The Modulation of Anionic and Non-Ionic Surfactants by Various Bacterial Communities from the Activated Sludge (original) (raw)
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Laboratory-scale physicochemical and biological treatability studies were performed on wastewaters discharged from an industry producing household and heavy-duty detergents of powder and liquid type. The characterization of effluents led to the conclusion that the industry was highly pollutant in terms of BOD5, COD, surfactant, phosphorus, oil-grease, suspended solids and pH. By the use of lime in the precipitation stage about 80 % of COD and more than 90 % of phosphorus and anionic surface active agents could be removed. Following the treatment with lime the biodegradation of these wastewaters was investigated in continuously fed activated sludge units. The biokinetic constants of the reaction were determined as k = 0. 76 dol, K •• 972 mg/l COD, a = 0. 58 mg 02/mg COD, b • 0.044 mg 02/mg MLVSS. d. The experimental findings were used in the design of a full-scale treatment system.
Removal and Effects of Surfactants in Activated Sludge System
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The widespread use of detergents has raised concern with regard to the environmental pollution caused by their active substances, which are biorefractory, toxic or persistent. Even though anionic and non-ionic surfactants often used in commercial detergents composition are reasonably degradable under aerobic conditions and not particularly toxic at low concentrations, high concentration of surfactants influenced the activated sludge activity and are harmful for the aquatic environment. In the literature, data on the biodegradability and/or ecotoxicity of a certain type of surfactant (anionic, nonionic, cationic) are usually presented. Our study aimed to assess the biodegradability of a mixture of two types of surfactants (anionic mixed with non-ionic) and also, effects caused by their presence of elevated concentrations to the activated sludge micro-organisms, within a batch experiment. We performed a biodegradability test (according Zahn-Wellens method) on 2 synthetic solutions wit...
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Surfactant toxicity, remediation and associated research are often treated lightly compared to various other environmental problems, especially in various developing countries. Mostly this neglect to environmental pollutants mainly resides in its silent prevalence from household to almost all industries man comes across. We remain quite unaware of the impact of this accumulating toxicant on our daily life; affecting the entire series of the food chain and the environment. Yet to avoid surfactant use is not possible, in any point of view. Thus awareness on the safe use, disposal and remediation of surfactants gains relevance. A detailed account on the various methodologies in surfactant research is provided in this chapter, which could help biologists to evaluate the levels of surfactants in their environment. This chapter also provides concise information on the bioremediation studies of two most widely applied anionic surfactants SDS and LAS using different bacteria isolated from d...
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… del Instituto Espanol de …, 1999
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Pseudo-persistent organic pollutants, such as anionic surfactants (AS), are nowadays among the more complex problems that threaten the aquatic environments and other environmental compartments. The present work describes the identification and efficiency of a consortium, isolated from Algerian industrial wastewater, to remove three anionic surfactants (i.e., sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (SDBS), sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and sodium lauryl ether sulfate (SLES)). The genetic analysis of 16S rRNA indicated that these strains are Alcaligenes faecalis, Enterobacter cloacae and Serratia marcescens. Under aerobic conditions, pH 7.0 and optimum temperature of 30 °C, the mixed consortium allowed to degrade 85.1% of initial SDBS amount after 144 h of incubation with half-life of 20.8 h. While E. cloacae and S. marcescens pure strains eliminated 46% and 41% less SDBS respectively. Evenly, SDS was degraded at only 23.71% by A. faecalis strain. However, the degradation capacity of SDS by the...
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The anionic surfactant sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS), the core components of detergent and cosmetic product formulations, contributes significantly to the pollution profile of sewage and wastewater of all kinds. In this study, 44 SDS degrading strains were isolated by soil enrichment methods and the utilization efficiency was assessed by methylene blue active substances (MBAS) assay and High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method. Isolate S2 which showed maximum degradation was identified as Pseudomonas aeruginosa MTCC 10311 based on phenotypic features and 16 S rDNA typing. The isolate was found to harbor plasmid within the size range of 9-10 kb. The cured derivative of SDS degrading Pseudomonas aeruginosa was obtained at a frequency of 10.7% by incubation with ethidium bromide (500 mg ml(-1) at 40 degrees C. 96% of SDS degradation occurred at 1500 ppm level within 48 hr of incubation, whereas higher concentration of SDS (10000 ppm) showed only 20% degradation. The optimum...
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