Dental findings in the diagnosis of idiopathic hypoparathyroidism (original) (raw)
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Impacted Teeth and Early Detection of Hypoparathyroidism: A Rare Case Report with Literature Review
2018
Hypoparathyroidism is a rare endocrinological disorder accompanied by anomalies of various systems, bones and teeth. If diagnosed within first 10 years after birth and devoid of etiology, the condition is termed as idiopathic hypoparathyroidism (IHP). The dental defects due to hypoparathyroidism may present as hypocalcaemia, aplasia and/or, hypoplasia of enamel, incomplete mineralization of dentin, short and blunted roots, blunted molar apices, delayed eruptions and missing or, impacted teeth. Retention of multiple primary teeth and impacted permanent teeth can, also, be associated with various other syndromes or, hormonal and metabolic disorders. Early detection of this disorder is vital for effective management not only paving way for prevention of further dental damage progression, but, also, in improving the medical management and related outcomes. This case report elaborates a rare case where multiple impacted permanent teeth and retained primary teeth accompanied by other clin...
Enamel hypoplasia associated with congenital hypoparathyroidism
Pediatric dentistry, 1981
Enamel hypoplasia is a defect in the enamel due to disturbance of ameloblastic function during amelogenesis. The etiology of such a disturbance may be either genetic or environmental in nature. This case report of undetected congenital idiopathic hypoparathyroidism emphasizes the importance of investigating the underlying cause of these enamel defects.
Patients with Parathyroid Disorders: Oral Manifestations and Dental Management
Journal of Advances in Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2021
Parathyroid hormone secreted by the parathyroid glands has a key role in the regulation of calcium and phosphorus metabolism and plays an essential role in tooth and bone mineralization. Disorders of the parathyroid glands most frequently result in abnormalities of serum calcium and can induce various oral and extra-oral manifestations. Therefore, a sound understanding of these conditions is essential for the dental practitioner, with emphasis on alerting signs, clinical and radiological findings and mandatory communication with patient’s physician.
Infantile hypothyroidism and its relationship with delayed tooth eruption: A case report
Journal of Clinical and Experimental Dentistry, 2022
Hypothyroidism is characterized as a systemic endocrine disorder that is caused by a dysfunction of the thyroid gland. This produces the thyroid hormones T3 and T4 that are responsible for carrying out the normal functions of the physical body, that is, changes in the secretion of these hormones may be related to some maladjustments in the stomatognathic system. The most common manifestations of congenital hypothyroidism, also known as cretinism, are thick lips, macroglossia, malocclusion and delayed eruption of both dentitions. This study aims to report a case of a child with hypothyroidism and a delay in the chronology of tooth eruption. Patient, female, 9 years and 8 months old, whose main complaint was a delay in the chronology of tooth eruption. On clinical examination, a marked delay in the chronology of tooth eruption was observed. Therefore, it was necessary to refer the patient to a geneticist, who ruled out any syndromic alteration. Then, the patient was referred to the endocrinologist, whose opinion was hypothyroidism.
Congenital hypothyrodism and its oral manifestations
Revista Odontologica Mexicana, 2014
Hypothyroidism is one of the most common thyroid disorders. Hypothyroidism can be congenital in cases when the thyroid gland does not develop normally. Female predominance is a characteristic of congenital hypothyroidism. Dental characteristics of hypothyroidism are thick lips, a large-sized tongue which, due to its position, can elicit anterior open bite as well as fanned-out anterior teeth. In these cases, delayed eruption of primary and permanent dentitions can be observed, and teeth, even though normal-sized, are crowded due to the small-sized jaws. This study presents clinical cases of female patients diagnosed with congenital hypothyroidism who sought treatment at the Dental Pediatrics Unit of the Autonomous University of the State of Mexico. RESUMEN El hipotiroidismo es el más común de los trastornos de la tiroides, puede ser congénito si la glándula tiroides no se desarrolla correctamente (hipotiroidismo congénito). La predominancia femenina es una característica. Entre las características odontológicas del hipotiroidismo se observan labios gruesos, lengua de gran tamaño, que debido a su posición suele producir mordida abierta anterior y dientes anteriores en abanico, destaca que la dentición temporal y permanente presentan un retardo eruptivo característico y, aunque los dientes son de tamaño normal, suelen estar apiñados por el tamaño pequeño de los maxilares. Se presentan dos casos clínicos de pacientes de sexo femenino que acuden a la
Spontaneous hypoparathyroidism: clinical, biochemical and radiological features
Indian journal of pediatrics
The clinical, biochemical and radiological features of spontaneously occurring hypoparathyroidism in 13 patients (mean age 9 years, range 4 months to 20 years) are highlighted. Nine patients presented with a history of generalised seizures and 2 were in acute hypocalcemic crisis at the time of admission. Ocular involvement (corneal opacities, cataract) was present in 3 patients and vitiligo in 1 patient. The serum calcium level was low (mean 5.46 mg/dl, range 5.0-7.2) and serum phosphorus level was high (mean 8.49 mg/dl, range 6-14 mg/dl) in all the patients. Six patients had elevated serum alkaline phosphatase (greater than 20 KAU). Radiological examination revealed osteopenia in 3 patients. Nine patients underwent a head CT scan; 5 had evidence of basal ganglia calcification. The findings of elevated serum alkaline phosphatase and osteopenia are at variance with existing literature and may possibly reflect pre-existing vitamin D deficiency.
Idiopathic Hypoparathyroidism: Still a Diagnostic Conundrum – A Tertiary Centre Experience
Hormone and Metabolic Research, 2020
Idiopathic hypoparathyroidism leads to hypocalcemia and hyperphosphatasemia and usually has a genetic aetiology. The variable but often subtle signs and symptoms usually lead to a misdiagnosis of hypoparathyroidism. Case records of 32 patients of idiopathic hypoparathyroidism admitted over a period of five years were analysed. There was a lag period of 5.94 years from the onset of symptoms to the diagnosis. Carpopedal spasm was the most common indication for admission to the hospital. Trivial symptoms such as fatigue (84%) and paresthesia (62.5%) were the most common reported symptoms. A sum of 46.5% of the patients were on antiepileptic drugs before the correct diagnosis of hypoparathyroidism was made. This observation emphasized that Calcium profile should be obtained in patients with history of paresthesia and seizure to avoid the long delay in diagnosis of hypoparathyroidism.
Oral and systemic manifestations of congenital hypothyroidism in children. A case report
Journal Oral Of Research, 2015
Hypothyroidism is the most common thyroid disorder. It may be congenital if the thyroid gland does not develop properly. A female predominance is characteristic. Hypothyroidism is the most common congenital pediatric disease and its first signs and early symptoms can be detected with neonatal screening. Some of the oral manifestations of hypothyroidism are known to be: glossitis, micrognathia, macroglossia, macroquelia, anterior open bite, enamel hypoplasia, delayed tooth eruption, and crowding. This paper briefly describes the systemic and oral characteristics of congenital hypothyroidism in a patient being treated at a dental practice. The patient had early childhood caries and delayed tooth eruption. There are no cases of craniosynostosis related to the primary pathology, which if left untreated, increases the cranial defect. Early diagnosis reduces the clinical manifestations of the disease. Delayed tooth eruption will become a growing problem if the patient does not receive timely treatment and monitoring.
Crescent Journal of Medical and Biological Sciences, 2018
A 20-year-old Iranian male after injury in a football match with pain in the fnger was referred to the hospital. X-Ray images of his hand showed no fractures, but the shortening of third to ffth metacarpal bones was clearly observed. The short metacarpal bone is a very helpful diagnostic marker in the patients suffering from idiopathic hypoparathyroidism (IHP), pseudohypoparathyroidism type Ia (PHP-Ia) with Albright"s hereditary osteodystrophy (AHO) phenotype, pseudopseudohypoparathyroidism (PPHP), and brachydactyly type E. Briefly, in hypoparathyroidism disease, the serum calcium level decreases and the serum phosphorus level increases in blood. PHP-Ia disorder is clinically similar to hypoparathyroidism; in this disease, the level of parathyroid hormone is normal but there is resistance to it. PPHP disease is not an endocrine disorder but is related to PHP-Ia. In this disease, serum levels of calcium and phosphorus are normal, also symptoms and signs in PPHP are similar to PH...