Principles of biomechanics in oral implantology (original) (raw)
Related papers
The role of biomechanics in oral implantology
Journal of Biomedical Materials Research, 1974
This paper begins with a brief historical review of the field of biomechanics applied to oral implantology. Based on the current status of development, a set of generalized biomechanical requirements are presented covering analytical, experimental and clinical considerations. The current biomechanics status and requirements are then used to derive a three part role for the biomechanics of oral implantology. The expected benefits to be gained from implementing this role are outlined.
Biomechanics Studies in Dentistry: Bioengineering Applied in Oral Implantology
The application of engineering knowledge in dentistry has helped the understanding of biomechanics aspects related to osseointegrated implants. Several techniques have been used to evaluate the biomechanical load on implants comprising the use of photoelastic stress analysis, finite element stress analysis, and strain-gauge analysis. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to describe engineering methods used in dentistry to evaluate the biomechanical behavior of osseointegrated implants. Photoelasticity provides good qualitative information on the overall location and concentration of stresses but produces limited quantitative information. The method serves as an important tool for determining the critical stress points in a material and is often used for determining stress concentration factors in irregular geometries. The application of strain-gauge method on dental implants is based on the use of electrical resistance strain gauges and its associated equipment and provides both in vitro and vivo measurements strains under static and dynamic loads. However, strain-gauge method provides only the data regarding strain at the gauge. Finite element analysis can simulate stress using a computer-created model to calculate stress, strain, and displacement. Such analysis has the advantage of allowing several conditions to be changed easily and allows measurement of stress distribution around implants at optional points that are difficult to examine clinically. All the 3 methodologies can be useful to evaluate biomechanical implant behavior close to the clinical condition but the researcher should have enough knowledge in model fabrication (experimental delineation) and results analysis.
Current Concepts and Trends in Biomechanics and Biomaterials of Oral and Maxillofacial Implants
Dental Journal of Advance Studies, 2017
The science of Implantology has undergone numerous modifications and improvement and is highly dynamic. With each improvement and advancement, Implantology has proved to be a boon in disguise to the society and hence its acceptance by the general population has widely increased despite of expensive treatment modality. More of clinical trials conducted on different commercially available implants, its effect on bone and oral tissues as well as the development of implant designs, have increased the success rate of implants to over 95% and specially in anterior mandible where the success rate is over 99%. Latest technological advances in Dental Implantology are reviewed in this article.
[The biomechanics of dental implants and dentures]
Srpski arhiv za celokupno lekarstvo, 2008
Osseointegrated implants are actually replacements for natural teeth, and, like natural teeth, they are exposed to various forces. Rejection and bad osseointegration of implants rarely occur today because oral implants are made from biocompatible materials. Most complications are a consequence of badly planned implant loading. The aim of this work was the optimization of the process of planning and inserting oral implants and dentures based on the analysis of the biomechanical problems in implantology. In order to determine the influence of the number of cantilevered superstructures, the number of implants and implant microdesign on tensions within the implant and in the peri-implant tissue, a calculation of tensions and deformations was made in a virtual model (control model) using the finite elements analysis. The obtained values served as reference values in the analysis of the results from three experimental models. In the control model, as well as in the experimental models, th...
Mechanical behaviour of dental implants
Procedia structural integrity, 2016
Dental implants are majority made of titanium, since this material promotes a stable and functional connection between the bone and the surface of the implant. Efforts produced during the chewing cycles may interfere with this union, affecting the process of osseointegration and eventually compromising the stability of the implant. Given the difficulty in working with bone in vivo, in the present study two implant systems were inserted in polymer samples, known as Sawbones, which simulate the structure of trabecular bone. On the experimental side, the performance of the implants was evaluated through fatigue tests. The qualitative analysis of the damage in the structure of the samples was performed using scanning electron microscope images. The study was complemented with the determination and comparison of stress fields and deformations at the Sawbone-implant interface using an analytical model of indentation and the finite element method. The experimental results showed that the performance of the Morse taper implant is greater than the external hexagonal implant when both are tested cyclically in samples of different densities. It was proven that the diameter, length, density and type of implantabutment interface are design variables that affect the behavior of the implants. The numerical results of indentation model are very similar to those obtained by the analytical model. The results of the penetration FEM model have the same tendency as the experimental values and the FEM models and analytical indentation with increasing density of the polymer foam. It can be concluded that, as in foams, the increase of the bone density will induce an increased stability to the implants
The objective of the present study was to assess the influence of various clinically relevant scenarios on the strain distribution in the biomechanical surrounding of five different dental implant macrogeometries. The biomechanical environment surrounding an implant, i.e., the cortical and trabecular bone, was modeled along with the implant. These models included two different values of the study parameters including loading conditions, trabecular bone elastic modulus, cortical/trabecular bone thickness ratio, and bone loss for five implant designs. Finite element analysis was conducted on the models and strain in the bones surrounding the implant was calculated. Bone volumes having strains in four different windows of 0 -200 , 200-1000 , 1000-3000 , and Ͼ3000 were measured and the effect of each biomechanical variable and their twoway interactions were statistically analyzed using the analysis of variance method. This study showed that all the parameters included in this study had an effect on the volume of bones in all strain windows, except the implant design, which affected only the 0 -200 and Ͼ3000 windows. The two-way interaction results showed that interactions existed between implant design and bone loss, and loading condition, bone loss in the 200-1000 window, and between implant design and loading condition in the 0 -200 window. Within the limitations of the present methodology, it can be concluded that although some unfavorable clinical scenarios demonstrated a higher volume of bone in deleterious strain levels, a tendency toward the biomechanical equilibrium was evidenced regardless of the implant design.
Biomaterials, 2002
The mechanical stability of the fixture in bone is one of the most important factors for the long-term reliability of dental implants. This paper focuses on an experimental procedure to evaluate the mechanical properties of the bone surrounding dental implants. The procedure is based on a surgical animal model followed by mechanical tests. The experimental mechanical testing has been used for preliminary investigations on the role played by different parameters such as the healing time and the surgical technique (standard or with regenerative material). The procedure has been evaluated in some preliminary tests on a few specimens. Microradiographic analyses have been performed on the bone surrounding the implants in order to give an interpretation of the bone properties on the basis of the bone morphology and to distinguish the newly formed bone from the pre-existing bone.