Interpretation of processes at positive and negative electrode by measurement and simulation of impedance spectra. Part II: Concentration limitation (original) (raw)
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Journal of Low Power Electronics and Applications
This paper presents a systematic approach to extract electrical equivalent circuit model (ECM) parameters of the Li-ion battery (LIB) based on electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Particularly, the proposed approach is suitable to practical applications where the measurement noise can be significant, resulting in a low signal-to-noise ratio. Given the EIS measurements, the proposed approach can be used to obtain the ECM parameters of a battery. Then, a time domain approach is employed to validate the accuracy of estimated ECM parameters. In order to investigate whether the ECM parameters vary as the battery’s state of charge (SOC) changes, the EIS experiment was repeated at nine different SOCs. The experimental results show that the proposed approach is consistent in estimating the ECM parameters. It is found that the battery parameters, such as internal resistance, capacitance and inductance, remain the same for practical SOC ranges starting from 20% until 90%. The ECM par...
Application of Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy on Different Battery Circuits
2014
Corrosion of steel bars embedded in concrete is one of the main causes affecting the long-term performance of reinforced concrete structures. In this study, the corrosion behavior of AISI 2304 stainless steel reinforced calcium silicate cement concrete in chloride-rich environments were evaluated by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The EIS results show that both the immersion time and pH play significant roles in the evolvement of the charge transfer processes and film resistance. At pH value of 13, the total impedance increased during the 3 months of immersion time, and then it slightly reduced, indicating the protective ability is being lost. The calcium silicate concrete with steel rebar indicated that the samples remained in the passive state throughout the linear polarization resistance test. The polarization resistance value attained in the pH solutions of 13 are upper than that in other pH values which show higher capability for corrosion prevention in the pH value of 13.
Using on-board electrochemical impedance spectroscopy in battery management systems
2013 World Electric Vehicle Symposium and Exhibition (EVS27), 2013
As the need for better prediction of battery life parameters in secondary batteries evolves, especially for electric vehicles, many researchers have looked for methods beyond simple battery modeling. One of the promising methods is electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. This is typically a technique used to get insight on the kinetic reactions in batteries and various studies have shown excellent correlation between impedance data and the state of health and ageing effects in lithium-ion batteries. In this article the benefits of using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy in battery management systems will be studied as it has been shown by multiple researchers that it is possible to develop an embedded electrochemical impedance spectroscopy circuit. The accuracy of currently available models based on impedance data deteriorates over time and to enable a battery management system to keep accurate predictions on state of health and other ageing-related effects there is a need for on-board electrochemical impedance measurements. Aspects such as SoH, balancing, battery ageing, and second life is discussed in relation to electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and battery management systems.
New Analysis of Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy for Lithium-ion Batteries
Journal of Electrochemical Science and Technology, 2013
First of all, we express our deepest sympathies for the passing of Professor Su-Moon Park. In the present paper, an electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), which Professor Su-Moon Park also used frequently for the investigation of electroconducting polymer, is introduced as a recent evaluation tool for a commercially available lithium-ion battery (LIB). The paper surveys how to design equivalent circuits while explaining physical and chemical phenomena in the LIB and how to get more accurate impedance spectra with varying the measuring temperatures. Additionally, a square current EIS (SC-EIS) technique, which we have suggested, is introduced for the larger LIB system as a promising technique for the future.
A Compact System for On-line Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy on Lithium-Ion Batteries
2020 IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference (I2MTC), 2020
A compact measurement system for electrochemical impedance spectroscopy on lithium-ion batteries is presented. The system is composed of vector impedance analyzer (VIA) and state parameter estimation from raw impedance data. The VIA is based on ΔΣ digital-toanalog and analog-to-digital conversions to achieve the compactness, low-power consumption and high resolution required to be potentially integrated within a battery cell. The estimation of state parameters is based on equivalent circuit models. The proposed measurement system aims at enabling on-line estimation of battery state parameters, like state-ofcharge and state-of-health, through non-invasive electrochemical impedance spectroscopy technique. A prototype of the compact measurement system was realized to assess the proposed approach. Experimental results are provided and validated by comparison with a reference laboratory instrument, showing a good agreement. On-line discharge tests are also provided. These experimental results are then used for modeling purposes, showing that the proposed system is suitable for usage in conjunction with a battery management system for on-line monitoring of the battery cell, and future smart actuation on the battery operation for optimization of its performance and lifetime.
Modeling and simulation of Constant Phase Element for battery Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy
2019 IEEE 5th International forum on Research and Technology for Society and Industry (RTSI), 2019
This paper presents a set of time-domain electrical equivalent circuit models for battery voltage prediction under arbitrary current profiles. The circuit model is composed by passive electrical components like resistance, inductance and capacitance. The constant phase elements are introduced in the model, which are usually used in electrochemical impedance spectroscopy analysis to describe the electrical property of double layer capacitors between electrode and electrolyte. The aim of the paper is the modeling in the time-domain of the constant phase elements. Two models are proposed. Model's accuracy and run speed are evaluated by comparing experimental results obtained by an appropriate testbed and simulation results obtained by the implementation and the execution of the model using Matlab software.
Determination of the Impedance of Lithium-ion Batteries Using Methods of Digital Signal Processing
Energy Procedia, 2014
This paper presents the design, implementation and verification of methods to determine the electrochemical impedance spectrum of a Lithium-Ion battery by using methods of digital signal processing. The principle is to excite the battery by applying a current step and measuring the voltage response. Both signals, the stimulation and response signal, are the basis of the signal processing algorithm. The method is verified theoretically with a very good accuracy by a computer simulation and was successfully applied to real cells under laboratory conditions. The reference impedance spectra for the evaluation are produced by the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) technique.
Empirical Modeling of Lithium-ion Batteries Based on Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy Tests
Electrochimica Acta, 2015
An empirical model for commercial lithium-ion batteries is developed based on electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) tests. An equivalent circuit is established according to EIS test observations at various battery states of charge and temperatures. A Laplace transfer time based model is developed based on the circuit which can predict the battery operating output potential difference in battery electric and plug-in hybrid vehicles at various operating conditions. This model demonstrates up to 6% improvement compared to simple resistance and Thevenin models and is suitable for modeling and on-board controller purposes. Results also show that this model can be used to predict the battery internal resistance obtained from hybrid pulse power characterization (HPPC) tests to within 20 percent, making it suitable for low to medium fidelity powertrain design purposes. In total, this simple battery model can be employed as a real-time model in electrified vehicle battery management systems.
Journal of Power Sources
The regression procedures described in Chapter 19 require, in addition to an adequate deterministic model, a quantitative assessment of measurement characteristics. The weighting strategy should generally account for the magnitude of stochastic errors. In addition, the regressed data set either should include only data that have not been corrupted by bias errors, or, as an alternative approach, could incorporate bias errors into the weighting strategy. While the nature of the error structure of the measurements is often ignored or understated in electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, recent developments have made possible experimental identification of error structure. Quantitative assessment of stochastic and experimental bias errors has been used to filter data, to design experiments, and to assess the validity of regression assumptions.