University Solution to the Problems of Anatolia in the Early Republican Period of Turkey: Research and Educational-Enlightenment Journeys of Professors (original) (raw)
Related papers
Türk Üniversitelerinde Atatürk İlkeleri ve İnkılap Tarihi Dersleri
Researcher: Social science studies, 2017
Ataturk's Principles and History of Revolution lesson is one of the common compulsory courses taught in first class Turkish universities such as Turkish Language, English and Computer Technology courses. The course is given by the instructors for two hours a week. The lesson is taught to the students with the same name in the last classes of secondary education before the universities. From the point of view of the university students, it is aimed to provide them with more comprehensive and conscious information about the purpose of regiving this course besides the field courses, National Struggle and War
Asian Journal of Social Science and Management Technology, 2021
The modernization movement through education in Turkish society dates back to the late Ottoman period. The importance of education has continued in the early periods of the new Turkish Republic. Educational reforms in the second quarter of the 1900s and Dewey's visit paved the way for modernization, societal change, political socialization, and, hence, democratization in Turkey. This article exhibits the stages that Turkish society went through since the late Ottoman Empire period in the 18th century and touches upon how education transformed Turkey, especially in regards to political socialization and civic culture.
The main goal of the motion of young Turkish men was to raise the education to the qualified level in exact politic activities with programmatic document concerning the social politic modernization in the country. The idea of improving an education that was formed in the process of young Turkish’s educational activities was shown in the articles and speeches of figures who took an active part in this uprising. The educational ideas of young Turkish were developed in their own way. Because, the pedagogical ideas substantiated by the figures of young Turkish were the basis to form a national Turkey Republic. In М.К.Ataturk’s state programs of forming new Turkey Republic the pedagogical ideas of young Turkish have been continued further on. Similar to this, it must be pointed out that the main peculiarities of an education in Turkestan region was the system opposed to an old education system which was the reason of increasing the number of ignorant people in Middle Ages and government power against chauvinism invasion.
The aim of this study is to present the changes and innovations in the field of education during the late Ottoman era, by using examples from the education sector (schools). Robert College, as it shines amongst the others due to its distinctive mission and vision and because it has continued its existence until today, have been chosen to represent foreign schools. The Mekteb-i Sultani, known as Galatasaray High School today, for it was the first local educational institution that modeled its curriculum on the modern educational system of the West, have been chosen as the sample Turkish school for analysis. With their contributions in developing the Turkish education system; in conclusion, the changes in the educational system and their role in transforming the society during the late Ottoman era have been studied, by considering these two schools, which are seemingly different but actually closely associated with each other. Öz Bu çalışmanın amacı, eğitim kurumlarından (okullardan) örneklerle, Osmanlı İmparatorluğu'nun son döneminde eğitim alanındaki değişim ve yenileşmeyi ortaya koymaktır. Yabancı okullar içinden seçilen örnek, misyon ve vizyon farklılığıyla diğerleri arasından ayrılan ve günümüze kadar varlığını sürdüren Robert Kolej'dir. Türk okullarından seçilen örnek ise, batının modern eğitim sistemini örnek alarak ders programını oluşturmuş ilk yerli eğitim kurumu olan Mekteb-i Sultani, bugünkü adıyla Galatasaray Lisesi'dir. Çalışmanın sonucunda, görünüşte birbirinden farklı, ancak birbiriyle ilişkili olan bu iki okulun, Türk eğitim sisteminin gelişimine katkıları ortaya konularak, Osmanlı'nın son döneminde eğitim sistemindeki değişimler ve bu değişimlerin toplumun yenileşme çabalarındaki rolü incelenmiştir. Anahtar Sözcükler: Yabancı Okullar, Robert Kolej, Mekteb-i Sultani, Eğitim Tarihi.
International Conference on Religion, Science and Education, 2023
Türkiye experienced its glory in the field of science during the peak reign of Fatih Sultan Mehmed & Kanuni Sultan Suleyman. Then fell with the defeat of the Ottoman Sultanate in the first world war and the rolling of a secular regime under the command of Atatürk. Looking at its educational history, Türkiye has indeed made efforts to reform and modernize to improve its higher education system. In the modern era, many scientists & intellectuals have emerged from Türkiye who have contributed to the development of modern science, such as Orhan Pamuk who won the Nobel Prize in literature, Aziz Sancar in chemistry, Özlem Türeci and Uğur Sahin who discovered the COVID-19 vaccine, then Selçuk Bayraktar which has now succeeded in making unmanned military drones. This study aims to examine and elaborate in depth on the efforts that have been made by Türkiye in modernizing their higher education system from the late Ottoman period to the reign of the modern Turkish Republic. This paper is qualitative research and uses a literature review. The author collects books and policies of the Turkish government as the main references, as well as related articles to obtain data. This study finds that in practice Türkiye has implemented several reform policies to modernize its higher education system. Several institutions were established during the Tanzimat period to ensure modern teaching in higher education. In the current era, Turkish Universities also apply certain standards to ensure progress in the development of science and technology in the country through quality assurance and internationalization of higher education.