A quantitative performance comparison study of all-optical slotted rings with different packet header speeds (original) (raw)
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Performance evaluations of the multi-layers ring network architecture with unicast/multicast function have been done recently by using non-parametric approach. It was claimed that the proposed architecture outperforms the conventional point-to-point multi-layers architecture in terms of the link cost and interface cost. This paper further investigates the impact of the traffic to the nodes in such architecture with unicast capability through optical packet switching simulations. It is found that there are serious packet losses at layer 3 if switches capacity are same at all levels; the required number of wavelengths/optical buffers increases exponentially in order to maintain a given packet loss rate when more layers exist in the architecture. Therefore, it shows that too many layers architecture may affect the networks performances.
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Considering that optical packet/burst switching (OPS/OBS) are considered strong candidates for metropolitan networks in the near future, this work is a contribution evaluating the performance of some network models based on OPS/OBS mesh/ring architectures. We use both the conventional models of ring and mesh (Manhattan Street type), and slightly modified models implementing new structures, with cases of unidirectional and of bidirectional links. Our main goal here is to find through computer simulations the better architectures, in terms of (higher) capacity and (lower) latency. We choose the parameters average number of hops, total number of deflections and packet loss fraction as metrics for network performance. We observe that networks with best performance are the ones with largest number of different paths between nodes.
An optically transparent ultra high speed LAN-ring employing OTDM
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In this paper, an optically transparent lOOGbitls ring-LAN architecture based on the slotted ring protocol and the OTDM technique is presented. Optical transparency is achieved by using optical packets of constant duration which consist of variable bit rate payloads and headers with fixed data rate. Thus, the considered LAN is capable of providing multiple services for nodes with different transmission speeds.
Design Criteria of High Speed Optical Packet Switching Network
-Optical packet switching enables the transfer of packet signals in the optical domain on a packet-by-packet basis. In conventional electronic routers, all input optical packets are converted into electrical signals that are subsequently stored in a memory. Optical packet switching is promising to offer large capacity and data transparency. However, after many years of research, this technology has not yet been applied in actual products, because of the lack of deep and fast optical memories and the poor level of integration. It will be overcome not only through technical breakthroughs but also through clever network design, making optimal use of optics and electronics. Developments in OPS seem to lead integration of optical and electronic networks and the use of optical burst switching (OBS). High-speed digital fiber-optic transmission using subcarrier multiplexing(SCM) is investigated both analytically and numerically. In order to reduce the impact of fiber chromatic dispersion and increase bandwidth efficiency, optical single-sideband (OSSB) modulation was used. Because frequency spacing between adjacent subcarriers can be much narrower than in a conventional. Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing (DWDM) is an optical multiplexing technology used to increase bandwidth over existing fiber networks system, nonlinear crosstalk must be considered. Although chromatic dispersion is not a limiting factor in SCM systems because the data rate at each subcarrier is low, polarization mode dispersion (PMD) has a big impact on the system performance if radiofrequency (RF) phase detection is used in the receiver. In order to optimize the system performance, tradeoffs must be made between data rate per subcarrier, levels of modulation, channel spacing between subcarriers, optical power, and modulation indexes. A 10-Gb/s SCM test bed has been set up in which 4×2.5 Gb/s data streams are combined into one wavelength that occupies a 20-GHz optical bandwidth. OSSB modulation is used in the experiment. The measured results agree well with the analytical prediction. In the optical domain, the Optical Packet Switching(OPS) paradigm is similar to electronic packet switching, except that the payload of the packets are switched and buffered in the optical domain while the headers, which contain control information, are processed electronically. In this paper, we focus on slotted OPS networks, where optical packets are of a fixed duration, and are aligned at the inputs of the switching node. Slotted OPS with a packet size in the order of 1μs has been concluded as a promising alternative for future OPS backbone networks. The switching architecture (switch fabric) is the node component responsible of the transfer of the optical packets from the input ports to the output ports of the switching node. This requires a packet-by-packet switching operation.
Optical Packet Switching: Approach to Performance Modeling and Simulation
As (1) above, but E-mail: M.Marciniak@itl.waw.pl ABSTRACT The paper describes research progress in technologies and architectures that give hope to deliver truly transparent switching of optical packets. The importance of all-optical packet switching/routing for convergent next generation transport network and in particularly, for QoS packet transfer in core of future generation wireless networks is pointed out. Generic photonic packet switch/router architecture and its QoS possibilities as well as approach to optical packet format are studied in detail. Conditions for accurate performance modeling and computer simulation for any optical packet switch architecture are discussed. Optical components functionality modeling and optical switch/router simulation algorithms are presented as well.