Clinical and Radiological Evaluation of Healing In Tuberculosis of Spine-A Retrospective and Prospective Study (original) (raw)
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High origin of radial artery in mid-arm and possible complications: A cadaveric case study
Indian Journal of Clinical Anatomy and Physiology, 2023
The radial artery is a vital vessel supplying the forearm and hand. Variations in its origin can occur, leading to potential complications during clinical procedures. This cadaveric case study investigates the high origin of the radial artery in the mid-arm and its associated complications. Two cadaveric specimens were examined, at Department of Anatomy, Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi, and the anatomical variations were documented. The study highlights the importance of recognizing such variations and their implications in clinical practice, aiding healthcare professionals in minimizing procedural complications and optimizing patient outcomes. The tortuous course and kinking observed in this study may predispose the artery to thrombosis, spasm, or occlusion, potentially leading to ischemic complications in the forearm and hand. Keywords: Anatomical variation, Cadaveric study, Complications, High origin, Mid- arm, Radial artery.
High Origin of Radial Artery- A Cadaveric Case Report
Variations in the arterial pattern of the upper limb are very common as observed in many cadaveric and angiographic studies. Knowledge of variations in the origin and course of the radial artery is important because they are used for many diagnostic procedures as well as vascular and reconstructive surgeries like coronary angiography, percutaneous coronary intervention and coronary artery bypass surgery. During routine dissection in our institute, we observed a case of high origin of the radial artery in a 33 year old male cadaver. It was found to be unilateral; on left side, radial artery was taking origin from 3 rd part of the axillary artery at the lower border of pectoralis minor before the origin of subscapular artery and anterior circumflex humeral artery. It had a superficial course in the arm crossing the median nerve from medial to lateral side. The further course of this superficial radial artery in the forearm was normal and it terminated by forming a deep Palmar arch in hand. These variations may be of great clinical implications for vascular and plastic surgeons and radiologists. Superficial course of radial artery makes it vulnerable to accidental injuries and elevates the risk of bleeding.
Radial Artery: Anatomical Variations at Wrist and Clinical Significance
International Journal of Anatomy and Research, 2019
Background: Knowledge regarding the course and termination of the radial artery before harvesting it for coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABGS) is important. The brachial artery terminates at the neck of radius into radial and ulnar arteries. Purpose of the study: To know the various patterns of anomalous division ofthe radial artery. Methods: The study included 50 upper limb specimens from the Department of Anatomy, Sree Narayana Institute of Medical Sciences, Ernakulam. The specimens were fixed with 10% formalin solution and the radial artery was exposed from its origin till termination and observations were noted down. Results: The present study revealed that, radial artery usually was arising from brachial artery at the level of neck of radius. The variants observed included high bifurcation of brachial artery, division of radial artery into palmar and dorsal branches in the forearm and anomalous course of radial artery in the region of anatomical snuff box. Conclusion: The present study has revealed the anomalous division and course of radial artery around the wrist and anatomical snuff box and the knowledge of such anomalous course is important for diagnostic, interventional and surgical procedures.
Superficial Radial Artery – A Case Report
Arterial variations in the arm are of potential clinical implications as it is a frequent site of injury and also involved in many surgical and invasive procedures. Variations in the vascular system of upper limbs are relatively common, and occur at the level of the axillary, brachial, radial, and ulnar arteries as well as in the palmar arches. During a dissection of the right upper extremity, an abnormal high origin of the radial artery was found. A high radial branch from the brachial artery was found in a middle aged male during routine dissection course. The brachial artery and its branches were dissected carefully and the anomaly was documented with a photograph. Usually the axillary artery continues as brachial artery beyond the lower margin of teres major muscle and the brachial artery terminates in the cubital fossa by dividing into the ulnar and the radial arteries. Accurate knowledge of these variation patterns is of considerable clinical importance in the conduct of reparative surgeries around the shoulder and fracture management of the humerus. This high origin of radial artery and the abnormal course of the radial artery is of interest to clinicians; in particular vascular and plastic surgeons and radiologists.
Bilateral Tortuous Upper Limb Arterial Tree and Their Clinical Significance
Journal of Neurology Research Reviews & Reports, 2020
The detailed knowledge about the possible anatomical variations of upper limb arteries is vital for the reparative surgery of the region. Brachial artery is the main artery of upper limb; it is a continuation of axillary artery from the lower border of teres major muscle. During routine cadaveric dissection, we found bilateral tortuous brachial artery which was superficial as well as tortuous throughout its course. It is called superficial as it was superficial to the median nerve. At the neck of radius, it was divided into two terminal branches radial and ulnar arteries which were also tortuous. Tortuosity of the radial artery was more near the flexor retinaculum. When observed, the continuation of ulnar artery as superficial palmar arch also showed tortuosity throughout, including its branches. Being superficial such brachial artery can be more prone to trauma. Tortuous radial artery is one of the causes of access failure in trans-radial approach of coronary interventions. To the ...
Anatomical variations of radial artery and its morphology with clinical implications
International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences
Background: The radial artery (RA) is a continuation of the brachial artery and is one of the major blood supplying vessels to the structures of the forearm. It is originated in the cubital fossa at the level of the neck of the radius. It runs on the lateral aspect of the forearm before it reaches the wrist and branches out to supply the hand. The RA is also important clinically due to its location at the wrist, as it can be felt as a pulse and can be used to determine the heart rate. It is the artery of choice for coronary artery angiography, percutaneous coronary artery intervention, cannulation, and others. The main objective of this study is to study the variation in origin and course of the RA in cadavers.Methods: The present study was conducted with 100 upper limbs of 50 cadavers in the department of anatomy, Gouri devi institute medical sciences and hospital, Durgapur, West Bengal over a period of 2 years. By conventional dissection method, the axillary region, arm, forearm, ...
Clinically-relevant Variations in the Origin and Course of the Radial Artery
Negah Institute for Scientific Communication, 2021
Introduction: The radial artery is an essential artery supplying the structures in the forearm. Variations in the radial artery concerning its origin, course, branching pattern, and mode of termination have been commonly reported. The high origin of the radial artery from either brachial or axillary artery was detected in numerous studies. Clinically-radial artery is used in cardiac catheterization and bypass graft; thus, the knowledge of these variations is of utmost significance to the surgeons. Methods: In the present study, dissection was conducted on 51 upper limb specimens. The explored specimens were obtained from the College of Medicine and Health Sciences (NUST), Oman. Moreover, variations observed in the origin and course of the radial artery were noted and later photographed. Results: Out of the 51 upper limb specimens studied, variation in the origin of the radial artery was observed from the axillary artery in one specimen and the brachial artery in 3 limbs. The course of these varied arteries was superficial in the forearm. Conclusion: The knowledge of the variations in the origin and course of the radial artery will help prevent any untoward side effects that can occur during any procedures involving the radial artery.
AN ANALYSIS OF CLINICO-RADIOLOGICAL AND HISTOPATHOLOGICAL CORRELATION IN TUBERCULOSIS OF SPINE
National Journal of Medical Research, 2013
Background: In the recent past, the use of computerized axial tomography and magnetic resonance imaging has helped to differentiate spinal tuberculosis from radiologically similar lesions. Objective: The objectives of the study was to assess how dependable clinical and radiological features are in establishing a diagnosis of spinal tuberculosis; and to identify other conditions which may have clinical and radiological features similar to those seen in patients with spinal tuberculosis. Methodology: Two hundred and sixty-seven consecutive patients with clinical and radiological features suggestive of tuberculosis of the spine treated over a period of five years were analysed. This retrospective case series analysis was done in a tertiary care hospital. The clinical presentation, radiological features and the erythrocyte sedimentation rate were correlated with the histopathological diagnosis on tissue obtained by open biopsy in 130 cases during surgery and in 137 cases by closed vertebral biopsy. Results: One hundred sixty-six cases were histologically proved as tuberculosis and 74 proved to be non-tuberculous lesions. Twenty-seven cases in which the biopsy was inconclusive were excluded from the study. The study demonstrated that tuberculous lesions were commoner in younger patients and the lesion was more often in the paradiscal region as compared to non-tuberculous lesions. However, all other clinical and radiological variables were not significantly different to enable reliable identification of tuberculous lesions on the basis of clinical and radiological features alone. Conclusion: It is recommended that all vertebral lesions suspected to be of tuberculous origin not responding to empirical antituberculosis therapy should have a definitive histopathological diagnosis and radiological investigation to facilitate appropriate treatment.
Journal of anatomy, 1996
Bilateral superficial radial artery at the wrist associated with a radial origin of a unilateral median artery The radial artery is classically described at the wrist as passing deep to the tendons of the anatomical snuff-box. Variations in the origin and proximal course of this artery are some of the most common anomalies found in the forearm (15%) (McCormack, 1953), but the finding of a radial artery, or one of its branches, passing superficial to the lateral tendons of the anatomical snuff-box is rare. A persistent median artery has an incidence of 8 % (Lippert & Pabst, 1985) but its origin from the radial artery has only rarely been described (Adachi, 1928; Jorge-Barreiro & Valdecasas-Huelin, 1991; Henneberg & George, 1992). The association of a superficial radial artery at the wrist with a median artery arising from it, has not previously been described. Here we present a case of bilateral superficial radial arteries. On the right there was a Manners-Smith type II anomaly and on the left there was a similar situation for the radial artery except that a median artery was also present. Unusually such a median artery arises distally from the radial artery. The superficial radial artery coursed over the lateral tendons in the anatomical snuff-box before terminating in the deep palmar arch. The median artery passed deep to the flexor retinaculum to close the superficial palmar arch. The pattern for the radial artery is similar to that described among primates and some prosimiae. The anomalies reported were found during routine dissection of 40 upper limbs from human cadavers in the Department of Anatomy, Cambridge University, England. The specimens were right and left forearms from an adult male cadaver aged 93 y. In both arms, the brachial artery divided into the radial and ulnar arteries in the cubital fossa. The course and distribution of the ulnar artery was normal in both forearms. The course of the radial artery as far as the lower third of the forearm was normal. At this level it could be subdivided into 2 branches based on their course and situation: 'superficial' and 'deep'. The 'superficial radial artery' passed dorsally around the superficial aspect of the branchioradialis muscle and superficial to the tendons of the anatomical snuff-box to terminate, in the normal way, by passing between the 2 heads of the 1st dorsal interosseous muscle to complete the deep palmar arch (Fig. I A, B). The 'deep radial artery', more slender than the 'superficial' one, descended along the normal course of the 'true radial artery' and passed deep to the tendons of the anatomical snuff-box to terminate as the dorsal carpal branch making up the dorsal carpal arch (Fig. 1A, B).