Assessment of the pollution level of the surface waters that cross the crowded urban environments case study (original) (raw)
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SIMI 2015, 2015
Lakes located in urban areas and near urban agglomerations is an important interface between on the one hand, the geographic areas, and, ecology on the other. This determines to be necessary strategic environmental approaches in urban development and in-depth knowledge of the complex issues of urban lakes, such as: flood behavior, the existence of pollution sources, the water quality status, etc. This paper aims to highlight aspects of the water pollution of lakes in Bucharest based on build a conceptual model that includes all relevant information related to the anthropogenic lakes on the river Colentina. All this information allowed to delimiting the study area, as well as 11 control points, respectively locations for sampling and subsequently laboratory analysis of a set of the specific quality indicators for assessing surface water quality. The location of the samples was recorded via GPS, resulting a georeferenced database populated with data that highlight a number of issues related to pollution in urban areas. The main conclusions reveal the existence of the differences both spatial and temporal of the quality status of the lake system analyzed, which are due to the manifestation of a series of the specific factors: local sources of the pollution, the contribution of the rainfall, seasonal changes in water volume throughput lakes etc. The pollution is recorded easily in the sediment accumulation, given that there have been not achieved over time specific maintenance works, such as dredging for lakes in Bucharest.
portiledefier.ro
Water represents an important receiver of the environmental problems generated by human settlements, being the environmental component which transfers many of the environmental externalities (wastewaters, waste, heat, various substances). In Bucharest, an essential part of the urban ecosystem is represented by the lakes along the Colentina River, which occupy 3.25% of the city surface and have a high importance in flood protection, recreation, improvement of environmental quality and receiving some of the city's problems. To assess changes in lakes water quality on the Colentina River it was organized a network formed by 33 monitoring points situated on 9 lakes. The monitored indicators were physical (temperature, conductivity, turbidity, transparency, pH), oxygen indicators (dissolved oxygen, chemical oxygen demand) and nutrients related (ammonium, nitrates, nitrites). The results were correlated with the characteristics of the residential areas situated in the lakes proximity (typology, wastewater management). There was noted a degradation in the water quality for the lakes which have in the shore areas individual residential and an improvement when the shores are covered by green spaces, collective residential, industrial areas, and even open fields. Degradation of water quality means an increased risk of eutrophication and thus a decrease in the value of its use in various urban purposes. Therefore, to implement the Water Framework Directive objectives and to improve the quality of life in the peripheral areas of Bucharest, situated along the lakes of Colentina River, is necessary to increase the sewage network coverage and to limit the uncontrolled waste disposal.
Romanian Journal of Physics
Characterization of seasonal changes in surface waters quality is an important aspect in evaluating temporal variations of rivers pollution due to natural or anthropogenic inputs of point/non-point sources. The present paper aims to evaluate the water quality parameters, in three main potential pollutant sources along the Arges, Olt and Jiu rivers and to extract those parameters that are most important in assessing the water quality. Surface water quality data for 12 physical and chemical parameters collected from 3 different points/rivers thereby before, after and from a main city on the rivers were analyzed during the springtime of years 2010.
Material flow analysis is a useful method for the systematic assessment of flow of materials-substances that are used and transformed through a closed system in space and time. With application of MFA method we can control and determine water quality by the load of water that comes from pollutants and also we can determine sources and flows of pollution within the river network of smaller and larger rivers at all levels. The Danube River is used very intensively through various human activities that produce pollutants. Due to the great complexity of the Danube river system, hydrology, the main problem is the database. To make it easier to solve the problems and challenges the basic complement system has been incorporated in the MFA-material flow analysis. Using a different range, MFA analysis is carried out at different spatial levels, allowing the final formulation of different scenarios for different levels of accuracy. The importance of applying MFA analysis to quantify the probl...
The protection of urban areas from surface wastewater pollutions
MATEC Web of Conferences
In this paper it considered the problem of collection, treatment and discharge into waters of rain and melted wastewater. To reduce the load on the combined sewer system, there are engineering solutions collect rain and melt water for use in the irrigation of lawns and green spaces. Research carried out at the department "Water supply and sanitation", (Russia), confirm the high pollution concentrations of meltwater and rainfall in urban arias. Series of measurements of heavy metal in rainwater runoff carried out in Hungary demonstrates clearly the differences in concentrations in the function of distance from the edge of the road. Also differences are introduced between pollution concentrations in runoff water from within and outside urban traffic roads. The quality of snow cover, forming meltwater is observed to be changing in dependence on roadway location. Quality characteristics of surface runoff and its sediments can be effectively improved with super-high frequency radiation (SHF) treatment which is presented in this paper.
Assessment of the pollutants from stormwater runoff depending on land use in Cluj-Napoca, Romania
A large number of studies have documented the risks and dangers posed by stormwater runoff from urban areas for health, aquatic habitat and water quality. The impervious surface does not allow the infiltration, creating an increase in the peak flow and volume of stormwater runoff, reduce soil humidity, and increase the risk of flooding. The land use, the increased impervious surfaces and the climate change affect the urban, peri-urban and rural areas in Romania. Because of the diffuse nature of pollutants in the urban areas, the quality parameters of urban stormwater runoff are considered variable, both spatially and temporally distributed, but some researchers claim that the spatial distribution has a major impact. This study was conducted to assess the pollutants from stormwater runoff in four areas - different in terms of land use - from Cluj-Napoca city (commercial, industrial, low density residential and high density residential). We evaluated the spatial distribution of pollutants in the stormwater runoff in relation with the land use in Cluj-Napoca, Romania. The water samples were taken from the collection points established across each of the four sites, during six rain events sufficiently intense to generate surface runoff. The experiment consisted in the investigation of the distribution of these parameters in relation with the land use, focusing on the variability. The results show that variations of the concentrations according to the collecting area are considerable; the distribution of pollutants depends on the land use. The pollutant loading of the stormwater runoff in the industrial and high density residential area are the most problematic. The determination of the pollution of the stormwater runoff in urban areas of Cluj-Napoca, depending on land use provides a clear picture of concentrations and, subsequently, of pollutant loads, information required by the design of the stormwater control structures, with special interest for the bioretention cells (SUDS). Through the correct application of the data about this condition of implementation of the bioretention cells, can be achieved the objectives related to the environmental protection and reuse of the water from stormwater runoff in urban areas.
Scientia cum Industria
Urban streams are increasingly suffering from anthropogenic activities, mainly due to domestic sewage. Thus, this study aimed to assess the impact of treated domestic effluent on a receiving water body. Four sampling points were defined. The first was inside the stream, located upstream on the Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP), the second at the WWTP inlet, the third at the plant outlet and the last was located inside the stream, downstream of the WWTP discharge. The study was carried on for a three-year period (2013-2015). Chemical, physical and biological parameters were analyzed. Correlation analysis, Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Euclidean distance dendrogram then assessed the results. At the sampling points related to the stream (spots 1 and 4), a significant distance between conductivity and the other parameters was observed, suggesting a low relation between them. A group of minor related variables (Trophic State Index-TSI-and Chemical Oxygen Demand-COD) was formed. At the sampling points within the WWTP (points 2 and 3), the formation of 3 clusters was observed, and two of them involved TSI, thus indicating that this parameter changes according to the season of the year and the monitoring point. Therefore, the WWTP influences in a significant and proportional way the TSI of the water body in different seasons of the year, suggesting that this is the main parameter to be controlled. The highest TSI were observed during spring and summer.
Assessment of Water Pollution of Water Bodies using GIS - A Review
International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development, 2018
Quality and quantity of water bodies is considered main pillar for sustainable development. Assessment of surface water bodies is required for growing urban cities like Surat. Due to impact of urbanization, the surface water bodies of Surat City have been adversely affected. The main Scope of study is the qualitative classification of the Creek and Tapi River of Surat City based on the effective qualitative parameters in the Indian water standards for drinking purpose. The study focuses on spatial changes in surface water quality based on a examination of physical and chemical parameters.GIS is proper solution for analysing the useful information obtain from spatial and temporal data because this analysis extract information from the available spatial data which can be very helpful in the future decision making. To obtain spatial dissemination of surface water quality parameters (as COD, BOD, pH, DO, Turbidity, EC, TDS, TSS and Chloride), interpolating technique is used.
E3S Web of Conferences, 2019
Diffuse pollution is a major source of contaminants to surface waters in urban areas. Land use activities and the degree of imperviousness have a strong influence on the pollutant loadings and the pattern and distribution of the pollutograph. Uncontrolled discharges of contaminated urban storm water runoff contribute to impairments of water quality in receiving waters. In this study, grab samples of storm water runoff were collected from a small high-density residential catchment area in Bucharest. The pollutant concentrations were analysed for several water quality physical and chemical parameters including pH, conductivity, oil and grease, nutrients, pathogen indicator bacteria and some heavy metals. The storm events were monitored through grab sampling. The sample results for this representative residential catchment area in Bucharest were then compared with data reported from other regions of the world. The analysis demonstrates that the characteristics of the urban runoff quality from residential areas in Bucharest were comparable with data obtained from other areas in the world.
Water Pollution XII, 2014
Water resources in urban areas are often impacted by the intense land use in the cities. The development of a surface water monitoring network is a critical element of water resource sustainable management. The city of Caxias do Sul is the second largest metal mechanic industrial region in Brazil. Industrialization seriously impacts river water quality and is a challenge to public authority supervision. The development of a water monitoring network was the solution public authorities found for the municipality environmental management. The network included 12 stations, monitored over 13 months for 15 physical and chemical water quality parameters. Stations were placed according to maps and satellite images, so as to identify the contributing watershed and land use. Principal component analysis (PCA) was one of the techniques used for data analysis. The first principal component corresponded to the variation of total nitrogen, ammonia, total phosphorus, BOD, COD and electrical conductivity and responded for 76.54% of data variance. The variables that comprised the first component indicated that the main source of water contamination was domestic sewage. The second principal component was composed of chromium, nickel and zinc, suggesting sewage discharge from electroplating industries. The third principal component presented aluminum and iron that are naturally found in local soils. The concentrations of such parameters in each monitoring station Water Pollution XII 133