RETURNING TO QUAD: INDIA'S SEARCH FOR REGIONAL SECURITY (original) (raw)
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Carta Internacional, 2020
The Quadrilateral Security Dialogue, abbreviated to Quad, comprises Australia, the United States, Japan, and India. Although many think tanks and media outlets have written about recommendations to further this initiative, this essay believes the Quad is only evidence of a rising patchwork of small strategical dialogues within the Indo-Pacific region. The aims here are twofold: (a) to demonstrate the definitions and relevance of the Quad amid the soaring rivalry in the Indo-Pacific; and (b) to grasp this initiative as a "minilateral" grouping, which is settled in a more informal structure than multilateral institutions. In assessing these hypotheses, this research employs a qualitative content analysis of official statements and documents about the Quad meeting and national policies toward the Indo-Pacific. A systematic bibliographical review was applied to refine theoretical frameworks and to triangulate sources. In conclusion, this paper infers the Quad is not as ambitious and strong as previous literature claimed. These four members developed divergent interests in the Indo-Pacific; thereby, an alliance against China seems unlikely.
Electronic Journal of Social and Strategic Studies, 2021
The rise of China has changed the Indo-Pacific region's regional dynamics and led to the geopolitical competition between major powers of the 21 st Century. In 2007 Australia, India, Japan, and the United States initiated QUAD, a multilateral initiative based on shared security interests and mutual geopolitical concerns. Even though the QUAD initiative had limited scope for bilateral and multilateral cooperation , the recent meetings between Australia, Japan, India, and the US created security and strategic concerns for China. China considered this initiative a threat and declared its intention to establish an Asian NATO to protect its economic and strategic interests. However, India-Australia-Japan has claimed QUAD as an economic and democratic initiative to create a free, transparent, and interconnected Indo-Pacific region. However, India can use this collaboration to balance the power politics in the Indo-Pacific region against China's domination. The multilateral cooperation on strategic and military lines will boost India's position in the Indo-Pacific region. This paper's main objective is to analyze the politics of balance of power between India and China in the Indo-Pacific region with QUAD's help and its implication for China.
Assessing indias role and objectives within the quad framework 1685717687 (1)
Alok Yadav, 2023
This research study discusses India’s role and aspirations in the Quadrilateral Security Dialogue, often known as the Quad. The Indo-Pacific region has recently experienced the emergence of the Quad, consisting of the United States, Japan, Australia, and India. Its involvement in this framework profoundly affects the pursuit of India’s national interests and regional security dynamics. To evaluate India’s position within the Quad, the paper thoroughly examines its historical backdrop, strategic imperatives, and changing geopolitical landscape. The research evaluates India’s motives for joining the Quad, its aspirations, and its goals inside the framework by looking at official declarations, policy papers, and professional perspectives. The study also assesses India’s operational problems and potential under this multilateral security system. According to the study, India’s involvement in the Quad shows how much it is emphasizing regional security, maritime cooperation, and its goal to balance China’s dominance in the Indo-Pacific. India’s goals for the Quad include preserving the right to navigate freely, advancing a rules-based system, improving marine domain awareness, and encouraging economic connectedness.
The Quadrilateral Security Dialogue: Towards an Indo-Pacific order?
Policy Report, 2019
The quadrilateral security dialogue, or “Quad,” was reborn in 2017 to secure a “rules-based order in the Indo-Pacific.” Bringing together the US, Japan, India, and Australia, the Quad was initially intended as a mechanism for responding to the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami. However, it quickly became entangled in growing strategic competition across Asia and collapsed in 2008. Although the four countries still sometimes differ in their views of the region’s strategic trends, the Quad’s revival points to a greater alignment of interests this time around. Nonetheless, major challenges to the Quad’s viability remain. First, it is unclear whether the four powers will be able to maximise opportunities for cooperation while ensuring that wider geopolitical rivalries do not again overwhelm the grouping. Second, given that it has been revived to support this “Indo-Pacific” order, the Quad is constrained by the vagueness of the Indo-Pacific concept and the absence of Indonesia.
Shaping Indo-Pacific Strategy: The Quad and India-Japan Relations
2022
This paper examines the development and trajectory of the India-Japan strategic relationship, initially discussing the notion of the FOIP and the role of the Quad. The paper then examines the bilateral relationship outside of the Quad, focusing on (1) relevant diplomatic agreements, (2) trade relations, and (3) defense and security cooperation. The last section arrives at some conclusions on the present and future prospects of the partnership.
Journal of Public Administration and Social Welfare Research, 2014
This study examines the politics of the Quadrilateral Security Dialogue (QUAD) and its impact on India-United States relations by analysing various aspects of bilateral cooperation within the institution's framework. Through a comprehensive examination of strategic, economic, and geopolitical factors, the research highlights the critical role of the QUAD in fostering closer ties between India and the United States. The study is premised on the objectives assessing the politics of QUAD security dialogue and its impact on India and the United States security and trade. It further evaluated the effectiveness of the existing QUAD initiatives and mechanisms in promoting a robust strategic partnership between India and the United States; these among others. Qualitative approach was explored in the study with the use of secondary data and case studies. The findings demonstrated that the QUAD has significantly strengthened the strategic partnership between India and the United States by facilitating collaboration on shared security challenges, promoting regional economic integration, and encouraging a common vision for the Indo-Pacific region. The institution has also contributed to the growth in bilateral trade and investment, as well as the expansion of defense cooperation. Moreover, domestic support for the QUAD in both nations has been instrumental in deepening bilateral engagement. Despite these positive developments, several challenges persist, including trade imbalances, discrepancies in strategic priorities, and divergent approaches to engaging with China. The study offers recommendations for policymakers to further leverage the QUAD for enhancing India-United States relations, such as strengthening strategic communication, expanding defense cooperation, facilitating economic ties, addressing non-traditional security challenges, and engaging with regional partners. By implementing these recommendations and continuously adapting to the evolving geopolitical landscape of the Indo-Pacific region, India and the United States can capitalise on the QUAD's potential as a vital platform for deepening bilateral ties and promoting regional stability and prosperity.
Quad and the Indo-Pacific: Examining the Balance of Interest Theory in Quad Coalition
Strategic Analysis, 2022
In light of China’s rise, the Quad coalition has gained momentum in its efforts to maintain a Free and Open Indo-Pacific (FOIP). While scholars have discussed the relevance of Quad, little work has been done to theorize the balancing behaviour of individual Quad countries. This article examines Randall Schweller’s Balance of Interest theory—which emphasizes the underlying ‘profit motives’ in alliance formations—in the Quad coalition. Using Schweller’s typology of States, this article argues, the United States behaves as a status quo lion state, Japan as a lamb state, Australia and India as jackal states, and China as a revisionist wolf state.
Malaysian Journal of International Relations, 2021
The Quadrilateral Security Dialogue is a strategy to contain China which has now reached the Indian Ocean Region (IOR) as part of the Chinese geostrategy in the Indo-Pacific to counterbalance US and western hegemony. The dynamics brought by the minilateral realm and bilateral conflicts within the Indo-Pacific have contributed to the shaping of the region's security architecture. This article discusses the contentions between India-China competition; ASEAN, Quad, and the implications to IOR; and how the Quad Plus notion is affecting further geopolitical deliberation in the Indo-Pacific. The article concludes that the Quad is an important platform for years ahead and the rising notion of the Quad Plus will remain as the future challenge for both sides. This may redefine the Indo-Pacific concept itself, however, it is assured that ASEAN will play as a collaborative agent to China and the Quad, while also prioritise their interests over the region.
This article examines the relation between the revival of the Quadrilateral Security Dialogue (QUAD) in the second decade of the 21st century and the formation of the Indo-Pacific as a geopolitical region. As a loose security association composed of Australia, Japan, the United States and India, the QUAD emphasizes the importance of rules-based order, connectivity ventures that are not fueled by predatory financing, and the principle that territorial disputes should be resolved peacefully and in accordance with international law. Its revival, in turn, gave rise to a new geopolitical region—the Indo-Pacific. The Indo-Pacific region covers all countries bordering the Indian and Pacific Oceans. Rather than be restricted by the old term Asia-Pacific region, the term underscores the geographic expansion of the ongoing geostrategic competition between China and the U.S. and the other members of the QUAD. In conclusion, the article analyzes how the revival of the QUAD and the emergence of the Indo-Pacific as a geopolitical region will affect the Philippines as it adopts a policy of appeasement on China.
QUAD AND INDIA'S MULTI-ALIGNMENT
EAST ASIA MILITARY MONITOR, VOLUME 2 ISSUE 3, 2019
As the US-China strategic competition intensifies, structural changes are unfolding in the international system. In pursuit of preserving the liberal international order and keeping the Indo-Pacific free from coercion with open sea-lanes and infrastructure, key policy papers of the Trump administration have argued for a 'networked security architecture'. 1 The quadrilateral framework is considered 'vital to address pressing security challenges in the Indo-Pacific'. 2 Even though the Quad framework has its limits, since India has reservations in projecting it as a military alliance aimed at containment of a 'revisionist' China, there is a school of thought which argues that in case of escalating competition with Beijing, the US would increasingly consider employing Quad, especially the military dimension to uphold a favourable international order. 3 China's maritime assertiveness is a key variable in the revival of the Quad framework. 4