Examination of Surface Water Along River-Rima Floodplain in Wamakko, Sokoto State, Nigeria (original) (raw)
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AFRICAN JOURNAL OF BIOTECHNOLOGY
This study investigates the pollution level of surface waters in Zaria, Nigeria. The bacteriological and physicochemical analyses performed were in accordance with standard procedures. Out of 228 samples from different sites, 128 (56.1%) had counts higher than the standards. Samaru stream was the most polluted. The frequency of contamination of samples with Escherichia coli O157 was only 2.2%. There was a positive correlation between faecal coliform count with most of the physicochemical parameters. The use of the surface waters as raw water for drinking, irrigation of food crops for raw consumption and for recreational activities may be hazardous. The study therefore, stresses on the need to control the faecal pollution of the bodies of water.
African Journal of …, 2009
This study investigates the pollution level of surface waters in Zaria, Nigeria. The bacteriological and physicochemical analyses performed were in accordance with standard procedures. Out of 228 samples from different sites, 128 (56.1%) had counts higher than the standards. Samaru stream was the most polluted. The frequency of contamination of samples with Escherichia coli O157 was only 2.2%. There was a positive correlation between faecal coliform count with most of the physicochemical parameters. The use of the surface waters as raw water for drinking, irrigation of food crops for raw consumption and for recreational activities may be hazardous. The study therefore, stresses on the need to control the faecal pollution of the bodies of water.
Safe water scarcity is one of Nigeria's critical challenges, and it is yet to receive adequate attention. Water-borne diseases and Water-related health problems are prevalent. This study evaluated the bacterial quality and physicochemical properties of Waterside River, Ogbor-Hill Aba, Nigeria. The pour plate technique was employed to analyse the 15 water samples obtained from Waterside River bacteriological analysis. The mean of Total Heterotrophic Bacteria Count, Total Coliform Count and Faecal Coliform (Escherichia coli) were 1.29x10 6 , 7.4x10 5 and 3.2x10 5 colony forming units (CFU/ml), and the bacterial isolates were Citrobacter spp., Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella spp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Shigella spp. The physicochemical parameters that were analysed by standard methods for the analysis of water and waste-water include Temperature, pH, Lead (Pb), Manganese (Mn +2), Cadmium (Cd), Mercury (Hg), Arsenic (As), Chromium (Cr 6+), Iron (Fe +2), and Zinc (Zn). All the physicochemical parameters determined were within the standards recommended by the Nigerian Industrial Standard and World Health Organization except Pb (0.21), Mn +2 (1.45), Hg (0.002) and Fe +2 (1.03). The result shows that the Waterside River is unsafe for consumption and application in domestic activities except after proper treatment. The bacterial organisms Isolated have been found to cause diseases, and physicochemical parameters such as Lead (Pb), Manganese (Mn +2) and Mercury (Hg) can lead to serious health challenges such as poisoning, neurological disorders and even death. Environmental laws that forbade the indiscriminate dumping of domestic and industrial wastes into the Waterside River should be enforced and defaulters sanctioned. Individuals, households and factories should stop transporting solid wastes and waste-water into the river and activities capable of causing pollution of the river should be discouraged.
Path of Science, 2021
Safe water scarcity is one of Nigeria's critical challenges, and it is yet to receive adequate attention. Water-borne diseases and Water-related health problems are prevalent. This study evaluated the bacterial quality and physicochemical properties of Waterside River, Ogbor-Hill Aba, Nigeria. The pour plate technique was employed to analyse the 15 water samples obtained from Waterside River bacteriological analysis. The mean of Total Heterotrophic Bacteria Count, Total Coliform Count and Faecal Coliform (Escherichia coli) were 1.29x10 6 , 7.4x10 5 and 3.2x10 5 colony forming units (CFU/ml), and the bacterial isolates were Citrobacter spp., Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella spp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Shigella spp. The physicochemical parameters that were analysed by standard methods for the analysis of water and waste-water include Temperature, pH, Lead (Pb), Manganese (Mn +2), Cadmium (Cd), Mercury (Hg), Arsenic (As), Chromium (Cr 6+), Iron (Fe +2), and Zinc (Zn). All the physicochemical parameters determined were within the standards recommended by the Nigerian Industrial Standard and World Health Organization except Pb (0.21), Mn +2 (1.45), Hg (0.002) and Fe +2 (1.03). The result shows that the Waterside River is unsafe for consumption and application in domestic activities except after proper treatment. The bacterial organisms Isolated have been found to cause diseases, and physicochemical parameters such as Lead (Pb), Manganese (Mn +2) and Mercury (Hg) can lead to serious health challenges such as poisoning, neurological disorders and even death. Environmental laws that forbade the indiscriminate dumping of domestic and industrial wastes into the Waterside River should be enforced and defaulters sanctioned. Individuals, households and factories should stop transporting solid wastes and waste-water into the river and activities capable of causing pollution of the river should be discouraged.
The existence of all living organisms depends on water resource which is continually polluted, and is therefore of public health importance. This study investigated river water samples for physicochemical and bacteriological quality of post-office segment of Asa river in Ilorin using standard procedures and the isolates were also identified with standard methods. Eight selected antibiotics used were in this study to determine the trend of susceptibility of the microorganisms to some of the antibiotics. The values recorded for physicochemical parameters of the water samples were within the limits of WHO standard for safe drinking water. The temperature of the water samples ranged between 21.0 and 28.4 0 C while water pH ranged from 7.1 to 7.5. The total heterotrophic count values ranged between 1.2×10 4 and 7.8×10 4 cfu/ml, total coliform count values ranged between 4.0×10 2 and 1.0×10 4 cfu/100ml, total fecal count values were between 0 and
Bacteriological Quality Assessment of Water from Epie Creek, Niger Delta Region of Nigeria
International Journal of Ecotoxicology and Ecobiology, 2017
This study evaluated the bacteriological quality of water samples from Epie creek, Niger Delta. Water samples were collected from five different locations (Akenfa, Agudama-Epie, Tombia, Opolo and Biogbolo) in two seasons viz: dry i.e. January and February and wet season i.e. May and June, 2016). The samples were analyzed following standard protocols. Results from the water quality ranged from 5.38-6.74 log cfu/ml (total heterotrophic bacteria), 1.72-2.54 log cfu/ml (Salmonella-shigella counts), 2.01-2.83 log MPN/100ml (total coliform), 1.55-2.22 log MPN/100ml (faecal coliforms). Analysis of variance showed that there was significance difference (P<0.05) in total and fecal coliform for location, months and interaction for total and fecal coliform, and no significance difference (P>0.05) for total heterotrophic bacteria and Salmonella-Shigella counts. The bacterial isolates were Pseudomonas,
Researcher, 2017
This study was carried out to determine the relationship between bacteriological and physicochemical parameters of water from wells, streams, ponds and boreholes which serve as drinking water sources to inhabitants of Magama and Bolgang villages of Langtang South Local Government Area of Plateau State, Nigeria. The water sample were collected from fourteen (14) wells, two (2) streams, two (2) ponds and two (2) boreholes in three (3) batches making a total of 60 samples and subjected to physicochemical tests and bacteriological analysis by membrane filtration techniques. In Magama village, total heterotrophic counts showed bacteria growth in varying degrees with water samples from pond being the most contaminated (7.7 ×10 5 ± 0.0 ×10 5 cfu/ml), followed by wells (6.3 ×10 5 ± 0.7 ×10 5 cfu/ml) and the least contaminated was from boreholes (1.9 ×10 5 ± 0.0 ×10 5 cfu/ml). the total coliform was highest in well water (5.2 x 10 5 ± 0.3 x 10 5 cfu/ml) followed by ponds (5.1 x 10 5 ± 0.0 x 10 5 cfu/ml) while borehole water had the least count. The heterotrophic bacterial count in Bolgang was highest in ponds (7.6 x 10 5 ± 0.0 x 10 5 cfu/ml) and borehole had the least count (1.1 x 10 5 ± 0.0 x 10 5 cfu/ml). On the other hand, the total coliform count was highest in well water (5.2 x 10 5 ± 0.3 x 10 5 cfu/ml) and least in borehole. Only two of the water samples (Magama and Bolgang Centre boreholes) met the WHO standard for drinking water of 0 coliform as coliforms were isolated from other sources except two. The enteric bacteria isolated included Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterococcus faecalis, Salmonella typhi and Proteus mirabilis. The water from the two villages were found to be unsuitable for consumption and recreational purposes without treatment. Generally, correlation studies revealed that pH, alkalinity and total hardness have a strong positive association with total heterotrophic and coliform counts. Therefore, as compared to standards, the waters studied could be regarded as physicochemically acceptable but bacteriologically unsafe for use as raw water for drinking, animal herding, recreational activities and the irrigation of food crops to be consumed raw. There is need to control the faecal bacteria, the indicator for the faecal pollution of the water bodies. Improvement in water quality and availability will aid hygienic practices and interrupt the transmission of enteric pathogens through contaminated water in the study area. Public health education aimed at improving personal, household and community hygiene is imperative. The waters studied was considered physicochemically acceptable but bacteriologically unsafe for use as raw water for drinking, animal herding, recreational activities and the irrigation of food crops to be consumed raw.
Polish Journal of Environmental Studies
Rivers are important freshwater resources for domestic and industrial activities, and the availability of good-quality freshwater is indispensable for preventing water-borne diseases and improving quality of life, especially in communities that lack a water supply system. The physicochemical parameters and coliform distribution of some selected rivers in Osun State, soutwestern Nigeria were evaluated using standard analytical procedures. The physicochemical qualities ranged as follows: pH (6.9-7.6), temperature (26-29ºC), turbidity (2.28 = 9.46 NTU), electrical conductivity (229-581 μS/cm), nitrate (0.03-0.05 mg/L), nitrite (0.00-0.01 mg/L), sulphate (3.33-20.33 mg/L), chloride ions (7.83-27.33 mg/L), dissolved oxygen (4.23-5.57 mg/L), total dissolved solids (56-184 mg/L), total hardness (78-519 mg/L) and alkalinity (50.67-146.67 mg/L). Total coliforms were detected in counts ranging from 59 to 176 CFU/100 ml of water sample. One-way ANOVA showed that pH, temperature, electrical conductivities, nitrates, nitrites, chloride, dissolved oxygen, total dissolved solid, total hardness and alkalinity were significantly different (P<0.05), whereas turbidity and sulphate were not significantly different (P>0.05) from each parameter with respect to sampling sites. Generally, results from this study suggest that the river waters are not suitable for consumption, domestic or recreational use, and confirm the importance of protecting the freshwater resources of southwestern Nigeria.
Global Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences, 2018
Diseases caused by contaminated water consumption and poor hygiene are among the leading causes of death in children, the elderly and people with compromised immune system. The present study aims to assess the drinking water quality of some selected drinking water sources in the chosen study area using water quality index (WQI). Samples of drinking waters were collected from four different sources-river, sachet (packaged), borehole and well in Jabi, Abuja, Nigeria for physicochemical and bacteriological analyses using standard methods. With the exception of pH, river water had the highest content of all the physicochemical parameters examined. Excluding dissolved oxygen in river sample, the physicochemical parameters of the water sources were generally within the World Health Organization (WHO) standards. The bacteriological analyses revealed that the highest total coliform counts of 1.03 (0.08) x 10 2 cfu/ml were in the river sample while the least counts of 0.03 (0.00) x 10 2 cfu/ml were in the sachet water. All the bacteriological values did not meet
Global Journal of Geological Sciences, 2015
The importance of good quality water cannot be over emphasized. This is because it is only next to air as a critical sustainer of life therefore it is appropriate to evaluate its quality and quantity. A total number of thirteen water samples were investigated in this study: Nine samples from different surface water bodies, two samples from two effluent sources, one spring and one tap water sample were collected and used in the analyses. The objectives of the study are to assess, ascertain and evaluate the level, degree and type of pollution that characterize the surface water resources of Enugu area of southeastern Nigeria in terms of physico-chemical and bacterialogical constituents. Field measurements of physical parameters were preceded by chemical analyses of the samples for major ions concentrations and bacteriological content. Evaluation of the results showed that the waters are fresh and soft (Hardness ranges is 4.00 to 53.00mgl l). The pH range is from 4.32 to 7.11 and these value fall within the acceptable limit of water for domestic use. Major ion concentrations were low and within the WHO guidelines for drinking water indicating chemical suitability of surface water. All the water samples tested positive to total bacterial count and Ecoli. and this is evidence of faecal contamination and should be treated/disinfected before consumption.