Distribution of left ventricular trabeculation across age and gender in 140 healthy Caucasian subjects on MR imaging (original) (raw)
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European Radiology, 2000
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the heart has been used to evaluate cardiac function since imaging of the heart with high temporal resolution became possible by cine MRI. In contrast to echocardiography, radionuclide, and catheter ventriculography, this technique makes no assumptions concerning the shape of the ventricle. Additionally, functional analysis of both left (LV) and right (RV) ventricles can be made in a single examination. Most studies performed to establish normal values for a population have employed volunteers who were younger than patients with cardiac disease. This may be problematic because echocardiography has demonstrated significant age-and gender-related differences in both cardiac function and cardiac mass even in healthy subjects . Normal values need to be defined because MRI is rapidly becoming established as the gold standard for examining cardiac function. This study therefore analyzed age-and gender-specific differences in cardiac mass and function in both ventricles in a single examination.
Journal of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance, 2009
Background: Doubts remain over the use of the ECG in identifying those with increased left ventricular (LV) mass. This is especially so in young individuals, despite their high prevalence of ECG criteria for LV hypertrophy. We performed a study using cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR), which provides an in vivo non-invasive gold standard method of measuring LV mass, allowing accurate assessment of electrocardiography as a tool for defining LV hypertrophy in the young.
Quantification of left ventricular myocardial mass in humans by nuclear magnetic resonance imaging
American Heart Journal, 1989
Assessment of left ventricular (LV) myocardial mass has potential clinical applications in different cardiac disease states. The degree of LV hypertrophy has recently been shown to be an independent predictor of prognosis in patients with hypertensive heart disease.' In patients with previous myocardial infarction, prognosis is related to the perqntage of viable LV mass. Furthermore, quantification of LV mass can be useful in the evaluation of patients with valvular heart disease and hypertrophic cardiomyopathies.
Influence of fat-free mass on detection of appropriateness of left ventricular mass
Journal of Hypertension, 2003
Objectives To evaluate the differences between using height 2:7 or fat-free mass for assessment of the appropriateness of left ventricular mass (LVM) in relation to hemodynamic load, and to evaluate the performance of Doppler as compared with M-mode-derived stroke volume for computation of predicted values of LVM. Design Cross-sectional. Setting Population-based. Participants We studied 2299 participants from the Hypertension Genetic Epidemiology Network Study (prevalent cardiovascular disease in 342). Outcome measures Individual predicted values of LVM were generated by equations using sex, stroke work (systolic blood pressure 3 stroke volume by either Doppler or M-mode) and either height 2:7 or fat-free mass, as measures of body build, in 228 normotensive, nonobese, non-diabetic participants. Observed LVM was divided by the predicted value and evaluated as 'excess of LVM'. Results Among 1957 participants without prevalent cardiovascular disease, obese individuals (n 1008) were slightly younger than non-obese individuals, whereas diabetic participants (n 294) were slightly older. Excess of LVM was positively related to body mass index (BMI), independently of echocardiographic method and measure of body build, especially when height 2:7 and m-mode stroke work were used, and was greatest in the presence of concentric left ventricular hypertrophy (P < 0.0001). Excess LVM by height 2:7 was progressively greater than that by fat-free mass, as BMI increased (P < 0.0001). In analyses of covariance of association of prevalent cardiovascular disease with age, sex, race, BMI, and excess of LVM (by each method), methods using height 2:7 were more associated with prevalent cardiovascular disease than were methods using fat-free mass (P < 0.02). Conclusions Deviation of LVM from values that compensate hemodynamic load can be similarly identified using different measures of body build and methods to generate stroke work. However, the use of height 2:7 to compute LVM as a percentage of that predicted appears to identify deviations from compensatory values that are independently related to prevalent cardiovascular disease more effectively than does the use of fat-free mass.
Circulation-cardiovascular Imaging, 2016
R ight ventricular (RV) size and systolic function have diagnostic and prognostic value in multiple cardiovascular and pulmonary disorders. 1-4 However, because of its substernal position and crescentic shape, the right ventricle has been difficult to characterize using conventional 2-dimensional echocardiography. Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) provides highly reproducible measures of RV volumes and systolic function. 5,6 See Editorial by Fent and Plein See Clinical Perspective CMR is considered the noninvasive gold standard for assessment of the heart. 7 As such, CMR-specific reference values are important for distinguishing pathological states from normal variants. We used a current steady-state free precession (SSFP) CMR imaging sequence to determine normative values for RV size and function in a longitudinally followed, community-based sample of adults free of clinical cardiovascular and pulmonary disease. Prior studies have shown that RV parameters differ between sexes and suggest that they vary with age and body size. We sought to verify these differences Background-Cardiac magnetic resonance is uniquely well suited for noninvasive imaging of the right ventricle. We sought to define normal cardiac magnetic resonance reference values and to identify the main determinants of right ventricular (RV) volumes and systolic function using a modern imaging sequence in a community-dwelling, longitudinally followed cohort free of clinical cardiovascular and pulmonary disease. Methods and Results-The Framingham Heart Study Offspring cohort has been followed since 1971. We scanned 1794 Offspring cohort members using steady-state free precession cardiac magnetic resonance and identified a reference group of 1336 adults (64±9 years, 576 men) free of prevalent cardiovascular and pulmonary disease. RV trabeculations and papillary muscles were considered cavity volume. Men had greater RV volumes and cardiac output before and after indexation to body size (all P<0.001). Women had higher RV ejection fraction than men (68±6% versus 64±7%; P<0.0001). RV volumes and cardiac output decreased with advancing age. There was an increase in raw and heightindexed RV measurements with increasing body mass index, but this trend was weakly inverted after indexation of RV volumes to body surface area. Sex, age, height, body mass index, and heart rate account for most of the variability in RV volumes and function in this community-dwelling population. Conclusions-We report sex-specific normative values for RV measurements among principally middle-aged and older adults. RV ejection fraction is greater in women. RV volumes increase with body size, are greater in men, and are smaller in older people. Body surface area seems to be appropriate for indexation of cardiac magnetic resonance-derived RV volumes.
JACC: Cardiovascular Imaging, 2008
We derived mean values for cardiac dimensions, volumes, function, and mass in a normotensive nonobese population free of cardiovascular disease. B A C K G R O U N D Multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) permits study of cardiac chamber size, function, and mass. Age-and gender-specific mean values are not available. M E T H O D S A total of 103 normotensive, nonobese adults (43% women, age 51 Ϯ 14 years) who presented consecutively to 2 medical centers for clinically indicated MDCTs with neither history of nor MDCT evidence of significant cardiovascular disease were studied for left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) end-systolic (ES) and end-diastolic (ED) linear dimensions and volumes; LV and RV ejection fraction (EF), and LV mass (LVM); and left atrial (LA) and right atrial (RA) end-systolic volumes (LAESV and RAESV, respectively) by 1-dimensional (1D), 2-dimensional (2D), and 3-dimensional (3D) measurements.
Reproducibility of left and right ventricular mass measurements with cardiac CT
Journal of Cardiovascular Computed Tomography, 2011
BACKGROUND: Cardiac CT provides volumetric data that enables characterization of the myocardium. OBJECTIVE: We evaluated intraobserver, interobserver, and interstudy reproducibility of left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) mass quantification with cardiac CT.