Compliance to dietary guidelines on fruit and vegetable intake and prevalence of hypertension among Vietnamese adults, 2015 (original) (raw)
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Journal of Human Hypertension, 2011
We investigate associations of fruit and vegetable intake with the risk of future hypertension using home blood pressure in a general population from Ohasama, Japan. We obtained data from 745 residents aged X35 years without home hypertension at baseline. Dietary intake was measured using a validated 141-item food frequency questionnaire, and subjects were then divided into quartiles according to the fruit and vegetable intake. Home hypertension was defined as home systolic/ diastolic blood pressure of X135/85 mm Hg and/or the use of antihypertensive medication. During a 4-year follow-up period, we identified 222 incident cases of home hypertension. After adjustment for all putative confounding factors, the highest quartile of fruit intake was associated with a significantly lower risk of future home hypertension (odds ratio 0.40, 95% confidence interval 0.22-0.74, P ¼ 0.004). In conclusion, this study, based on home blood pressure measurement, suggests that higher intake of fruit is associated with a lower risk of future home hypertension.
Fruit and Vegetables Consumption and Risk of Hypertension: A Meta-Analysis
Journal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.), 2016
The association between fruit and vegetables (FVs) consumption and hypertension risk remains controversial. A systematic search was performed in PubMed and the Web of Science for relevant articles published in English or Chinese up to April 2015. A total of 25 studies with 334,468 patients (41,713 cases) were included in the present meta-analysis. When comparing the highest with the lowest consumption, the pooled relative risks of hypertension were 0.812 (95% confidence interval, 0.740-0.890) for FVs, 0.732 (95% confidence interval, 0.621-0.861) for fruit, and 0.970 (95% confidence interval, 0.918-1.024) for vegetables. A significantly inverse association between fruit consumption and hypertension risk was found in studies carried out in Asia (relative risk, 0.70; 95% confidence interval, 0.61-0.79). Influence analysis revealed that no individual study had an excessive influence on the pooled relative risks. The present meta-analysis indicates that FV consumption might be inversely ...
Differences of Fruit-Vegetable Consumption, Blood Pressure In Highland And Lowland
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kesehatan
Consumption of vegetables and fruit daily can prevent degenerative diseases such as coronary heart disease, stroke, and cancer. One of the causes is unstable blood pressure. This study aimed to determine the differences in the consumption of vegetables, fruit, and blood pressure in highland (mountains) and lowland (coastal) communities in Bengkulu. This research was observational analytic with a cross-sectional approach. A sample of 65 people in the highlands (Kepahiang) and 65 people on the coast (Pasar Ikan) was purposive sampling. Statistical test using independent t-test. This study indicates that the average consumption of vegetables in the highlands is 170.33 grams/day, and fruit consumption is 100.96 grams/day. In comparison, the consumption of vegetables in the lowlands is 165.65 grams/day. Moreover, fruit consumption in the lowlands is 187.26 grams/day. In the highlands, the mean systolic blood pressure was 134.72 mmHg, and the diastolic was 83.18 mmHg, while the mean systo...
Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases, 2018
Background and aims: The associations between fruit and vegetable consumption and high blood pressure among adults are well studied. Nonetheless, data on the influence of a low consumption of fruit and vegetables on cardiovascular disease risk, particularly blood pressure, among healthy adolescents are scarce. Therefore, we aim to analyse the associations between fruit and/or vegetable intake and blood pressure over a two-year period in healthy adolescents. Methods and results: As part of a cohort, 606 adolescents from the LabMed Physical Activity study were evaluated in 2011 (baseline) and 2013 (follow-up). Blood pressure was measured according to standardized procedures and fruit and vegetable consumption was assessed with a food frequency questionnaire. Anthropometric variables, socioeconomic status, pubertal stage and lifestyle determinants were gathered and used as confounders. Prospective associations between fruit and/or vegetable intake and blood pressure were examined using generalized linear models. Girls who consumed more fruit at baseline had a significant decrease in diastolic blood pressure at follow-up [unstandardized beta: À0.005 mmHg (95%CI: À0.01; À0.0002) (p Z 0.038)]. Conclusion: In apparently healthy adolescents, fruit intake may already start to have an effect in blood pressure. Girls who consumed more fruit exhibited lower levels of diastolic blood pressure.
Impact of dietary and lifestyle factors on the prevalence of hypertension in Western populations
2004
The impact of dietary and lifestyle factors on the prevalence of hypertension was quantified for Finland, Italy, The Netherlands, UK and USA. For this purpose, we combined data of blood pressure (BP) and risk factors distributions in these five countries with BP estimates from randomized controlled trials of dietary and lifestyle factors to obtain population attributable risk percentages (PAR%) for hypertension. Overweight made a substantial contribution to hypertension (PAR%: 11-17%), as was the case for excessive sodium intake (9-17%), low potassium intake (4-17%), physical inactivity (5-13%), and low intake of fish oil (3-16%). PAR% were smaller for low calcium intake (2-8%), low magnesium intake (4-8%), excessive coffee consumption (1-9%) and excessive alcohol intake (2-3%). We conclude that diet and lifestyle have a major impact on hypertension in Western societies. The relative significance of different risk factors varies among populations, which is important for preventive strategies.
British Journal of Nutrition, 2004
There is evidence that a diet rich in fruit and vegetables reduces blood pressure (BP). Characteristically, the Mediterranean diet is rich in plant-derived foods and also in fat, but studies conducted in Mediterranean countries to relate diet to BP are scarce. We studied the association between fruit and vegetable consumption and BP in a cross-sectional analysis of 4393 participants in the Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra (SUN) Study, an ongoing dynamic cohort study in Spain. Diet was measured using a food-frequency questionnaire previously validated in Spain. Fat represented more than 37 % total energy intake. Subjects were considered to have undiagnosed hypertension if they reported systolic BP 140mmHgordiastolicBP140 mmHg or diastolic BP 140mmHgordiastolicBP 90 mmHg, and not a medical diagnosis of hypertension. The adjusted prevalence odds ratio of undiagnosed hypertension (upper v. lowest quintile) was 0·58 (95 % CI 0·36, 0·91; P for trend 0·01) for vegetable consumption and 0·68 (95 % CI 0·43, 1·09; P for trend 0·10) for fruit consumption. Comparing those in the highest quintile of both fruit and vegetable consumption with those in the lowest quintile of both food groups, the prevalence odds ratio was 0·23 (95 % CI 0·10, 0·55; P¼0·001), after adjusting for risk factors for hypertension and other dietary exposures. In a Mediterranean population with an elevated fat consumption, a high fruit and vegetable intake is inversely associated with BP levels. Hypertension: Plant foods: Mediterranean diet * Corresponding author: Dr Miguel Angel Martínez-González, fax þ 34 948 42 56 49, email mamartinez@unav.es Abbreviations: BP, blood pressure; DASH, Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; MET, metabolic equivalent; OR, odds ratio; SBP, systolic blood pressure; SFA, saturated fatty acid; SUN, Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra.
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
This study aimed to investigate the relationship between adequate fruit and vegetable intake, and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs)-associated risk factors (i.e., diabetes, hypertension and hypercholesterolemia) among Malaysian adults without history of chronic diseases. We analyzed the data from 11,172 Malaysian adults (i.e., 5554 male and 5618 female), who participated in the population-based National Health and Morbidity Survey 2015. Multiple logistic regression was employed to determine the relationship between adequate daily intake of fruit and vegetables (i.e., ≥5 servings per day) and undiagnosed diabetes, undiagnosed hypertension, and undiagnosed hypercholesterolemia, after adjustment for sociodemographic characteristics and lifestyle risk factors. The mean age (±SE) of these participants was 40.79 (±0.17) years old. Our data demonstrated an adequate daily intake of fruit and vegetables was inversely associated with undiagnosed hypercholesterolemia (adjusted OR: 0.71; 95% CI: 0...
Iranian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism, 2015
Introduction: Identifying different food patterns may play a role in reducing the incidence of hypertension. Since most studies in this field have been cross-sectional, studies demonstrating HTN incidence are very limited. Hence we conducted this longitudinal study to determine dietary patterns and their effects on the incidence of hypertension. Materials and Methods: Dietary patterns of 1787 subjects, aged 20-60 yrs, who participated in phase 3 of Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study (TLGS) were determined using factor analysis and the association between dietary patterns and the incidence of hypertension in phase 4 of TLGS was assessed, using logistic regression. Results: Mean age across quartiles of healthy and western dietary patterns differed significantly. Individuals with lowest adherence to healthy dietary pattern and highest adherence to western dietary pattern were younger than others. Participants in the highest quartile of the healthy dietary pattern were physically more activ...
This study aimed to investigate whether dietary pattern associate with hypertension and which dietary pattern have protective role in development of hypertension.1787 healthy subjects (718 men and 1069 women) Participants in Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study who had normal blood pressure were enrolled in study. Weight and height of participants was measured and body mass index (BMI) was calculated. Blood pressure was taken on the right arm. Physical activity levels were assessed using Krista's physical activity questionnaire. Dietary data was collected by validated semi-quantitative FFQ. Using factor analysis we extract 3 dietary food patterns: healthy, western and mix. The healthy dietary pattern was negatively associated with elevated systolic blood pressure in model 2 and 3 (odds ratio: 0.74 (0.56-0.98) and 0.74 (0.56-0.97) respectively, P =0.03 for both). Neither the healthy dietary pattern in crude model nor western dietary pattern in crude model and after adjustment for covariates, were associated with incidence of hypertension. We found that adherence to healthy dietary pattern cause 26 % reduction in hypertension incidence risk. Since the hypertension consider as independent risk factor for heart and kidney diseases, Strategies to reduce the incidence of hypertension may indirectly reduce the burden of these diseases.
Association of raw fruit and fruit juice consumption with blood pressure: the INTERMAP Study
American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 2013
Background: Epidemiologic evidence suggests that fruit consumption may lower the risk of cardiovascular diseases through blood pressure (BP)-lowering effects; little is known on the independent effect of raw fruit and fruit juice on BP. Objective: The objective was to quantify associations of raw fruit and fruit juice consumption with BP by using cross-sectional data from the INTERnational study on MAcro/micronutrients and blood Pressure (INTERMAP) of 4680 men and women aged 40-59 y from Japan, China, the United Kingdom, and the United States. Design: During 4 visits, 8 BP, four 24-h dietary recalls, and two 24-h urine samples were collected. Country-specific multivariate-controlled linear regression coefficients, including adjustment for urinary sodium excretion, were estimated and pooled weighted by inverse of their variance. Results: The average total raw fruit consumption varied from a mean 6 SD 52 6 65 g/1000 kcal in the United States to 68 6 70 g/1000 kcal in China. Individual raw fruit intake was not associated with BP in pooled analyses for all countries or in participants from Western countries, although a positive association with diastolic BP was observed in East Asian participants (per 50 g/1000 kcal; 0.37 mm Hg; 95% CI: 0.02, 0.71). Positive relationships with diastolic BP were found for citrus fruit intake in Western consumers (per 25 g/1000 kcal; 0.47 mm Hg; 95% CI: 0.12, 0.81) and for apple intake in East Asian consumers (0.40 mm Hg; 95% CI: 0.03, 0.78). Among East Asian banana consumers, banana intake was inversely associated with diastolic BP (21.01 mm Hg;