technique using a combination of purposive and simple random sampling method was adopted to select the respondents for interview using a wellstructured, pre-tested and modified questionnaire. Tools of analysis include descriptive, cost and returns, gross margin and regression analyses. It was observed that literacy level was low among the farmers and majority of them were youths (73%). Most of them (59%) utilized their personal savings for farm operations. Also, about 79% of the farmers operated less than 2 hectares of farmland, and the mean farm size was 1.52 hectares. Average number of parcels operated however decreased as farm size increased. The mean yield of rice increased as farm size increased. Average costs on variable resources constituted about 59% of the total cost of production. The Average Return on Investment (AROI) was estimated at 9.84 while the Rate of Return on Investment (RORI) was 884 per cent, thus suggesting that ofada rice production in the study area is quite profitable. AROI and RORI were higher on sole-cropped rice farms than on rice farms inter-cropped with maize. An average of 66%, 47% and 36% of farmers were technically, allocatively and economically efficient, respectively, in the study area. In other words, a significant allocative and economic inefficiencies exist in ofada rice production in the study area (p ≤ 0.05 ). This suggests considerable room for productivity gains for the farms through better use of available resources, given the state of technology. The inefficient small scale farmers (about 79 percent) still dominate in the production of food for the teeming population. Significant structural changes must be made in the process of modernization & getting agriculture moving. To carry out successfully such structural changes major policy variables are needed to formalize & tinker with current laissez faire operations. From the foregoing, there is need for the various governments to gradually de-emphasize the fact that the inefficient small farmers should be the center piece of food production in the state and in Nigeria in general. Adequate land should be made available to farmers, majority of who do not own the farmland. They should be encouraged and empowered by enhancing their status on land being cultivated; this could be by contractual arrangement whereby government, rather than individual land owners provide the land.
Deleted Journal, 2023
This study evaluated comparative profitability and technical efficiency of small-scale rice farmers with and without access to improved production technology in North Central Nigeria. A multistage sampling technique was adopted for this study. The data were collected through a wellstructured questionnaire of 1500 small-scale rice farmers with access to technology and 1500 smallscale rice farmers without access to technology making a total of 3000 rice farmers in the study area. The results showed that the average age of the sampled rice farmers with access to technology was 36 years, while those without-46 years. The results showed that the rice production was profitable for both farmers with and without access to technology. The statistically significant factors influencing the rice production for small-scale farmers with access to technology were the land size (p<0.01), labour (p<0.01), fertilizer (p<0.01) and agrochemical (p<0.01), while the statistically significant factors influencing the rice production for small-scale farmers without access to technology were land size (p<0.01), labour (p<0.01) and agrochemical (p<0.10). The major challenges faced by the small-scale rice farmers with access to technology were the poor credit facilities, shortage of farm input, inadequate rainfall season, high cost of labour and instability in the planting calendar. The F-Chow test showed that there was significant impact on the technical efficiency, productivity and profitability of rice farmers with access to improved technology. Therefore, the study recommends that inputs such as improved seed varieties, fertilizers and chemical inputs should be provided to farmers.