Estimating organic carbon in soils modified by technical processes in Kula Municipality (Bulgaria) (original) (raw)

Soil organic matter content and composition in different pedoclimatic zones of Bulgaria

EURASIAN JOURNAL OF SOIL SCIENCE (EJSS)

The present paper focused on content, quality and composition of soil organic matter in different pedoclimatic zones of Bulgaria. The country has temperate continental climate with Mediterranean influence. There are six combinations of soil temperature and moisture regimes over the territory of Bulgaria, such as Thermic-Xeric, Mesic-Xeric, Mesic-Ustic, Mesic-Udic, Cryic-Udic and Pergelic -Udic. Typical soil types for Bulgaria are Chernozems, Luvisols. Vertisols, Cambisols, Phaeozems, Leptosols, Regosols, Planosols, Umbrisols and etc. Fifteen soil profiles were studied which are representative for the area. The content and composition of organic matter were determined according to the method of Kononova-Belchikova. The purpose of this study is to determine the influence of pedoclimatic conditions over soil organic matter content and composition of various areas with different soil cover, vegetation, management and etc. Grouping soil types in different soil temperature and moisture regimes shows that there are similarities in soil carbon content and composition. Soils developed under cooler and moister conditions accumulate more organic carbon. In such areas the content of organic carbon can reach about 255 t.ha -1 in a surface horizon and the type of humus is predominantly Fulvic. Respectively, soils developed under dry and warmer conditions have lower organic carbon content and the type of humus is usually Humic.

Correlations between soil organic carbon, land use and soil type in Serbia

Zbornik Matice srpske za prirodne nauke, 2020

Correlation between soil organic carbon (SOC) and land use and soil type were investigated in the soils of the Republic of Serbia. The database included a total of 1,140 soil profiles. To establish the correlation between organic carbon content and soil type, a soil map of Serbia was adapted to the WRB classification and divided into 15,437 polygons (map units). The SOC stock values were calculated for each reference soil group based on mean values of SOC at 0-30 and 0-100 cm and their areas. The largest SOC stocks for the soil layers 0-30 cm were found in Cambisol 194.76 x 1012 g and Leptosol 186.43 x 1012 g and for the soil layers 0-100 cm in Cambisol 274.87 x 1012 g and Chernozem 230.43 x 1012 g. Using the Corine Land Cover (CLC) database, the major categories of land use were defined. Based on the obtained mean values of organic carbon content for the soil layers 0-30 and 0-100 cm and the areas indicated by Corine Land Cover categories of land use, the organic carbon stocks in a...

The Role Of Soil Organic Matter Content In SoilConservation And Carbon Sequestration Studies:Case Studies From Lithuania And The UK

1970

Soil organic matter (SOM) data are presented from two long-term European experimental research sites: (i) SOM data from a soil conservation site in the U.K. and (ii) SOM data from a carbon sequestration benchmarking site in Lithuania. Detailed SOM information, which also incorporates soil organic carbon (SOC), is vitally important because it plays a fundamental role in both soil conservation and carbon sequestration studies. Land management of pedogenic carbon is a recognized means of improving soil fertility, reducing soil erosion rates, enhancing soil structural stability and promoting carbon sequestration. Therefore, its benefits extend from local to global scales. For instance, the first case study illustrates the environmental benefits of changes in SOM content before (as bare soil) and after (converted to grassland) the adoption of the soil conservation technique of set-aside. The second case study introduces various analytical approaches used to calculate SOM, and demonstrate...

Soil Organic Carbon in Serbian Mountain Soils: Effects of Land Use and Altitude

Polish Journal of Environmental Studies, 2011

The aim of our research was to investigate the concentration and stock of organic carbon (SOC) in soils of Golija Mountain, Serbia, under different land uses (grassland, forest, and arable land) at different altitudes (1,500 m, 1,000 m, and 500 m) and at two soil depths (0-10 cm and 10-20 cm), and to assess resilience of soil organic matter to decomposition under each of the ecosystems by measuring the amount of SOC and soil respiration rate. The results show the highest SOC stock under forest and lowest under grass, a decreasing trend in SOC from higher to lower altitudes, the lowest cumulative soil respiration under forest and the highest under grass. This study demonstrates that the land use system and altitude are important factors affecting SOC.

Stocks of organic carbon in Estonian soils

Estonian Journal of Earth Sciences, 2009

The soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks (Mg ha -1 ) of automorphic mineral (9 soil groups), hydromorphic mineral , and lowland organic soils (4) are given for the soil cover or solum layer as a whole and also for its epipedon (topsoil) layer. The SOC stocks for forest, arable lands, and grasslands and for the entire Estonian soil cover were calculated on the basis of the mean SOC stock and distribution area of the respective soil type. In the Estonian soil cover (42 400 km 2 ), a total of 593.8 ± 36.9 Tg of SOC is retained, with 64.9% (385.3 ± 27.5 Tg) in the epipedon layer (O, H, and A horizons) and 35.1% in the subsoil (B and E horizons). The pedo-ecological regularities of SOC retention in soils are analysed against the background of the Estonian soil ordination net.

CARBON CONTENT AND C/N RATIO IN PANNONIAN AND MEDITERRANEAN SOILS

Soils are the largest carbon reservoir of the terrestrial carbon cycle. The quantity of C stored in soils is highly significant; soils contain about three times more C than vegetation and twice as much as that which is present in the atmosphere. Proper management of soil carbon requires an understanding of the cycling and balance of carbon. Soils vary greatly in their organic matter content. Soil organic matter consists of two groups of compounds, nonhumic and humic substances both play important roles in the environment affecting the biochemical, physical and chemical properties of soil. Within Bilateral Project between Hungarian and Croatian scientists "Impact of tillage and fertilization on probable climate threats in Hungary and Croatia, soil vulnerability and protection" carbon storage were determined in different soil types in agroecological conditions of Pannonian plain and in Mediterranean conditions. Total carbon content, pH and C/N ratio in different natural (gra...

ORGANIC CARBON , Rome , Italy , 21-23 March 2017 Turkey ’ s National Geospatial Soil Organic Carbon Information System

2017

Soil organic carbon, the major component of soil organic matter, an important indicator for the soil fertility, is not only extremely important in soil processes but also highly related to the climate change, soil/land degradation and soil ecosystem services. Spatially explicit soil organic carbon information system was a great need for Turkeys’ soils. This study aimed at developing a territorial national geographical database for soil organic carbon of top soils (0-30 cm) in Turkey. In the first stage of project, 7742 top soil samples provided from different research projects for the period of 2008-2009 that represent the national territory and different land uses were analyzed to determine carbon content of soils. In the second stage, digital soil mapping methodology that applies geostatistical processes of geoferenced soil data has been used to produce maps of soil organic carbon. We expect that Geospatial Soil Organic Carbon Information System can serve as an important spatially...

Soil Organic Matter Changes in Lithuanian Soils: Experiences and Results

Zemdirbyste

Data have been obtained for sandy loam Eutric Albeluvisol-ABe at the Kaltinėnai Research Station of the Lithuanian Institute of Agriculture on the undulating topography of Western Lithuania. Results from 18-years of field investigations show significant increases in soil organic matter (SOM) content under grass-grain crop rotations compared with field and graingrass crop rotations, which thus provides evidence for carbon sequestration in soil. SOM content was analysed using the Tyurin titrimetric method, which is not widely used in Western Countries. Therefore, SOM data are also presented after split analysis using dry combustion, Walkley-Black (USDA) and loss-on-ignition (UK) methods, enabling the calculation of transfer functions between databases. International comparison of SOM databases assists many tasks, which include evaluating the importance of SOM/SOC in international collaborative terrestrial ecosystem studies, the development of effective soil conservation policies and the creation of a sustainable future for the modern Lithuanian rural society.

Stocks and annual fluxes of organic carbon in the mineral soil cover of Estonia

Estonian Journal of Ecology, 2011

Annual cycling of soil organic carbon (SOC) is the main driving force in the formation and functioning of soil cover. Therefore knowledge about it forms the scientific base for sustainable management and ecologically sound soil protection. Systematized parameters of the mean annual cycling of SOC by soils are analysed on the basis of the SOC stock densities (Mg ha -1 ) of 16 mineral soil groups. The SOC stocks according to soil groups for the soil cover (solum) as a whole and for their epipedon were calculated on the basis of mean SOC densities and their distribution area of soil types. In the Estonian mineral soil cover (32 351 km 2 ) a total of 323 ± 46 Tg (10 12 g) SOC is retained; 42% of this is sequestered into stabilized humus, 40% into unstable raw humus, and 18% into forest (grassland) floor and shallow peat layers. Of the total SOC stock, 75% is situated in biologically active epipedons and 25% in subsoil. The annual SOC inputs and outputs in natural soils, which were calculated on the basis of annual productivity, ranged from 0.2 to 3.6 Mg ha -1 yr -1 . The influence of land management peculiarities on the annual cycling and balance of SOC has been demonstrated by our own experimental research, as well as by data published in the literature. In this work the pedo-ecological causal regularities of SOC sequestration in mineral soil cover (SOC concentration, soil thickness, moisture regime, texture, carbonate content), and agro-technological possibilities for its regulation (crops and their rotation, level of subsidization and soil amelioration) are discussed.

Contemporary Aspects of Soil Eco-Chemistry and Geochemistry in Bulgaria

2016

The paper focuses on the main aspects of contemporary soil eco-chemistry in Bulgaria. The issues tackled refer to: (i) analysis of chemical species, including contaminants; (ii) prediction of metal bioavailability and exposure to plants of chemical species in soil. A stress is made on pilot studies concerning organic geochmical markers, their analysis and quantification in soils (Fluvisols, Vertisols, Luvisols, Arenosols). A new aspect of soil eco-chemistry is related with analysis of compounds in water-soluble dissolved organic carbon in soil as molecular indicators of environmental change.